(1) Point out which of the following sentences is association and which is imagination?
A. The street lamp in the distance is very clear, as if there are countless stars flashing.
B: I think there must be a beautiful market in the empty sky.
C. You see, the shallow Tianhe is definitely not very wide.
D: I think they must be wandering in Tianjie at the moment.
E. If you don't believe me, please look at that meteor. They are walking with lanterns.
F. Where is the Tianhe River? The sea fog in the distance is blurred. Afraid of Jiao Ren on the shore?
★ Lenovo poems a and e; Imaginary poems b, c, d, e, f
(2) Point out the sentence (D) in which the rhythm division and stress judgment are wrong in the following poems.
A: I think there must be a beautiful market in the ethereal sky.
B: Look,/That shallow/Tianhe must be/not very/wide.
C. Tianhe/where? Distant/foggy/hazy.
D. Afraid/will/Jiao Ren go ashore, facing the moon/floating beads?
Two Poems by Guo Moruo —— Market in the Sky
Cognitive goal: to cultivate the ability of association and imagination.
Targeted ability: try to write through association and imagination.
Emotional goal (moral education): to guide students to understand the author's strong feelings of love and hate and his desire to pursue bright ideals freely. Appreciate the beauty of artistic conception, rhythm and emotion expressed in this poem.
Learning focus: learn the knowledge of association and imagination and cultivate the ability of association and imagination.
Difficulties in learning: the difference between association and imagination.
Learning content:
1, a new word: light green (pi ā o) mu mi ? o (mi m4o)
2. New words:
Vague: describe vaguely, if there is, if not.
Affirmation: it must be like this.
Rare: precious and rare.
Idle: Take a leisurely walk.
Show: Show things to people.
3. Author: Guo Moruo (1892— 1978), formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, is an outstanding writer, poet, playwright, historian, archaeologist and social activist in modern China. Masterpieces such as Goddess and Starry Sky. Among them, Goddess is a new collection of poems with outstanding achievements and great influence in the modern history of China. It established Guo Moruo's position as the founder of modern poetry in China.
4. This article is selected from the first volume of The Complete Works of Guo Moruo.
5. Time background: This poem was written on1October192165438+24th. At that time, the author was studying in RI, full of longing, and returned to China twice in late spring and early autumn. However, he was disappointed by the scuffle between Jun and the people of China. The poet stared at the "ethereal" starry sky and fantasized about the magical world. His poems entrusted his beautiful social ideal, attacked the dark and ugly social reality, and awakened the people's struggle for self-improvement and happy life.
6. Reciting requirements
The poem "Market in the Sky" has a quiet and fresh style, a harmonious and beautiful rhythm, and a slow and quiet rhythm. The emotional tone of reading aloud is beautiful, quiet, comfortable, fresh and slightly melancholy. When reading aloud, the rhythm should not be strong, the voice should not be loud, the speed should not be fast, and it should be relaxed, soft and soothing.
At the same time, we should pay attention to: the first section should read the feeling of surprise, the second section should read the feeling of praise, the third section should read the feeling of joy and the fourth section should read the feeling of yearning.
Streets in the sky
Like/twinkle/countless/stars.
Stars in the sky. Now,
It seems to be/burning/countless/street lamps.
I think/ethereal/air,
There must be a/America/city.
In the market/on display/on something/something,
It must be/the world/no/exotic.
Look, that shallow/Tianhe,
It must be/not very/extensive.
The cowherd/weaver girl across the river,
I'm sure I can/ride an ox/come and go.
I think/they/at present,
I'm sure/I'm/I'm/I'm wandering around the street.
Don't believe,/look/that meteor,
It's them/carrying lanterns/walking.
7, the overall grasp
This poem is based on the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl in ancient China. With rich and novel association and imagination, it depicts the wonderful scene of paradise streets and expresses the poet's thoughts and feelings of getting rid of feudal shackles, pursuing ideals and yearning for freedom and happiness. Guo Moruo's early poems often borrowed myths and legends and recreated them to express his feelings and ideals. The bold imagination and strange ideas in the works reflect the poet's romantic creative characteristics. The market in the sky also has the above characteristics, as follows:
(1) Choose myths and legends as the theme.
This poem is based on the myths and legends of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl in ancient China. However, in the concrete application, the poet made a bold transformation according to his own wishes and ideals, sublated the tragic content that lovers were separated from life and it was difficult to reunite, and replaced it with the new content that cowherd and weaver girl lived freely and happily. In the poet's imagination, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl were liberated and galloped freely in the shallow Tianhe River. Their life is so happy: "I think they are wandering in the street at the moment." /Look at that meteor if you don't believe me. /They are walking with lanterns. "Here, the autocratic heavenly queen no longer exists, and a free life is presented to them. A loving couple, after busy knitting, strolled leisurely in the beautiful market with lanterns in their hands. How free they are! How comfortable! This change expresses the poet's yearning and pursuit for a better life.
