Mr. Ye Shengtao, a famous educator in China, pointed out: "Writing anything depends on knowledge and experience. What kind of knowledge and experience can make you write something. On the other hand, if you don't have the ability to express understanding, you can't write a good composition. "
Second, take the cognitive structure as the core of the composition, including learning knowledge, observing accumulation, memory storage, training thinking, enriching imagination, cultivating emotion and exercising will; From talking about writing, scrutinizing and revising, reading more books and writing more. Third, establish the concept of big composition and combine listening, speaking, reading and writing organically. The second is to make clear the purpose of writing and be innovative; Third, the selection of materials should be based on evidence; Fourth, we should pay attention to writing skills and arrange the structure of the article; Fifth, we should pay attention to the segmentation of the article and list the subheadings and composition outlines in advance; Sixth, we should pay attention to the writing and usage of the article; Seventh, we should use language skillfully and use thought to schedule language.
Learn five ways to conceive: praise people with things, express their feelings directly, reason with things, touch the scene and express their feelings with things. Fourth, the composition goal is decomposed year by year: first-level words, second-level sentences, third-level fragments, fourth-level chapters, fifth-level synthesis and sixth-level improvement.
According to the principle that cognition is the core of composition, around the core of developing students' psychological mechanism, five exercises are carried out in a down-to-earth manner: (1) word training. Learn to master many words.
Palm e69da5e6ba9062616964757a68696416f3133656637 Hold the golden key of using characters: touch things you are familiar with; Contact your own life reality; Contact your knowledge of language and writing. Use the method of "ten quotations" to combine word learning with oral training.
The "Top Ten Quotations" are: 1, analyzing glyphs; 2. Use teaching AIDS; 3. Look at the pictures and learn words; 4. Word formation and expansion; 5. Choose words to fill in the blanks; 6. collocation of words; 7. Adjust the word order; 8. Words used to move the scene; 9. Word classification; 10, conjunctions into sentences. Enrich the content of oral training, so that I can accumulate a large number of words that I can speak and use, and lay a solid foundation for writing.
(2) Sentence training. As long as it is a sentence, it includes two aspects: one is about people, things, things and scenery, and the other is about purpose.
However, some teachers do not use pictures and things to seriously teach students the methods of observation, understanding, analysis and expression when instructing students to say a sentence. They just take out a picture or something for students to say and write a sentence. Students don't know why to say and write a sentence, how to say and write a sentence, and what sentence patterns to say and write, which leads to a single, dull and lifeless composition tone. Students can be taught to speak and write a sentence with four complete elements, four sentence patterns and nine sentence patterns, according to pictures, things, dialogues and exercises.
Students will use different sentence patterns and sentence patterns to express different thoughts, feelings, attitudes and purposes in their compositions. (3) Paragraph training.
Combination of eight segments: the development of things is a sequential segment, time is a sequential segment, and spatial transformation is a sequential segment, a general and substructure segment, a causal segment, a turning segment, a progressive segment, and a parallel segment. In order to understand the law of occurrence and development of objective things.
No matter what kind of paragraph, it describes the development of things and people's understanding of things, that is, the content and the center of the paragraph. Like a sentence, it is also a description of people, things, things and scenery, and it also expresses a meaning.
Just to make a sentence clearer and deeper. (4) Text training.
A chapter consists of paragraphs. Through the knowledge and methods of examining topics, making ideas, selecting materials, planning articles, defining methods and terms, through the four expression methods of narration, description, lyricism and discussion, the methods of beginning and end of articles, transition and echo, and the knowledge and methods of various article genres.
Learn to write narrative and practical articles with clear center, complete meaning and appropriate details. (5), life on-site training.
Use on-site training to better understand writing from the content. Through various composition teaching activities such as "centering", "selecting materials", "composition consultation meeting", "Xiao Zhuge grade examination meeting" and "wonderful word competition meeting", we can learn composition knowledge and writing methods vividly and concretely from the activities.
In addition, you can also carry out various activities inside and outside the school, such as skipping rope, tug-of-war, kicking shuttlecock, ball games, endorsement competitions, etc., and learn how to write competition compositions; Carry out voluntary labor inside and outside the school and learn how to write labor scenes; Hold poetry recitals and lectures to learn how to write conference scenes and experiences; Learn how to write travel notes and travel notes by visiting and browsing places of interest. Learn to observe methods and pay attention to things around you. "Pay attention to everything and you will learn. The cultivation of human feelings is the article."
