1, symbol
Borrowing a specific image to imply a specific person or thing to express sincere feelings and profound implications is called symbol.
Function: First, express abstract things as concrete and perceptible images. Second, it has profound implications and can enrich people's associations.
Thinking is thought-provoking and makes people feel infinite artistic conception.
For example:
(1) Two orioles singing green willows and a row of egrets flying into the sky. The window contains "Autumn Snow in Xiling" and the door is moored with "Soochow Wan Li Ship".
(Du Fu's quatrains)
(2) "Snow" overwhelms the winter clouds and flowers bloom for a while. The "cold current" is surging in the high sky, and only heroes drive "tigers and leopards", not to mention heroes who are afraid of "bears". It is not surprising that "plum blossoms" are happy in the snow and freeze to death.
For example, the kite in "Kite Finding Friends" symbolizes the lonely and confused people who are constantly looking for real friends in the real society. The attitude of the sun and the moon towards kites also symbolizes the attitude of some people towards friendship and love. The friendship, enthusiasm and equal treatment of the little stars to their friends also embodies the author's ideal of love.
children
The symbol of words is expressed through fairy tale images or all the activities of characters or even the whole story content. Life reflected in fairy tales is not people's actual life itself. Symbolic characters and things in fairy tales are similar to images.
People and things are similar to each other in a certain feature, but they are by no means appropriate and consistent in any sense. We can't simply bring the characteristics, actions, language or some details of fairy tales to the society.
It is a metaphysical method, speculating or analogizing in life, thinking that there must be something, so as to judge who an image represents, what a plot alludes to, and even relate to certain political concepts and class relations.
Method, which has brought great harm to China's fairy tale creation. In fact, the symbolic images in fairy tales can only summarize a certain feature, but not all the symbolized things. It should be described from the image, character and narrative created by fairy tales.
The whole meaning of this story. Look at the theme of this fairy tale, see what it praises, satirizes, hints and exposes, and see if the author grasps the important characteristics of some people and things to symbolize it.
Naturally, it depends on whether the symbolism he uses has positive significance, so as to correctly understand the symbolic significance of fairy tales.
Step 2 cause
Definition: In order to highlight the main things, use similar things or negative and different things as a foil. This expression of "seeing the moon through the clouds" is called foil. The use of foil technique can highlight or render the subject, make its image more vivid and give people a deep feeling. For example:
As the saying goes, "Although peony is good, it needs green leaves to support it." Matching things A (object) and B (subject) is a foil.
Things A are clearer, more vivid and more prominent because of things B 。
The contrast can be divided into positive contrast and negative contrast. Positive contrast refers to setting off the depicted things with similar things, such as setting off the heights with heights and setting them off well.
Example (1): The water in Taohuatan is deeper than that in thousands of feet and not as good as that in Wang Lun. For Wang Lun, Li Bai (the water depth of Taohuatan deepened the friendship with Wang Lun).
Contrast refers to the use of opposite or different things to set off the depicted things, such as short to set off high and bad to set off good.
Ex. (2): He is very young, but he has a great reputation.
Example (3):
Seagulls fly in the sea, the rumbling thunder scares the sea ducks, penguins timidly hide their fat bodies under the cliff ... Only the proud petrel flies bravely and freely in the sea without foam. Gorky, Haiyan) Haiyan's bravery is set off by the cowardice of sea ducks and penguins. )
Use otherness to contrast the noumenon from two angles. Function: Highlight the xx characteristics of ontology.
Step 3 compare
Contrast is a method of comparing two opposite or opposite things, or two opposites of the same thing (such as calling a sentence a rhetorical method). The function of contrast is to make the good look better and the bad look worse.
Comparison between two bodies is to compare and contrast two opposite and antagonistic characters and things together, such as:
Some people are alive and he is dead; Some people died, and he is still alive. (Some people in Cang Kejia)
(2) A warrior with shortcomings turns out to be a warrior, and a perfect fly is just a fly.
