Describe the empty mountains from the above three or four sentences and then describe the deep mountains and forests, from sound to color. The depths of the forest are already dark, and the moss under the trees in the forest highlights the lack of sunshine in the depths of the forest. Silence and darkness, although complaining about hearing and vision respectively, are often related to silence. According to Nature, when writing about the darkness in the deep forest, we should focus on describing that it can't see the sun, but these two sentences are specially written into the deep forest and reflected on the moss. At first glance, you will feel that this oblique glow brings a ray of light to the dark forest, a little warmth to the moss in the forest, or a little business to the whole forest.
However, if we appreciate it carefully, we will find that it is just the opposite, whether from the author's subjective intention or from the objective effect of the work. Blindly darkness sometimes makes people unaware of its darkness, but when a touch of afterglow shines into the dark deep forest, mottled tree shadows are reflected on the moss under the tree, and the sharp contrast between that small piece of light and shadow and the boundless darkness makes the darkness of the deep forest more prominent.
This poem is about a lonely empty mountain and towering ancient forest, which is intended to create an ethereal and profound realm. The whole poem uses the method of contrast. The first two sentences describe the emptiness of the mountain, but add a faint voice of human language to the deep mountain, which breaks the silence of the empty mountain. This mysterious voice, which comes from nowhere, sets off the silence of the mountain more and more. The last two sentences were written in the dark forest, but they cast a beam of afterglow of sunset on the forest. This cold sunshine came in obliquely through the heavy shelter of the dense forest, scattered into faint golden spots, fell on the mottled moss blue with cold, and cut through the darkness deep in the forest, but with the setting sun, this light will eventually disappear.
In this way, the darkness of the jungle is becoming more and more felt. This kind of realm and writing style is unprecedented, which shows Wang Wei's amazing talent in landscape writing. Li E, a poet in A Qing, commented in A Brief Record of Poetry Changes: "There are a lot of people, and the photos are colorful. The empty mountain is not written from a quiet and colorless place, but from a colorful place, and the more you write, the more empty it becomes. Yan Canglang: The so-called' exquisite carving' should be advocated. "
This poem does not stick to the literal meaning of "deer". It seems that no one heard it from the empty mountain. The deep forest is covered with moss and shade, which makes people imagine that this quiet mountain forest must be a place where elk come and go.
What does the poet Wang Wei mean by creating such a deep and ethereal realm in Chai Lu? Mr. Chen Yunxing said that this is "strongly emphasizing that natural phenomena are only fleeting illusions", that is, "all phases are illusions" in the King Kong Prajna Sutra, which is most admired by Zen (see the Zen thoughts in Wang Wei's landscape poems). Mr. Shi said that this poem created "a deep and bright symbolic realm" and "showed the author's sudden enlightenment in the process of deep and mysterious meditation" ("Zen in Painting Becomes Poetry", Journal of Nanjing Normal University,No. 1983,No. 1 period). Although there is Zen in the poem, it does not resort to argument, and it is completely permeated in the vivid description of natural scenery. The essence of Zen lies in the wonderful understanding of the present, and we must not stand on words, make statements, get involved in reasoning or explain. Wang Wei's poems express Zen without trace and are excellent works to achieve Zen.
Wang Wei is a poet, painter and musician. This poem embodies the combination of poetry, painting and music. Silent, dark and dark, it is easy for ordinary people to perceive; But silence with sound and darkness with light are less noticed. It is precisely because the poet's unique painter and musician are sensitive to color and sound that he grasped the unique quiet realm at the moment when the voice of the empty mountain man sounded and the deep forest saw the light again. This sensitivity is inseparable from his careful observation and concentration on nature.
This poem depicts the quiet scenery of empty mountains and deep forests near Chai Lu in the evening. The first sentence, "There seems to be no one on the empty mountain", first describes the empty mountain positively. Wang Wei seems to like to use the word "empty mountain" especially, but in different poems, the realm it expresses is different. After the rain, the mountains are empty, and the autumn colors stand at dusk ("Mountain in Autumn Night") focuses on the clean autumn mountains after the rain: "People are idle and sweet-scented osmanthus falls, and the night sky in spring mountains" ("Bird Watching Creek") focuses on the quiet spring mountains at night; There seems to be no one on the empty mountain. On the other hand, it focuses on the emptiness and tranquility of the mountain. Because no one went to see it, this vacuum-free mountain seemed empty to the poet, just like the earth in ancient times. "Seeing no one" embodies the meaning of "empty mountain".