Through on-site life composition, I further realized that life is fertile ground for composition. So as to learn something, express the true feelings, cultivate the sentiments of truth, goodness and beauty, and cultivate a good style of writing.
Implement "mutual evaluation and mutual reform" to cultivate students' thinking independence and creativity. After students write their compositions, organize group comments.
Learn the advantages of other people's compositions first, and then point out the shortcomings in their own compositions with critical eyes and suggestions for improvement. Rewrite on this basis, so that students can learn something from each article they write.
Writing an honest self "writing an honest self" is what the old educator Mr. Ye Shengtao said. It aims to create a colorful "independent" composition world.
The so-called "autonomy" means that students are free to think and write without being restricted by rules and regulations. "Independent" composition means "speaking from the heart", acting spontaneously, showing self-style, and embodying distinctive personality.
2. How to teach fourth-grade students to write a good composition? The language accumulation of primary school students is still in the primary stage. How to write a good composition, how to write a good composition, has become a big obstacle for them, so how to improve the quality has become their concern.
Reading is to form a good habit of loving reading. The books mentioned here should be the books you are interested in. As long as it is healthy and beneficial, I suggest you cover it all.
The so-called "open book is beneficial" is the truth. Reading should not be confined to or related to textbooks.
Reading time doesn't have to be fixed. You can use your time before bed, during recess and on Sunday. Reading is not necessarily composition or writing. Astronomy, geography, history and technology can be widely read.
After reading for a period of time, you will feel that there are too many words when you write, and what you write is also flesh and blood. After developing good reading habits, I suggest you read some books you need urgently in a planned way. As far as writing is concerned, primary schools can read more classic articles such as Pupils Reading Newspapers, Story King and Chinese Newspapers, while middle schools can read more classic articles such as Juvenile Literature, Readers and Some Celebrities.
If possible, I suggest you get a library card or go to the bookstore often. Going is going out.
As the saying goes, read thousands of books and take Wan Li Road. If you want to write a good composition, it is not enough to read more books.
I suggest you take a walk outside if conditions permit. Nature is a good writing material. You can take advantage of the holiday to go to parks, zoos, botanical gardens, and the countryside to walk with your classmates and parents.
Pay attention to cultivating your observation and write down what you see and feel in time. Over time, you will have something to say, and your composition level will increase day by day.
Thinking is thinking more. Writing a good composition is skillful and needs to develop the habit of thinking.
For the good articles in the textbook or you see, we should analyze more, why the author writes well, what are the good places, whether I can learn from them in future writing, and so on. Composition is something to express your thoughts, so you should conceive before you start writing and write out your experiences and feelings about some people or things.
By the way, you can also refer to some excellent composition collections to help them form their own writing ideas. Practice is to write more.
The most important thing to improve writing ability is to practice more. We should form a good habit of loving writing.
"Reading is like breaking thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god." Maybe you didn't write well enough at first, but it doesn't matter. As long as you are willing to start, your writing level will increase day by day.
Here also want to emphasize the importance of accumulation. I suggest you develop the good habit of keeping a diary, and write down the good articles, words and sentences you see and read in a notebook, so that some famous books can be memorized.
3. How to instruct the fourth-grade students to write a composition? The fourth grade of primary school can be said to be a ladder, which is the connecting link between students and primary education.
For the fourth-grade students, composition is a love-hate relationship, which is neither strange nor understandable. How to effectively guide primary school students to write a good composition is a headache for many Chinese teachers and a common teaching difficulty.
When it comes to composition, many students will be reluctant, and some will complain. Some students even want to avoid writing.
Therefore, as an instructor, it is very important and necessary to find a certain starting point for guidance. One: Practice writing diligently, stimulate interest, and give students a platform to play freely, such as writing down an incident that happened today, writing down the feelings when the teacher praised me, and so on.
There are countless subjects for practicing writing in life. Cultivate writing interest in practicing writing and accumulate writing experience in short articles.
As long as you start the thinking machine, use a wide range of social resources, follow the trend, from the shallow to the deep. Use some vivid characters and real events that students like to see and hear to mention students' creation.
Inspire students to experience and feel life actively and observe everything in nature carefully. Encourage students to independently express people and things in real life and natural environment, especially the things around them and their own participation.