These two cases are the contrast of two personalities. For example, through comparison, it is more obvious that Mr. Lu Xun is great and the reactionary ruler is small, which can arouse our feelings of love and hate. For example, through comparison, we affirm and praise revolutionary soldiers who uphold the truth, and deny and reprimand reactionary slaves who slander the revolution. Another example is:
(3) The wine in Zhumen stinks and there are frozen bones on the road. (Du Fu's "From Beijing to Fengxian, reciting 500 words")
(4) A load of charcoal, more than a thousand Jin, will not be spared by the imperial envoys. Half a horse with red stripes and silk stripes is completely charcoal-pointing straight at the bull's head. (Bai Juyi's Charcoal Man)
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Two cases are the contrast of two things. Example 3 expresses the poet's anger at the ruler's extravagance and waste and sympathy for the people's tragic experience through comparison; It shows us the sharp class contradiction and opposition in feudal society.
"A car with more than a thousand kilograms of charcoal" means that there are many things, and "half a horse is a foot of silk" means that it is of little value. The comparison between them reveals the predatory nature of the court market and shows the poet's sympathy for the sufferings of the people.
Double-sided comparison is to compare and contrast the opposite or opposite sides of a thing together.
For example:
These people have Marxism and liberalism: they talk about Marxism and practice liberalism; Marxism for the people; Be tolerant of yourself.
He rubbed his hand on Bao Xiao's "monk's head", and his old heart, numb by poverty, became furious and gave birth to new hope.
Our soldiers are so cruel to the enemy, but they are so kind to the Korean people and full of deep internationalist feelings. (Wei Wei, who is the cutest person)
(4) From the point of view of taking the main leadership responsibility, if there are 100 to 200 comrades in our party who study Marxism-Leninism systematically, not piecemeal, practically and not empty, it will greatly improve our party's combat effectiveness, ... (China Mao Zedong, the position of the producers in the national war)
this
Some examples, example (1) very specifically criticized the two sides of liberals; (2) highlighting "new hope" with an "old" mentality; Example (3) Raise two diametrically opposite attitudes of volunteer soldiers and praise the love and hate of our soldiers.
Ming; Comparing the two opposing concepts of "system" and "fragmentary" and "reality" and "emptiness", we say that on the one hand, it is negative, on the other hand, it is positive, and our views are more distinct and the significance is more prominent.
The difference between contrast and contrast: contrast is the relative of AB, and the status of these two things is equal, regardless of primary and secondary; Set-off is to describe B in order to highlight A, in which A is dominant and B is secondary.
4, borrow scenery lyric
correct
When you feel something about a scene or an objective thing, you put the feelings and ideas you want to express in this scene and express them by describing this scene. This way of expressing emotion is called borrowing scenery or borrowing things to express emotion. In my opinion,
In China's ancient poems, pine, bamboo, plum, orchid, willow, stone, stream, desert, ancient road, border, sunset, jathyapple, breeze, drizzle and grass are often used by poets to express their feelings, such as Bai Juyi's "wildfire never quite consumes them"
Finally, Spring Breeze is High expresses his irresistible natural law with the tenacious struggle of "grass on the original", and expresses the author's sincere thoughts and feelings by describing concrete and vivid natural scenes or life scenes.
Function: Blending the scene into one, making the article full of poetry and painting.
5. Restrain before promoting: first deny or belittle the image of things, then dig deep into the characteristics and inner meaning of things, and then affirm and praise things.
Function: Highlight the characteristics of objects (people).
6. Side (indirect) description: The side highlights the xx character, conduct and skills of the characters, which makes the article more concentrated and compact in structure and concise in expression.
The combination of direct description and indirect description can make the characteristics of the characters or scenery described more distinct and prominent.
7, bedding and bedding
Foreshadowing: "foreshadowing" is a common expression in writing. It can be understood that the previous article is an ambush clue of the latter article, and it can also be understood as a hint from the top to the bottom. Its advantage is implicit, which makes the structure of the article compact, and readers will not feel abrupt doubt when reading the following content.
Pay attention to the application of foreshadowing:
(1) Fu Bing, if you mentioned guns at the beginning, you should mention shooting in the second or third paragraph. No falling should not be a failure, only falling should not be a failure.