If you only look at the first sentence, you may feel normal, but it is unexpected that "there seems to be no one on the empty mountain" is followed by "but I think I heard a voice" The word "but smell" is quite interesting. Under normal circumstances, although the silent empty mountain "does not see people", it is not silent. The chirping of birds, the chirping of insects, the rustling of the wind and the gurgling of water are intertwined, and the sounds of nature are actually very colorful. Now, however, all this is silent, except for occasional sounds, but no one is there (because the mountains are deep and the forests are dense). This "human voice" seems to break the "silence" In fact, it is a partial and temporary "ring", which reflects the overall and long-term emptiness. The more empty the valley, the more empty it is; The more people talk in an empty mountain, the lonelier they are. After the voice sounded, the empty mountain returned to the realm of silence; And because people's voices sounded just now, the sense of emptiness at this time is more prominent.
The three or four sentences in the above picture describe the empty mountain and then the deep forest. From the sound to the color, the deep forest is dark, and the moss under the trees in the forest highlights the lack of sunshine in the deep forest. Although silence and darkness are related to hearing and vision respectively, they often belong to the same category in people's general impression, so silence and tranquility are often linked. According to Nature, when writing about the darkness in the deep forest, we should focus on describing that it can't see the sun, but these two sentences are specially written into the deep forest and reflected on the moss. At first glance, you will feel that this oblique glow brings a ray of light to the dark forest, a little warmth to the moss in the forest, or a little business to the whole forest. However, if you appreciate it carefully, you will feel that the author's subjective intention and the objective effect of the work are just the opposite. Blind darkness sometimes makes people unaware of its darkness, but when a touch of afterglow shines into the dark forest, mottled tree shadows are reflected on the moss under the tree, and the sharp contrast between that small piece of light and shadow and the boundless darkness makes the darkness in the forest more prominent. In particular, this kind of "dead light" is not only weak, but also short-lived. After a touch of afterglow disappears in an instant, it is followed by a long darkness. If we say a word or two, there is a sound contrast between silence and silence; Then three or four sentences are about fighting darkness with light. The whole poem is like adding a little warm color to most cool pictures, which makes the impression of cool color more prominent.
Static beauty and magnificence are two types of beauty in nature, and there is no distinction between elegance and lightness. However, the quietness is almost ethereal, and the seclusion is slightly cold, which shows the unhealthy side of the author's aesthetic taste. Similarly, the writing about "empty mountain" also focuses on the expression of quiet beauty. Autumn Night in a Mountain is brightly colored, and there is a peaceful and quiet atmosphere floating in the quiet tone, which contains lively vitality; Although Bird Song Jian describes the tranquility of Spring Mountain, the overall artistic conception is not deserted and ethereal. The clear glow of the moon, the fragrance of osmanthus and the singing of mountain birds all have the breath of spring and the tranquility of the night. However, Chai Lu is inevitably cold and empty, although it is not lonely.
Wang Wei is a poet, painter and musician. This poem embodies the combination of poetry, painting and music. Silent, dark and dark, it is easy for ordinary people to perceive; But silence with sound and darkness with light are less noticed. It is precisely because the poet's unique painter and musician are sensitive to color and sound that he grasped the unique quiet realm at the moment when the voice of the empty mountain man sounded and the deep forest saw the light again. But this sensitivity is inseparable from his careful observation of nature and his focus on silence.
This poem is widely circulated and sung by women and children. The author uses the audio-visual difference of "hearing but not seeing" to fully mobilize the imagination of readers. Since it is "there seems to be no one on the empty mountain", it is also "however, I seem to hear a voice". Since "anti-scenery" means that the sun is out of the visual range and "shines back on me from the moss", this is the poet's guiding readers to fantasize about their own forest shadow scenery, which varies from person to person. In short, this is a typical masterpiece of poetry and painting!
There seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I heard a voice.
We all have this experience when we walk into the deep mountains and forests: there is no one in the mountains, and suddenly we hear someone talking and look around, but we can't see a trace of people. The first two sentences of this poem were written under such circumstances. If you can hear the words, it should be not far away, but you can't see them. It can be seen that the mountains are dense and deep.
