"Saint Zhuangzi is daydreaming, bewitched by butterflies", and its allusion comes from Zhuangzi? Homogeneous object theory. The allusions in Zhuang Zhou Meng Die mainly show Zhuangzi's thought of "making everything harmonious". Life is alive, even dreams and reality can't be distinguished. Even if you are a person or a bug, how can you exactly define things outside your body? This is the first priority of obscurity.
"Wang Di" in "Wang Chunxin's Du Fu" is the legendary monarch of Shu in the late Zhou Dynasty, named Du Yu. Later, Zen retreated, and unfortunately the country died. After death, the soul turned into a bird. In late spring, my mouth is bleeding and my heart is moving. It was named Du Fu. The hope of being a man is long gone, and the sad cry of birds is still lingering. No matter from the reincarnation of Buddhism, or from the emotional and spiritual level, who can assert that Wang Di is dead or alive? This is the second dim.
Beads are born in mussels, and mussels are born in the sea. The moon is a pearl in the sky, like a bright moon in water; Tears are like pearls. Since ancient times, Jiao Ren has shed tears and turned into pearls. "Mermaid shed pearl-like tears on the green sea next month", tears fell because of sadness, but it became priceless pearls. Here, "sadness" and "joy" are opposites and complementary, and Laozi's dialectics also regards things as two opposing aspects, which are interrelated, interdependent and mutually transformed. He said: "Is there a relationship between each other, the difficulty is complementary, the length is in phase, the height is inclined, and the voice is harmonious?" The bright moon is shining, the sea is slightly blue, and Jiao Ren feels it, and tears turn into pearls. Who can say whether this bright "teardrop" is more sad than happy, or happy than sad? This is the third weight of obscurity.
Jade is a gentleman's favorite and a symbol of talent. "Li" says: "A gentleman must wear jade", which requires a gentleman to always demand himself with the quality of jade, regulate morality with the voice of jade, and limit his behavior. Lantian is a famous place for producing jade, and lantian jade ranks among the three most beautiful jade, which is well known so far. "Lantian is facing the sun and breathing its own jade", this sentence says that Lantian Mountain is sunny and full of jade. Ran Ran climbs the mountain, but the essence of Meiyu is far from near. Plum rains are buried deep underground, which means that literati are not appreciated or unwilling to be officials. And if there is no smoke on it, it faintly implies that Li Shangyin is unwilling to be an official in the DPRK and is unmoved.
Judging from his personal life experience, Li Shangyin was involved in the famous "Niu Li Party Struggle" in the late Tang Dynasty. Whether the "Niu Party" or the "Li Party" is in power, Li Shangyin has no chance of promotion. Frustrated in officialdom and widowed in his later years, he believed in Buddhism and died soon after. Li Shangyin wanted to stay out of the party struggle between Niu and Li, but the result was that neither side was pleased. Young and talented, he was involved in the political whirlpool of the late Tang Dynasty, caught in a dilemma, and his talents were not satisfied, leading to poverty and inaction all his life, which was rare in ancient and modern times. In ancient times, many scholars had the ideal of "learning literature and practicing martial arts, and appreciating the imperial family". Even Li Bai, when I need you, let me raise a white deer on my green slope and ride to you, a great mountain. When I need you, he is proud and boastful of "walking out of the sky with a smile" and "having a drink with five princes and seven nobles", not to mention the ill-fated Li Shangyin. However, the harsh reality seems to make him give up. I really want to go, I really want to stay, and I really want to talk. This is the fourth weight of obscurity.
"Jinse" presents some images that seem to exist, but are not true, but are clearly visible: Zhuang Sheng dreams of butterflies, Du Fu cries blood, tears in the sea, and warm and misty smoke. Life and death are impermanent, really illusory, happy or sad, used or hidden. This is the biggest confusion of natural people, social people, emotional people and scholars. From another point of view, Zhuang Sheng's Dream of Butterfly and Tears embodies Li Shangyin's Taoist thought (the former embodies Zhuangzi's theory of the unity of all things and the latter embodies Laozi's dialectics), and Wang Di's Raven reveals his Buddhist thought (the theory of reincarnation), while the confusion between "use" and "hiding" is actually the Confucian "helping the world at the same time". It can be seen from this poem that Li.
The theme of this poem has always been interpreted in many ways, but whether it is "mourning", "love" or "self-injury", it often involves only one point and is not as good as the rest. Naturally, there are many lawsuits, and no one can say for sure. The theory of bereavement is mainly based on "looking at the emperor and crying", the theory of love is mainly based on "tears in the sea", and the theory of self-injury is mainly based on "warming the jade and generating smoke", which can not interpret the whole poem as a whole. As for the theme of this poem, the author has actually made it very clear: the melancholy in couplets refers to these four puzzles.