(2) The bedding should be clever and not deliberately revealed. The foreshadowing is invisible to others, and should be written naturally as popular on the water.
(3) foreshadowing should be taken care of, not too close before and after. If the front and back bedding is too dense, it will make the article look dull and boring to read.
Function: give consideration to the content before and after, and the plot is seamlessly connected.
Cutout: Cutout is one of the methods to create conditions for the appearance of main characters or the occurrence of major events. (1) matting is the characteristic of the main plot. (2) The foreshadowing is the function of the main plot. Maturing is the cornerstone of the main plot, which can increase the tension of the plot and make it reasonable.
8, metasomatism and guardianship
Interpretation and quotation refer to the connection between contents, which is an important method to make a chapter complete and thorough. A good chapter should not only pay attention to the cohesion between paragraphs, but also pay attention to the explanation and quotation before and after.
transmit
Generation means that somewhere in front gives a proper explanation for what will happen later to avoid appearing too suddenly later; Caring means that somewhere behind makes the necessary response to what has been explained before, so as to avoid what has been explained before.
Did not land. Only when there is explanation before and care after can the chapter be thorough and complete. If you don't care after writing in front, it will make the explanation invalid and redundant. On the contrary, if the front does not explain the back, it will make
It feels sudden and hard to understand. Here are some common explanations and nursing methods.
One is content and topic concern. The content and theme of a chapter care for each other, or reveal the meaning of the title, or highlight the center of the chapter. This concern is sometimes at the beginning, sometimes at the end, and sometimes at any time in the whole article. For example, Zhu Ziqing's "Green at the beginning and end twice:
The second time I went to Xianyan, I was amazed at the green of plum rain pool (at the beginning).
The second time I went to Xianyan, I couldn't help but marvel at the green of Meiyu Pool. (End)
Plum rain pool's green color was highlighted at the beginning, and punctuation was added at the end to express praise and surprise for green color. For example, Peng Jingfeng's "Pear Blossom in the Post Road" was written several times:
Walking, he suddenly pointed to the front and shouted, "Look, pear flower!" " "White pear blossoms are full of branches. What a beautiful pear forest! ……
This is the first time to write pear flowers in Nature, which fits the topic.
"I asked around about the owner of the hut ... there is a Hani girl named Lihua on the opposite mountain. ...
This is the second time, from the pear flower in nature to the Hani girl named pear flower, point out the main characters of the article and take care of the topic again.
That night, I slept soundly and walked dreamily in the fragrant pear blossom forest, and saw a Hani girl in a flowered shirt singing in the pear blossom. ...
This is the third time, the pear flower in nature is combined with a little girl named pear flower.
I looked at this group of energetic Hani girls and white pears, and I couldn't help thinking of a poem: "Pear blossoms are everywhere on the post road."
This is the fourth time, and a poem is quoted at the end, with a pun on "pear flower" to point out the meaning of the topic. This kind of care at any time makes the article clear.
One is the concern for the ending and the beginning. If the ending and the beginning are handled well, the whole article can become an organic whole. There are many examples of this concern, such as Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond:
These days, language and application occupy and take care of my heart. Sitting in the yard to enjoy the cool tonight, I suddenly remembered that the lotus pond passing by every day should look different under the full moon. The moon rises gradually, and the laughter of the children on the road outside the wall is no longer audible. My wife is bouncing around the room, humming a sleepy song. I slipped on my big shirt and took the door out. (start)
Thinking like this, I suddenly looked up and felt that it was my own door; Gently push the door in. There is no sound. My wife has been sleeping for a long time. (End)
open
My head is uneasy from my heart, and I think of the lotus pond I pass every day. I wrote "My wife is humming to sleep", and I wrote "Running out of the door". Finally, he said that he had unconsciously reached the door, "gently pushed the door in" and "his wife has been sleeping for a long time" to take care of Zhou.
Mi Wuhan's talk about modesty begins with the motto "Modesty is beneficial, and it is full of losses" and ends with the motto "Modesty makes people progress, and pride makes people lag behind". It is not only a formal motto, but also a mutual care and supplement in content, which makes people stay.