The deeper the mountain, the denser the Lin Yue, and the quieter it is. According to common sense, although the silent empty mountain "does not see people", it is not dead silence. Whistling wind, gurgling water, chirping birds and chirping insects, the sounds of nature are actually very colorful. However, the poet suppressed all these voices and only caught the occasional human voice. In the silence, this sudden "voice ringing" is particularly clear and sharp, which seems to break the silence in the mountains at once. However, as described in Wang Ji's poems in the Southern Dynasties, "the cicada forest is quieter and the Yingong Mountain is more secluded", and the empty valley will only become more and more empty. This short-lived "ring" reflects a long-lasting and even eternal emptiness and silence. When people speak loudly, the mountains return to silence, because the "sound" just now will make the emptiness even more moving.
In such a silent mountain, what came to the poet's ears was human language that came out of nowhere; What caught the poet's attention?
The sun shines on me from the green moss.
"scenery", sunshine, "returning to the scenery", the afterglow of the sunset.
The depths of the dense forest are already dark, and moss grows under the trees in the forest, which emphasizes its darkness. The setting sun shone obliquely into the depths of the forest and reflected on the moss through the cracks in the branches and leaves. When you first read it, you will feel that this afterglow brings a ray of light to the dark forest and a touch of warmth to the cold moss. But a little experience, you will feel that the reality is just the opposite. The small piece of light and shadow brought by oblique illumination is in sharp contrast with the boundless darkness, which makes the darkness of the deep forest more prominent. It's like painting, where a little warm colors are mixed into a sharp and cool picture. Under the strict package of surrounding cool colors, warm colors will only appear weak and helpless, and will never change the tone of the whole painting. On the contrary, cool colors will give people a deeper feeling.
Some people call poetry "the art of time" because good poetry always captures the most expressive moment and makes it eternal through artistic touch. This is the case with Wang Wei's Chai Lu. With its unique sensitivity, the poet grasped the moment of "the voice of an empty mountain man" and "the sunshine there enters a small forest" and created an eternal quiet and ethereal artistic conception. Li Dongyang commented on Huailutang's poems in the Ming Dynasty: "Light and thick, near and far, you can talk to the knower, but it is difficult to talk to the layman."
Hu Yinglin in the Ming Dynasty and Wang Shi in the Qing Dynasty both said that the poems in Wang Wei's "Wang Chuan Bie Ji" were "Zen every word". Although this statement may be exaggerated, Wang Wei's landscape poems often reveal a kind of Zen meaning of "silent and charming", which makes people "forget their life experiences and be silent in all thoughts". Because Wang Wei observes nature with a pure and ethereal heart, this makes his poems lively, but they always aim at silence. This silent mentality is naturally related to Wang Wei's long-term influence on Buddhism, especially Zen thought. Because of this, later generations addressed Wang Wei as "Shi Fo".
For the "Zen" in this poem, today's Li Zehou made further growth. Commenting on three poems, Chai Lu, Wu Xinyi and Bird Watching Creek, he said, "Everything moves. It is very common and realistic, but the meaning it conveys is eternal stillness, the stillness of ontology ... This is the stillness obtained in' movement', the virtual environment obtained in real scenes, the ontology obtained in countless phenomena, and the eternity obtained in the field of instant intuition. How beautiful nature is. Seems to have nothing to do with the world. In spring, flowers bloom and birds sing. However, at this moment of understanding nature, you feel the existence of immortality ... The moving time and space scene seems to be just to show immortality-frozen eternity. " Perhaps, it was at the moment described in the poem that the poet once again realized the essence of life-that is, "eternal silence, ontological silence."
The first sentence, "An empty mountain is like no one", is straightforward and goes with the flow, which reflects Wang Wei's calm and serene mentality and leisurely life. The second sentence "but listen to people" suddenly makes the artistic conception smart. Suddenly a voice came from the silent mountain forest, which upset the balance around. Here, the author uses the word "but smell" very well. Why do you hear people say you can't see people? Because the mountains are too dense, after human language, there is silence around. The occasional voice of human language reflects the silence of the mountain. It is Wang Wei's favorite technique to use static contrast to move.
The third and fourth sentences describe the sunset shining on the moss through the forest. I am deeply touched by this. I grew up in a village, and there is a small river to the south of the village. There is a Yang Shulin on the river bank, and the ground is covered with green moss in rainy season. Every time the sun sets, it shines obliquely on the moss, one side of the trunk, and even under the leaves. That silence is intoxicating. People write such scenes, always talking about how to wait in the mountains, and more describing them. But Wang Wei used a beam of light to contrast the darkness in the forest. It's great to use a pen.
In a word, this poem writes the sound in front, reflecting the silence of the empty mountain, and the color in the back, reflecting the silence of the forest. Wang Wei is both a poet and a painter, and his poems are also paintings. This poem is the concrete expression of this kind of illustrated poem.