Hello, I'm Coco.
Who doesn't want to be handsome and brave,
What about a romantic and loyal lover?
In the All-England Knight Competition, the young knight was very brave. He defeated several opponents with his sword and finally won. At the moment of public attention, he proudly greeted the stands and proposed to the king's daughter on behalf of the Lord. The beautiful princess lifted her veil happily and heard this. The two men looked at each other without joy, but were shocked. "How are you? ! "
The knight's name is Tristan and the princess's name is isolde. She is called "Isode Blonde" because of her incomparable beauty and blonde hair. The story happened in the Middle Ages, before Romeo and Juliet.
After the collapse of the Roman Empire, the English separatist regime split and King Mark intended to unify. Tristan lost his father when he was young and grew up under his care. In a battle with Ireland, he was seriously injured and saved by Isolde. They had a secret love, but because of hostility, both of them concealed their true identities.
People who love each other always think that they can be together for a long time, but they don't know the fate, but they are ruthless.
Tristan returned to England after being injured, and was sent to the championship by King Mark, begging to marry the Irish princess. This is the opening scene. Their hearts ached when they learned the true identities of both sides. But for the sake of tribal peace and nurturing, a pair of lovers can only reluctantly give up what they love. The princess had no choice but to agree to political marriage and marry England far away.
However, I don't know what happened, and that kind of unforgettable love is basically the same. Even if they try to restrain themselves, they still love each other because the water is still flowing, although we cut it off with our swords.
Finally, driven by guilt and responsibility, Tristan abandoned his love and went to the battlefield, seriously injured and dying. Isolde was heartbroken and died with his lover.
Tristan and isolde is one of the most famous love stories in the Middle Ages. Tristan and Juliet are called the two great love tragedies in Europe. Later, it was included in The Tales of King Arthur by the British writer Thomas (published in 1485) and became a famous love story in knight legend.
Since the Middle Ages, this sad love has touched countless people, and many versions have been circulated among the people. Constantly appearing in later generations' poetry, painting, novel, drama and film creation, the most famous presentation in modern times, except Wagner's opera of the same name, is Edmund Blair Leiden's painting Tristan and isolde.
Edmund Blair Leiden, Tristan and isolde.
As one of Leiden's most famous knight paintings, this painting depicts the scene of two people trysting in the garden. Create vivid characters and story scenes with bright colors and meticulous details; The contrast between bright and dark light sources suggests the strong inner color of the characters.
Isolde is as beautiful as a flower. She sat on her knee and was in a happy mood. Tristan tapped the strings and poured out her heart to this beautiful woman. The two were immersed in tenderness, unaware that King Mark was coming from behind, and a tragedy was irreparable.
1
Ode to a romantic knight: painter Leiden's medieval feelings
In an English magazine of 1922, there is a short obituary:
"Edmund? Blair. Mr. Leiden died on September 1, and a painter left us forever. Although he failed to reach a higher level in art, he made immortal contributions to helping the public appreciate classical legends and ensuring people's love. "
Edmund Blair Leighton (1852- 1922)
Edmund Blair Leiden was a famous Victorian painter. Influenced by18-19th century art school and retro trend of thought, most of his works are based on knight themes and historical stories, depicting many classic stories and legends related to knights, princesses and aristocratic women, and he is known as the master of knight themes in the Middle Ages.
Leiden's How Lisa Fell in Love with the King | The story comes from decameron. Lisa thought of King petrosyan of argon. On her deathbed, she asked a musician to convey her love. Finally, the king was deeply moved and promised to be her knight for life.
Leiden's crisis moment
Leiden was born into a painter's family and became famous at a young age. His paintings have been regularly exhibited at the Royal Academy of Art for many years. His painting style is influenced by pre-Raphael, academic classicism and aestheticism. His works are full of gorgeous, dreamy and mysterious breath. He creates a romantic and beautiful picture effect with bright colors, smooth lines and rich details, which is pleasing to the eye.
Leiden, Tristan and isolde.
Like many works of the pre-Raphaelites, his knight stories opened the imagination of classical romanticism for the ordinary people in the19th century.
In Leiden's The King and the Beggar, 1898 |, the king kneels down to propose marriage and presents a crown to the beggar. This story comes from a medieval poem. King Kovtua fell in love with the beggar Penny luo feng at first sight, and she didn't want to marry him.