Leave a vivid impression.
There is also a care before writing and after writing. Explain the front first, or put it another way, or explain the end, so that the content has depth. For example, Lu Xun's Mr. Fujino wrote in front:
At this time, a dark-skinned gentleman with a moustache, glasses and a large and small stack of books came in. As soon as he put the book on the platform, he introduced himself to the students in a slow and cadence tone. ...
Finally, he said:
Whenever I am tired at night and want to be lazy, I catch a glimpse of his black and thin face under the light, as if to say something cadence. ...
front
First introduce the appearance and tone, and then say that they push themselves and take care of them. Another example is Lu Xun's "Remembrance of Forgetting". When I saw Bai Mang for the second time, I said, "I gave him two of my hidden collections." this is
Explain. When we met for the third time, we first said that Rou Shi told him that the book was confiscated, and then we said that "I" felt "regret". What was the final instruction, the origin of the book and the reason for regret. These are all concerns.
Sometimes,
Take care of the same or similar words or sentences before and after, so that the words before and after the text are constantly and completely broken. For example, Lu Xun's "Blessing" was written at the end of the lunar calendar, pointing out that "I" returned to Luzhen on this day, and then wrote Luzhen's.
Bless the scene and finally say, "Anyway, I am determined to leave tomorrow." Then, introduce Sister Xianglin with "Besides" and describe my last meeting with Sister Xianglin. After the narrative, repeat: "No matter.
Anyway, I'm determined to leave tomorrow. "The same sentence before and after not only emphasizes the semantic focus, but also makes the text level clear and the meaning expression continuous.
9. Lenovo (brand name of computer)
The psychological activity of thinking about related things because of one thing; Think of other related people or things because of someone or something; One concept leads to other related concepts.
Bing Xin's "Going to the Country and the Last Rest": "She thinks Tweety is the loveliest and most pitiful person. At the same time, she thinks of countless suffering people in the world, so she regards Tweety as the representative of suffering people and gives her old age and comfort. "
Ba Jin's Truth Collection: "I'm not here to comment on movies. I just want to talk about my ideological activities after watching "Little Street" and some associations that this film has caused me. "
There are many ways of association.
Association means that when one thing is similar to another, it often leads to association with another thing. If you associate the memory materials with what you have experienced, the memory effect will be good.
1)
Similar association: thinking of other similar things or phenomena from one thing or phenomenon, and then generating some new ideas. For example, dung beetles and cultivators. There was a Yao man in Sichuan who happened to find that dung beetles could roll one.
The earth is several times heavier than itself, but it can't pull much lighter soil. He has been driving a tractor for several years. He thought: Can you learn from dung beetles's method of rolling clods and put the tractor's plow on the cultivator?
In front of the force, put the tractor's power plow behind? After experiments, he designed a micro-tiller with a single track except the working parts before ploughing, which used driving force instead of traction and broke through the traditional structure.
2)
Proximity association: Associating according to the proximity of things in space or time, and then generating a new thinking mode. For example, when Su Dongpo was a local official in Hangzhou, many areas of the West Lake had been
Mud piled up and became the so-called "fertile land" at that time. Su Dongpo visited the West Lake many times and repeatedly considered how to dredge it to reproduce the beauty of the West Lake. One day, he thought, if the mud dug out of the lake is piled into a continuous line,
The long dike connecting the north and the south not only facilitates the tourists coming and going, but also adds the scenic spots and beautiful scenery of the West Lake. How nice! Su Gong's clever plan kills several birds with one stone.
3) Comparison and association: It is based on the differences or mutual existence between things.
Associating the opposite situations together produces a new way of thinking. For example, an American bushnell found several children playing with an insect. The insect was not only covered in mud and dirt, but also very ugly, he thought.
The market is full of beautiful toys. What if some ugly toys are produced and put on the market? As a result, these toys brought huge profits.
Function: enrich the content of the article, make the characters fuller, the personality more distinct and prominent, and the plot more vivid and touching.