(2) Use association and imagination.
At the beginning of the poem, the poet saw "street lamps in the distance", which appeared and disappeared like stars in the sky, so he naturally linked "street lamps" with "stars" and expressed this association in figurative rhetoric, which not only described the charming night scene, but also hinted at the pursuit of a bright future and dissatisfaction with the dark reality. This kind of "association" with strong fantasy color attracts readers' attention from the world to the sky, paving the way for the detailed description of "the market in the sky" below.
In the last three sections, the author uses imagination to describe the furnishings of Tianjie, the life of Cowherd and Weaver Girl and their current activities. The objective existence of the "fairyland", "Tianhe" and "meteor" conceived by the poet with imagination is so concrete and real: a beautiful market, where exotic goods can live, and a cowherd and a weaver girl ride cows and carry lanterns. In the poet's pen, myths and legends are perfectly integrated with the actual scene, which seems unreal and true, arouses readers' infinite reverie, follows the author's imagination and travels in fairyland, thus feeling the poet's beautiful feelings of pursuing ideals.
8, problem research:
(1) What picture does this poem depict?
Poetry describes the beautiful market in the sky and the free and happy life of the cowherd and the weaver girl.
(2) What method is used to depict this painting?
Association, imagination
(3) The author thinks of the stars from the street lamp in front of him. Is this association or imagination?
Lenovo.
Attention should be paid to distinguishing association from imagination. Association is a psychological process in which one thing thinks of another. Imagination is the process of creating a new image on the basis of the original perceptual image.
The author imagines the market in the sky from the stars and the free and happy life of the cowherd and the weaver girl from the market in the sky. The street lamps of the world reflect the darkness of the world. Poetry expresses the yearning for freedom and happiness and reflects the author's dissatisfaction with the dark reality.
(4) How does this poem gradually expand its imagination? What is the purpose of the poet's imagination?
A: The process of developing imagination step by step is:
street lamp
→ the market in the sky → the items displayed in the market in the sky → the freedom of the cowherd and the weaver girl.
star
(5) The author thinks of beautiful things such as streets and stars in the sky from the streets and street lamps on the earth. Isn't this imagination too exaggerated? Why do poets write like this?
A: The poet naturally associates the streets and street lamps on the earth with the streets in the sky. Under the clear night sky, Tianhe is really as shallow as a bay stream, and it doesn't look like it can fiercely block the cowherd and the weaver girl on both sides. So the author's whim-Cowherd and Weaver Girl wandering in the street-is reasonable. It should be said that the poet's series of associations and imaginations are based on real scenes and real life, reflecting the author's feelings and thoughts at a specific moment.
In addition, it should be noted that the stars in the sky are out of reach for the poet, and the street lamps on the ground are also a vision for the author. From the visual point of view, there is no obvious boundary between street lamps and stars, which is also the basis of the author's association.
(6) Question: Why is "far" used well?
Answer: "Yuan" accurately explains the distance between the poet and the street lamp, and "Yuan" is an overlapping word with rich phonological beauty.
(7) Why is it not good to change the street lamp from "now" to "on"? Are the stars bright during the day? )
Because the stars are always on. With the arrival of the night, the light of the stars appeared. There is a process from weak to strong. So "now" is better than "light".
(8) What do the last three paragraphs of the poem mean by "Ding" and "Ding"?
A: Both "affirmation" and "affirmation" express the tone of determination. What is described is obviously from imagination, but the author affirms it in a firm tone, which shows that the author firmly believes that such an ideal world exists and is full of confidence in a bright future, which makes us equally inspired and infected after reading it.
9. Theme: With the help of association and imagination, this poem depicts a free and beautiful street view in the sky, expresses the poet's belief in pursuing light, and also reflects the oppressed people's yearning for a better life.
10, recite the whole poem.
Quiet night
Cognitive goal: to cultivate the ability of association and imagination.
Targeted ability: draw lessons from the author's wonderful imagination and rich associations in future writing.
Emotional goal (moral education): cherish and love a better life. Understand the beauty of artistic conception, rhythm and emotion in poetry.
Learning focus: find out the strange fairyland described by the author.
Difficulties in learning: understanding the last two sentences of the poem. How to understand Jiao Ren's You Zhu?