In addition to the knight theme, Leiden also created a large number of works of Victorian life scenes, fixing the elegance of the new era and the world situation in his paintings. His works were deeply loved by collectors at that time, most of them were privately made, and many of them were world-recognized masterpieces.
Leiden, Guan/elopement on the left/right
His works not only present a strong narrative sense, but also leave a free imagination space for the viewer to establish a dialogue with the characters in the painting through time and space.
The Kiss of the Princess by Leiden | Chatier was a famous French poet in the Middle Ages. He got a kiss from Princess Margaret because it promoted her marriage, which is a very high praise.
Elaine by Leiden)| From The Legend of the Knights of the Round Table, the noble girl Elaine died in Smolenslow.
Through Leiden's brush, medieval times, poets' poems, love romance in knight literature, sad whispers of ladies, loyal and brave knight romance are all presented to the world.
2
Knight culture and Victorian revival
Compared with the dark Middle Ages in the eyes of historians, the Middle Ages in works of art are often full of mysterious and romantic reverie, as Leiden's paintings show: heroic knights, princes, princesses, castles and valleys, bards and idylls, which is an epic existence.
It was the heroic age of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. Wearing armor and holding swords, they showed great courage. They are elegant, humble and elegant; They are loyal, keep their promises and fight for honor; Respect each other, help each other, treat friends sincerely and love them until death do us part.
Chivalry led them to a brilliant life.
They were the stars sought after by everyone at that time, and they were also the legends that everyone was keen on in later generations. In that war-torn era of relying on force, knights adhered to chivalry and code of conduct, followed their own conscience and refused to return. This kind of moral character in the classical era is what the world yearns for, and it is also the reason why knight culture has spread to this day.
Leiden's Shadow
The origin of knights is the cavalry system in medieval Europe, and the identity ceremony originated from the Germanic adult custom. When a man comes of age, he will hold a ceremony to accept the weapons given by his leader or father and formally become a soldier.
Europe in the Middle Ages was divided for a long time, and wars were frequent. Knights are the leading force on the battlefield, directly loyal to the king. For a long time, knights in armor and armed with swords and shields roamed the land of Central Europe, enjoying special honors and privileges.
To be a knight, you need to start training at an early age. Noble children generally start to be waiters and receive knight training from the age of 7; /kloc-started to be a knight's attendant at the age of 0/4, learning equestrian and fighting techniques; 2 1 year-old will be officially knighted and start a brilliant life.
The canonization ceremony is the most solemn moment for a knight. The Lord or king, or the knight attending the ceremony, slaps the shoulder and neck with the sword face three times to perform the "sword face hitting shoulder ceremony", which is the symbolic link of the canonization ceremony, and then the sworn knight takes the oath.
"I will be kind to the weak! I will bravely face the strong enemy! I will fight for those who can't! I will help those who need help! I won't hurt women and children! I will help my knight brother! I will treat my friends faithfully! I will treat love sincerely! " (knight oath)
The conferment of Leiden, 190 1 | The man in armor knelt down respectfully, and the queen with the crown stood in front of the throne, solemnly putting a sword on her shoulder, and made a knighthood ceremony for her. Next to it is a group of witnesses, including the attendants of underage knights, old knights and monks, who are all staring at this sacred moment.
The core of chivalrous culture is chivalry. As the knight vows, he is not afraid of strong enemies, brave and loyal, would rather die than surrender, protect the weak, and do not violate heaven. This noble moral standard and code of conduct can be summarized into eight virtues, such as humility, honor, loyalty and courage, which the knight takes as the criterion all his life.
Chivalry, as a status honor, transcends power, status and all other worldly affairs. Therefore, both nobles and kings are proud to be knights.
Leiden's "Fast" | Armored Knight is about to go out, and the well-dressed woman is reluctant to say goodbye. She tied a carefully embroidered red silk scarf on the knight's arm and prayed that her lover would return home in triumph.
Love is an eternal proposition in knight literature. The legend of knights is always more deeply rooted in people's hearts because of touching love. It is said that the word love was originally called "knight's love", which means "supreme love" Knight's love is a kind of spiritual love, loyal love. Good and warm, unrequited love till death do us part, it is simply the existence of the hero of the idol drama.
From the Middle Ages to 2 1 century, who wouldn't want to have such a handsome, brave and romantic lover?
Love, in fact, must be another important reason for the enduring chivalrous legend.