10, imagination
Definition:
A. Interpretation in general psychology: Imagination is a psychological process in which people process and re-select images stored in their minds to form new images. This is a special form of thinking. Imagination is closely related to thinking, which belongs to an advanced cognitive process. They are all generated from problem situations, driven by individual needs, and can foresee the future.
B Psychology refers to the psychological process of creating a new image through new cooperation on the basis of perceptual materials.
It can also be understood as coming up with a concrete image of something that is not in front of you; Imagine that. For example, it is not difficult to imagine/imagine.
C. Imagination is a psychological process in which people process the materials provided by memory in their minds to create new images. That is, people combine some temporary connections that have been formed in past experiences. It is a unique reflection of human beings on the objective world. We can break through the shackles of time and space and reach the realm of "thinking for a thousand years" and "magical power Wan Li".
Type:
A. Imagination can be divided into involuntary imagination and random imagination.
Unconscious imagination is imagination without a predetermined purpose and plan. Dreams are extreme examples of unconscious imagination. Arbitrary imagination is a conscious imagination with a predetermined purpose.
B according to the creative degree of imagination, it can be divided into recreating imagination and creating imagination.
Reconstruction of imagination means that the subject reproduces the appearance of objective things in his mind on the basis of experience and memory; Creating imagination is not only to reproduce ready-made things, but also to create a brand-new image.
Artistic imagination in literary creation belongs to creative imagination, which is the main form of thinking in images. It exists in the whole process, that is, writers mobilize their accumulated life experience according to certain guiding ideology, carry out creative processing, and then form a new and complete artistic image.
Fairy tale creation is inseparable from imagination, and the fantasy image in fairy tale creation is the product of creative imagination. Reading more fairy tales helps to cultivate children's imagination.
Function: Serve the image, express the theme, and make readers accept the influence of beauty.
1 1, line drawing skills
Line drawing is a technique of Chinese painting, which means that when depicting figures and flowers, the outline of the object is outlined with colorless ink lines, which is called "single line flat drawing". It originated from the ancient "line drawing".
In literary creation, "line drawing", as a method of expression, refers to drawing vivid images with the most concise pen and ink without comparison. China's excellent classical novels, such as Water Margin and Romance of the Three Kingdoms, are all drawn by lines. There are also many examples of using line drawing techniques in Lu Xun's works.
Sketch requires the use of minimalist language to describe the characteristics of the scene and reflect the author's feelings.
such as
The beginning of Lu Xun's hometown: "Since it's late winter, it's gloomy when approaching his hometown. The cold wind blew into the cabin, and I looked out from the gap in the canopy. Across the yellow world were several desolate villages.
No vitality. "A few words, a few strokes, not only captured the gloomy winter sky in my hometown of Yuan Ye; And between the lines reveals the deep sadness contained in the author's heart.
The narrative uses the technique of line drawing, which makes people feel that the lines are clear and concise.
For example, in The Scholars, Jin Fan wrote a post saying, "... I watched it again and again, clapped my hands and said with a smile:' Alas! All right! I won! As he spoke, he fell down, gritting his teeth and unconscious. "The author captures the movements of the characters and vividly describes the development of the situation.
Describing a character in a simple way can reveal the appearance and demeanor of the character in a few sentences, so that readers can see his true colors.
Such as Lu Xun's Kong Yiji, "the figure is very tall; Blue and white face, often with some scars between wrinkles; A messy gray beard ","although wearing a gown, it is dirty and torn, as if it has not been mended or washed for more than ten years. " These descriptions are like using a few ink lines and simple strokes to reveal characteristics and convey grace.
I like painting, whether it is meticulous or colored ink, whether it is watercolor or oil painting, it can form its own system and have its own characteristics; The line drawing technique in literary creation is not mutually exclusive with other techniques.
12, actual situation
What is the emptiness and reality of ancient poetry?
What is empty? That is, empty, nothing; What is reality? That is truth and reality.
A country in the Zhou dynasty
Joe analyzed the combination of truth and falsehood in China's ancient poems from the traditional expression of "Fu, Bi and Xing", and expounded the dialectical relationship between truth and falsehood. He said in the poem "Poems Around the Furnace": "Bixing is an empty sentence, and Fu is a real sentence. If there is a match, the true sentence becomes.