Learning content:
Guo Moruo's Thoughts on a Quiet Night is ingenious, writing Moonlight, Pine Forest, White Clouds, Sparse Stars, Tianhe River and Sea Fog, so the author shows us a wonderful, psychedelic and vague beauty: the moon, stars, pearls and tears. Look at this poem-Christmas Eve.
Clear goal
Draw lessons from the author's wonderful imagination and rich association, and paint a strange fairyland.
(B) the overall perception
1. Read poems, sketch new words and perceive the whole poem as a whole.
(1) A New Word Shark Ji m: o
(2) New words: Cover it like a cage.
The lake is shrouded in a hazy morning mist. The moonlight hung over vilen.
2. Read the text with emotion to further understand poetry.
Reading guide:
(1) The emotional tone of this poem is similar to that of the last one. Try to read it first, and try to distinguish the rhythm and stress.
(2) When reading this poem, the rhythm should not be strong, the sound should not be loud, the speed should not be fast, and it should be gentle and soothing. The rhythm stress of the whole poem is divided as follows:
tranquil night
Moonlight/light
Shrouded in the village/outside the village/in the pine forest.
White clouds/clouds,
There is a leak/a few sparse stars.
Tianhe/where?
Distant/foggy/hazy.
I'm afraid there will be/Jiao Ren/cancellation,
On the moon/beads?
◆ Which of the above is realism and which is imagination?
A: Moonlight, outside the village, pine forests, white clouds, sparse stars, Tianhe, sea fog, Jiao Ren, the moon, villages, forests, clouds and stars are realistic. "The Pearl of Jiao Ren" is imagination.
3. Theme: Silent Night depicts a beautiful night scene of the moon, which is further associated with the myths and legends of Tianhe and shark tears, and reveals the poet's dissatisfaction and sadness with reality, his yearning and pursuit for a better life, and his deep attachment to the motherland.
(3) Beautiful poetry
The title of the poem is Silent Night, most of which are used to describe the quiet night scene:
Section 1 of the poem depicts a very ordinary picture-the moonlight is faint, and the pine forest outside the village is bathed in the moonlight; Clouds and stars are scattered in the sky, which is easy to see in people's daily life. Through poetry, readers seem to see the poet walking alone outside the house in the dead of night, casually looking at the faint moonlight, the dim forest shadow in the moonlight and the sparse stars leaking from the clouds.
If you continue to write this plain idea of scenery writing, it will be just a good poem of scenery writing at best. But at the beginning of the second section, the poet really asked, "Where is Tianhe?" -Broaden and enhance the realm of poetry, and bring readers' vision and mind into the vast universe. The author seems to want to lead the reader's thoughts to "concentrating on the eight poles" and "roaming in Wan Ren", and seems to want the reader to see the infinite depths of the starry night through the boundless darkness.
However, the following sentence "the sea fog in the distance is blurred" brings back the thoughts that readers have just put down. Fuzzy sea fog can block people's sight, but it can't stop the runaway wild horse imagination. At this point, the flying heart couldn't stop thinking for a long time-"I'm afraid there is Jiao Ren on the shore/on the moon?" This sentence perfectly proves that the poet's imagination has really crossed the vast sea fog, imagining that there is a "Jiao Ren" standing on the shore, silently shedding a string of pearl-like tears at the moon ... ("Jiao Ren" is it happy or sad? Or endless yearning? This left readers with endless aftertaste. )
This is a poem, this is Guo Moruo's poem! This is imagination, this is Guo Moruo's imagination! Without the imagination of the latter paragraph, the scenery of the former paragraph is dull and lifeless. With the imagination of the latter paragraph, the common scenery becomes ethereal and beautiful. What is particularly commendable is that although there are differences between realism and imagination in the first and second sections, they all write the word "quiet", and the atmosphere of the whole poem is harmonious and unified.
(4) Summary and expansion
Q: What are the artistic features of this poem?
Rich associations and strange imagination; The combination of real writing and virtual writing; Landscape-the foundation of imagination.
The structure of the poem Silent Night is very similar to that of Market in the Sky: both of them turn to the imaginary world on the basis of the previous scenery, so it is conceivable that if you only write about the scenery without writing about the imagination, there will be no finishing touch; If you don't write the scene and imagine it directly, it will appear abrupt and unnatural, like water without a source and a tree without a root. Only by mutual integration can we become an artistic whole and give people artistic beauty. Moreover, this is also in line with people's cognitive process. Only when you are exposed to what you have seen and heard can you feel something and further generate extensive and in-depth association and imagination. Therefore, in writing, they always have to contact their own life experiences to activate their imagination, so as to write extraordinary and wonderful articles.