Whether it is chivalry or chivalry love, medieval chivalry culture and values have deeply influenced the whole of Europe. Especially in the changing times, today when social morality and secularism are changing rapidly, this classical humanistic spirit has been praised and missed by the world again and again.
This is why/kloc-the British in the 0/9th century, living in a powerful empire that never falls, are still keen on the medieval knight legend written by artists.
The Victorian era in which the painter Leiden lived was the golden age of England. The industrial revolution is in full swing, the tide of science and technology is surging, the world wealth is pouring in, and the economy, culture, industry, science and technology and national strength are in full swing, which is unprecedented in prosperity and development. It's really flowers with brocade, and fire cooks oil.
On the one hand, the rich life makes the upper and middle classes pursue the ultimate aesthetics; On the other hand, the industrial revolution and the rise of the bourgeoisie have brought about the destruction of the old order, followed by a crisis of morality and belief, and society has become more and more utilitarian.
People constantly innovate and reflect in the great changes, and various ideological trends and literary schools emerge one after another, such as neoclassicism, romanticism, retro trend and so on. Knight culture is also remembered and revived by people because of classical spirit and humanistic morality.
The revival of this cultural trend of thought is not so much a review of history and culture as a transition period of an era, because of dissatisfaction with secular changes, it turned to yearn for the distant spirit of medieval culture and seek ideal sustenance.
How can the virtues, character and beliefs of those classical times not be remembered and traced back when the world is getting worse and worse?
three
From Knight to Gentleman: Cultural Inheritance of Chivalry
The golden age of knights was the Crusades. Under the call of the Holy See, knights were formed all over the country to join the jihad. In the light of faith and glory, knights become the embodiment of justice. These knights had a far-reaching influence on the political structure of later generations in Europe.
The pilgrimage of Edmund Blair Leiden
In the late Middle Ages, European countries also successively created court knights headed by monarchs, such as the Guardian Knights and the Golden Wool Knights. These knights are purely aristocratic organizations of the court, representing the ancient royal order and identity glory, and some of them have been handed down from generation to generation.
Queen Elizabeth II's Guardian Medal | The highest medal in Britain, Edward III founded the British Guardian Medal in 1348. The medal consists of a golden flower knot and a rose medal, engraved with the motto "those who have evil thoughts are ashamed", and the St. George's dragon riding badge is hung below.
Golden Wool Medal | duke of burgundy Philippe III le Bon founded the Knight Medal made by the Golden Wool Order in 1430. It is the leading knight in Europe, and the Golden Wool Order still has decorated members.
With the mercenary system and the use of new tactics such as longbow and artillery, cavalry gradually lost its dominant position on the battlefield, and the knight system also declined. In the late Middle Ages, the social structure changed, the aristocratic rights were weakened by the royal power, and the chivalrous class finally left sadly.
In modern times, the aristocratic class declined, and chivalry gradually evolved into a gentleman's character and became a spiritual culture respected by the public. Gentleman's demeanor, developed from chivalry, has become an idealized code of conduct for men, thus creating the humanistic spirit of modern Britain.
British historian Johan Huizinga once said: "Although the introduction of gunpowder shattered the chivalry class, the idealized chivalry embodied by medieval knights was preserved in modern western culture."
/kloc-British "gentlemen" in the 0/9th century are polite, modest and steady, knowledgeable, calm and brave, respect women, and have a little British humor. From spirit to temperament, the image of a gentleman who keeps his manners has since swept the world.
The Middle Ages have long since disappeared, and the Victorian era has passed. In 2 1 century, things changed. Only chivalry is everywhere, and the long-standing tradition is still endless.
When people say that women are the priority, the "round table" is still popular all over the world, and the fashion and design circles continue to inject contemporary design inspiration into chivalry ... These traditions from chivalry have become a virtue, an expectation and a cultural idol that people have been promoting.
The so-called legend is tens of millions of people. I'm leaving. Just like at the end of Game of Thrones, Zhan Mu, the Golden Lion Knight, went to the castle to find Cersei alone. When the city fell, she fell from the peak of power. In the most desperate moment, even though she was spurned by everyone, he still practiced the knight's oath and guarded his beloved until death do us part.
The game of power has become a dark cloud of history from generation to generation, and only chivalry will last forever. The legend of knights and ladies also lasted for a long time.
Bian Xiao | Cocoa
Collect data and organize reports
Original title: Knight Legend: What about the game of thrones? After all, the legends of knights and ladies are more popular.
Read the original text