Living sentences, extremely prosperous, empty sentences become dead sentences. " There are also people who say, "The articles can't be done, but they can't be done. Ya Song Duo Fu is actually made, which is more coquettish than exciting, and it is empty. Many Tang poems are coquettish, so it is wonderful. "
Poetry theory
Virtual and real usually include four connotations: 1, and real refers to the entity image described by the poet; Virtual refers to the blank image implied by the entity image. 2. Reality refers to the objective and tangible object image; Deficiency refers to subjective and intangible work.
Dynamic. 3. Truth refers to specific description; Virtual refers to abstract discussion. 4. Real refers to the fundus scene; Virtual refers to the scenery in your mind. In short, seeing is believing and thinking is virtual; It's already true, and it's empty before it happens; There, look up, look down
Reality, thinking for thousands of years, can be seen in Wan Li, such as Mao Zedong's "Qinyuanchun"? Xue: "Mountain Dancing Silver Snake, Original Wax Elephant" is a real scene; "It must be a sunny day, see plain clothes wrapped in a red dress" is a virtual scene. Another example is "operator? Yongmei: "I have already hung up. "
The cliff is a hundred feet of ice, and there are still beautiful flowers. "This is a real scene" when the flowers bloom, she laughs in the bushes "is a false scene. Most of the false scenes in his old man's poems are images before they happen.
13, personal data description
One side, one side
Description, also called indirect description, means that in literary creation, the author expresses the object to be described by describing the people or environment around him, making it stand out, that is, indirectly portraying the object to be described.
At that time, the characterization in literary works mostly used the method of positive description, that is, directly through the description of portraits, language, movements, demeanor and psychology, to express the character, conduct and skills of the characters. However, there are
With the help of some side descriptions, positive descriptions can often achieve irreplaceable or difficult artistic effects.
First of all, profile description can stimulate people's imagination more.
Introduction description is often more than right.
Face-to-face description is more witty It can express the described object with economic pen and ink, but it can achieve twice the result with half the effort. In order to express the beauty of Luo Fu, a mulberry picker, the author first used rhetorical devices such as parallelism and exaggeration.
Apply a positive description: "moss is a cage system, cassia twig is a cage hook." There is a bun on the head and a bright moon in the ear; Yan Qi is the lower skirt and Zi Qi is the upper skirt. " Here, the exquisite mulberry picking equipment in Luo Fu, the beautiful hairstyle and the rarity of earrings are mainly described.
Expensive and gorgeous clothes show off her beauty. If we only use such a positive description, it is still conceptual, lacking in image and artistic expression, and cannot give people rich associations. Next, the author uses a vivid side.
The description of Luo Fu's face fully shows his beauty: "When Monkey saw Luo Fu, he brushed away his mustache. When the teenager saw Luo Fu, he took off his hat and put on his hoe. The tiller forgot his plow and the hoe forgot his hoe; Come back and complain, but sit and watch Luo Fu. "
The profile description of characters is not only full of rich flavor of life, but more importantly, it vividly and skillfully sets off the beauty of Luo Fu, giving people endless imagination. Luo Fu can't be too beautiful. Give you a profile.
The description of human faces has aroused people's imagination, thus receiving a strong artistic effect.
Secondly, the side description is a useful supplement to the front description.
Introduction description is usually combined with positive description and good introduction.
Description can often play a icing on the cake. The first act of Stomatology describes the noisy scene when a family wakes up in the dead of night. After describing the sounds made by ventriloquists, the author uses an overview.
At the same time, on the basis of narration, the following comment "Everything is ready" embodies the unspeakable beauty of the performance, and then writes the audience's impressions. It turns out that everyone is.
So I fell into deep thought: "stretch my neck, look sideways, smile, sigh silently, and think it's wonderful." The excited expression of the audience jumped from the paper. Although this vivid profile describes the audience, its significance lies in comparing and praising the skills of ventriloquists.
Oh, my god. The third scene describes a fire in the middle of the night. The author uses five "100,000" sentences and four "100" words to form two antitheses and the exaggeration of "everything".
