On the Unique Style of Du Fu's Poems

Du Fu's poems are characterized by rigorous meter, restrained emotion, depression and frustration, full of realistic artistic style, and his personality characteristics of worrying about the country and the people. His style was gradually formed in his miserable life, especially during the Anshi Rebellion and his later years. Du Fu's lifelong wish is to "obey the monarch's orders, and then make the folk customs simple", which is like "sunflower lotus leaves lean on the sun, but their physical properties have not been taken away" ("Celebrating 500 words from Beijing to Fengxian County"), and his own life is poor and poor, which makes him have a broad sage feeling and a persistent desire to save the world and the people. The autumn wind broke the hut. Du Fu's strong sense of national and ethnic responsibility: "Although the country is divided, mountains and rivers last forever, and everything is spring. Petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sadness. " (Hope in Spring) "But before he conquered, he was dead, which often made heroes cry." (Shuxiang). Du Fu has a profound understanding and exposure of reality and deep sympathy for the people. His Three Officials (Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an Official, Tongguan Official), Three Farewells (Newly Married, Homeless, Farewell) and Military Vehicle Shop are all such works. Chedian, which was highly praised by all previous dynasties, revealed that Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had been militaristic for a long time and had been in war for years, which caused great disasters to the people and had profound ideological significance. In art, emotion is involved in narrative, and the poet's intense and profound thoughts and feelings naturally blend into the whole poem, and the image of the poet's anxiety seems to be displayed in front of readers.

Du Fu's poetic style was formed in the period of An Shi Rebellion, and gradually took shape in suffering. Du Fu went deep into the society, cared about the sufferings of politics and people's livelihood, and attached importance to realism. He shoulders the heavy responsibility of the country and the nation and faithfully depicts the face of the times and inner feelings. Du Fu's artistic style is gloomy. He inherited Du Fu's realistic style from the middle Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, especially the Jiangxi Poetry School in the Song Dynasty, which took Du Fu as its ancestor. His influence is enormous.

First, Du Fu is good at making a high artistic summary of real life.

This generalization is mainly operated by two artistic means. One is to select things with typical significance and condense complex social phenomena into one or two poems through objective description, thus revealing their essence. For example, "From Beijing to Fengxian, 500 Words of Love Story" concentrates sharp class contradictions in the ten words "The wine and meat in Zhumen stink, and people freeze to death on the road", which is shocking. The second is to make a general introduction to some events through the dialogue between the characters. For example, the poem "Military Vehicle Shop", through the words of a pedestrian, widely introduces the heavy military service, the hardship of war, and the people's opposition to opening the border. The Stone Trencher introduces the experience of this family through the words of the old lady, and also summarizes thousands of families in Qian Qian. The realism of Du Fu's poems does not lie in portraying typical characters. Although he also wrote many people, these people did not appear as typical individuals. The characteristic of his realism is to select typical events from real life and describe them in a highly generalized way, thus revealing the essence of real life.

Second, the magnificent artistic realm and meticulous expression.

The artistic realm is magnificent, but the expression technique is nuanced. Du Fu's poetic realm is magnificent because of his patriotism, profound knowledge and rich life experience. And this magnificent realm is often achieved by depicting the specific and detailed scenery in front of you and expressing the subtle fluctuations in your heart. Li Bai and Du Fu, their artistic realm is magnificent, but the ways to reach such a magnificent realm are different. Li Bai achieved it with lightning speed and drastic measures, while Du Fu achieved it in a considerate way, that is, seeing the big from the small and seeking the near from the far.

Du Fu's poems are like a gentle breeze and drizzle, which unconsciously permeates readers' hearts and makes people easy to get close to. For example, in "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells", Du Fu wrote all aspects of this war in great detail, reflecting the profound disasters brought by this war to the country and people from different angles and sides. The writing of An Shi Rebellion is the same, and Li Bai's writing started from scratch. His first 19 poem "Antique" begins with his ascension to heaven with the immortal, and then he ascended to heaven and looked down at the world from above. Then there are a few words that reflect the political situation after the Anshi Rebellion-"Looking down on Luoyang Sichuan and traveling in Hu Bing. Blood grass, jackal crown. " The army of Anshi described by Du Fu is: "After Hu Qun returned, he still sang Hugh and drank the city." Through a bloody arrow, it vividly reflects the deep disaster of the people of that country. Through comparison, we can clearly see that Du Fu is good at observing the subtleties of things and feelings.

Du Fu is not only meticulous, but also able to reach a magnificent realm through meticulous description, which is where Du Fu surpasses ordinary realistic poets. Many of Du Fu's poems are interspersed with important social and political contents and side analysis of life, and these details are used to express important themes. For example, his five-character poem "Spring Hope" is a typical example: although a country is divided, mountains and rivers remain forever and spring is full. Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold. Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.

Thirdly, the language art of Du Fu's poems. Du Fu's poems have made outstanding achievements in language art.. His language has gone through many trials and tribulations. In his own words, it is not surprising that he is worried about good sentences for human nature. He likes good sentences, so his language must get that amazing effect. If he can't achieve this effect, he will continue to revise it repeatedly until he dies. He added: "New poems should be changed to long poems. Why bother to learn to recite?" "Yin" is Yin Keng, "He" is He Xun, two poets in the Southern Dynasties. Du Fu's poems are always being revised, and he will continue to recite them after revision, and continue to revise them in the process of reciting. From this, the main characteristics of vigorous and concise are formed.

Fourthly, Du Fu's poems are all integrated.

Judging from the poetic genre, Du Fu is a poet with diverse styles. He can freely use five words, seven words, ancient prose, metrical poems and quatrains, especially ancient prose and metrical style. Du Fu writes very well. He often uses this genre to integrate narrative, lyric and discussion. Du Fu's contribution to the Seven Laws is particularly outstanding. Most of Du Fu's previous seven laws were eulogies or entertainment works. Du Fu not only used seven laws to describe natural scenery, or used them to reply and sing, but also used them to express political content, lament current events, criticize politics and express his thoughts of worrying about the country and the people. In art, Du Fu's previous Seven Laws were just beautiful and elegant, while Du Fu created a tragic style, which pushed the creation of the Seven Laws to a climax.