(5) Homework: recite this poem (it is short, catchy, rhythmic, and must be recited. )
(6) After exercise book P 144
Examination questions of Guo Moruo's two poems
First, lay a solid foundation.
1.
(1) Guo Moruo, formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, was born in Leshan, Sichuan, and was a famous modern poet, scholar and playwright in China. As a scholar, he has made great achievements in history, archaeology and ancient philology. Guo Moruo is the founder of China's modern poetry. His first book of poetry was called Goddess. The two poems selected in the textbook are both from his second collection of poems, Starry Sky.
(2) In folklore, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl face each other across the river, and it is difficult to be together. However, Guo Moruo transformed the myth with his wonderful imagination in his poems: "You see, the shallow Tianhe is certainly not very broad. The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl crossing the river will surely ride the cow. " This poem reposes the author's yearning for freedom, beauty and happiness.
2. Multiple choice problem
(1) Point out which of the following sentences is association and which is imagination?
A. The street lamp in the distance is very clear, as if there are countless stars flashing.
B: I think there must be a beautiful market in the empty sky.
C. You see, the shallow Tianhe is definitely not very wide.
D: I think they must be wandering in Tianjie at the moment.
E. If you don't believe me, please look at that meteor. They are walking with lanterns.
F. Where is the Tianhe River? The sea fog in the distance is blurred. Afraid of Jiao Ren on the shore?
★ Lenovo poems a and e; Imaginary poems b, c, d, e, f
(2) Point out the sentence (D) in which the rhythm division and stress judgment are wrong in the following poems.
A: I think there must be a beautiful market in the ethereal sky.
B: Look,/That shallow/Tianhe must be/not very/wide.
C. Tianhe/where? Distant/foggy/hazy.
D. Afraid/will/Jiao Ren go ashore, facing the moon/floating beads?
Second, advanced ability.
1. Multiple choice problem
(1) Point out the correct poetic understanding of the market in the sky (C)
A. The author connects real life with the beautiful life in Tianjie and expresses his love for life.
B. By describing the beautiful life in Tianjie, the author tells readers that this is just an ethereal fantasy and expresses his depression.
C. Through the description of Tianjie's beautiful life, it shows the hatred of the dark reality and the yearning for the ideal life, and inspires people to struggle to realize this ideal.
D. Through the description of Tianjie's beautiful life, it shows the author's rejection and escape from the real dark life.
2. Topic analysis
(1) "I think there must be a beautiful market in the empty air. Some items displayed on the market are definitely rare in the world. " Is there a contradiction between "I want to" and "must" in the poem? Why?
A: No contradiction. The word "I think" shows that the following is the poet's subjective imagination rather than realism, which means yearning for the ideal; Next, when writing imagination, I used two "affirmations" to express the poet's persistent belief and pursuit of the ideal world.
Third, expand thinking.
1. problem analysis
(1) "The street lamp in the distance is very clear, as if there are countless stars shining. The stars in the sky appear as if they are lighting countless street lamps. " These two poems, which are different from each other, have a unique charm. Tell me how you feel.
A: These two poems are novel in association, symmetrical in wording and sentences, slow in rhythm, harmonious and melodious in tone, and pleasant and smooth in feelings. "Street lamp" and "star" constitute a metaphorical relationship, which set each other off and create a wonderful artistic conception full of fantasy and poetry.
(2) "The street lamps in the distance are all on now, as if countless stars were lit. The stars in the sky are clear, as if flashing countless street lamps. " If you change the original poem like this, will you? Why?
A: This change will not work. The street lamp lights up in the dark, and the word "bright" just means that its light is continuous and stable; The stars were originally "flashing", but they quietly "appeared" against the background of the night. These two groups of words are used accurately and naturally by poets, but in turn, they mean a complete change.
(3) Compared with Silent Night, the former poem is more clear and persistent in thoughts and feelings, while the latter poem shows more sadness and emptiness. In the two poems, some words seem to be vague opposites. Try to write down your findings.
Ex.: Definitely-afraid of meeting.
(1) Countless stars-some sparse stars (or "moonlight")
(2) Shallow Tianhe-the distant sea fog is blurred (or' where is Tianhe')
(3) Riding a bull (or Wandering in the Street)-floating beads on the moon (or Jiao Ren on the Shore).
I think/they/at present,
I'm sure/I'm/I'm/I'm wandering around the street.
Don't believe,/look/that meteor,
It's them/carrying lanterns/walking.