Describe the complexity of the voice and further praise the "good" skills of ventriloquists. Then, with a turn of the pen, he wrote the audience's extremely excited reaction: "All faces don't change color, and they are eager to come out. After two wars, they almost want to go first." The expression of the audience,
Action, emotion and psychology are all described incisively and vividly. This thrilling scene makes readers feel that ventriloquism performance has really reached the charming point of both form and spirit, and they can't help but marvel.
14, suppress first and then promote.
Restrain first and then promote, also known as want to promote first, is a writing technique, which refers to an idea method of trying to belittle or deny someone, thing, thing and scene by misinterpreting or mocking first. When using this conception method, we should pay attention to less inhibition and more promotion, and promotion can be more inhibited.
Write the bad first, then write the good, just like a mountain peak should be set off with a trough. The sharp contrast makes the article more exciting and leaves a deep impression on readers.
such as
Mao Dun's "Praise of Poplar" should be written in praise of poplars, starting from the "monotony" of its growing environment-the Loess Plateau, which makes people sleepy. This is unbearable, and it is refreshing to suddenly see the tall and straight poplars.
Zhen, this is Yang; Yang Shuo's "Litchi Honey" first wrote that he didn't like bees, and then wrote that he praised bees, which also belonged to the desire to promote and suppress first; Xiao Si's "Cicada" first describes the annoying singing and weakness of the cicada, and then describes the short life of the cicada, which is very meaningful.
The author admires it. Writers in novels can also criticize first and then praise, which belongs to this category.
15, dynamic lining static
Dynamic and static contrast is a writing technique, which reflects the "static" environment by describing dynamic scenery. This technique is mostly used in ancient poetry and occasionally in modern literature.
Autumn Night in the Mountains by Wang Wei: After the rain, there is an empty mountain, the autumn moonlight stands in the pine forest, there are crystal stones in the stream, there is a whisper of the laundry girl coming home in the bamboo forest, and there are lotus leaves in front of the fishing boat. What does it matter if spring is over? The prince and grandson can stay.
chin
Couplets describe the bright moon in the sky, pine trees are covered, which is a description of static scenery, and the clear mountain springs flow through rocks, which is a description of dynamic scenery. Because of the abundant water after the rain, the mountain spring flows through the rocks and makes a sound to set off the quietness of the mountain.
Quiet in the poem. Poets attach great importance to the contrast between dynamic and static scenery, which can be combined with dynamic and static, dynamic and static. The combination of dynamic and static is often related to foil. Such as Li Bai's
"Looking at Lushan Waterfall" and "Looking at the Waterfall Hanging in front of the River in the Distance" are the first images of looking at the waterfall in the distance, like a huge white practice hanging in the mountains, and the word "hanging" becomes silent. Another example is Wang Wei's "Birds Singing in the Stream", "People are idle and sweet-scented osmanthus falls, and the night is quiet.
Spring mountain is empty. When the moon comes out, birds will sing in the spring stream. "Flowers fall in the moon and birds sing, which makes the spring stream more quiet." Entering Ruoyexi, Wang Ji, The cicada forest is quieter, and Tonamiyama is quieter. "Writing with voice is also quiet, and it is quiet with movement." Mountain dance
Agkistrodon, the original wax figure "has both movement and movement."
The famous sentence with motion as the lining: 1, people are idle and osmanthus flowers fall, and spring comes and the night is quiet. The birds are startled when the moon rises, and the spring stream rings. 2. Moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream. 3. The cicada forest is quieter and Tonamiyama is more secluded.
16, support things and express your heart
support
To express one's will by expressing one's will is to rely on a specific "thing". Therefore, this "thing" has a certain symbolic significance and becomes the maintainer of the author's interests, wishes or ideals. The author's personal "will",
With the help of this specific "thing", it is more ingenious, perfect, plump and infectious. For example, the three friends of "pine, bamboo and plum" are often used to express noble aspirations; "Earth" is often used to express humble feelings.
Huai; Candles are often used to celebrate the spirit of selfless dedication. Some people call it symbolic.
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