Take real life as the writing background. Only in this way can we open the students' chatterboxes and give them something to say.
If it asks students to write an article on the topic of "Future Earth", it is better to ask them to write an article on "My classmate xxx". The latter is closer to real life and students have more say.
"Future Earth" for the fourth-grade students, they have not reached the relative insight and perception, and they can't use their immature thinking to predict what the future earth will look like. Their knowledge in this field is limited to some sci-fi concepts that they usually know in movies or TV. Students' imagination and thinking space are limited to some extent.
Then, there may be no vivid pictures and touching scenes in this article. Students have more to say about the topic of my classmate xxx. Maybe they have been classmates from grade one to grade four, and there will always be many stories between them.
This is the restoration of their real life. Then, the materials and materials they create will be more colorful.
Life is an inexhaustible source of creation. Only by reflecting real life can they express their truest feelings and show their innocence and childlike interest.
Guide students to capture touching scenes from life and accumulate rich life materials. Let students understand that composition is life, that is, to describe your story, beautiful nature and our happy life with pen and ink.
Advocate students to be good at discovering and excavating first-hand materials from life, and do some editing and integration. Thereby enriching students' inner experience, improving their cognitive ability and further sublimating their imagination and creativity.
Not stick to one pattern. Teachers should not impose their own ideas on students, do not force students to write according to the route designed by teachers, give students a space for free imagination and a platform for students to play independently.
In order to activate students' creative inspiration and interest in writing. Second, cultivate students' observation ability, accumulate and integrate vocabulary, and skillfully use it. For example, in the morning in Ji Chun, a group of yellow and black bees flew around among the flowers, and one of them landed lightly on the stamens of Xifu Haitang, and its transparent wings vibrated, making a sound similar to the organ playing * * *.
With the dance of bees, the dew in the petals rolled down one by one, drawing several beautiful arcs on the green leaves and quietly drilling into the soil. This passage is my careful observation of what happened around me.
Clever use of tangible, audio and colorful description techniques, just a few words, outline a vivid scene. Therefore, cultivating students' observation ability also plays an important role in their literary creation.
Observing nature deeply and paying attention to things around you are the fundamental resources for primary school students' composition creation materials. The accumulation of vocabulary is also to make extensive use of social resources, human resources and natural resources.
Set the saddle on the right horse. A good article, without good words to decorate it, will look dry and pale.
Correctly guide students to skillfully use modifiers to carve sentences in reasonable positions, suitable scenes and certain environmental variables, so as to make the feelings and scenes described more full and more real and touching. A good article can sometimes make people forge ahead and sometimes make people cry.
The same story, often because of the author's different rendering methods, will get different appeal. The same product, different advertising words, the publicity effect will be different.
Some students, especially primary school students, often ignore the generality of Chinese vocabulary, and it is not easy for them to master the wonderful use of polysemy. The problem of improper use of words needs further improvement.
Teachers should encourage students to read more books and newspapers in peacetime. Pay attention to the cultivation of language expression ability.
Reading has broken thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god. As long as the language expression ability is improved, writing articles can be icing on the cake.
Third, the article is ever-changing. Clever conception, incisive language, capable writing style and compact structure are the main contents of primary school students' composition practice. However, students are students after all.
Therefore, teachers cannot examine students' works from the perspective of scholars, nor can they measure students' works from the perspective of appreciating writers' articles. The composition of primary school students can be said to be just a rough product, which needs further deep processing and refining.
The addition, deletion and connection of articles are just like the post-production of movies. Only by removing the false and retaining the true and screening at different levels can we show our best side. Teachers must supervise students to read and recite their own works, read the book a hundred times, see its meaning clearly, revise it during reading and recite it during revision.
Let students exercise their editing and processing ability in the revision of articles. Remove embellishment, delete disease-free * *, not abuse.
But the works should be short and pithy, and the articles should not be long and Kan Kan.
4. The experience and skills of composition writing in the fourth grade of primary school should be read more, read attentively and learn to use for reference.
Good articles, good words and sentences, learn to accumulate. 4. Create a novel and unique article title.
Sometimes you can get twice the result with half the effort. 5. Keeping a diary can not only practice writing, but also accumulate materials.
6. Learn to quote famous sayings and immortal poems to make your article more convincing. 7. Usage of good words and sentences. Good words and sentences used in the article can add color to your article and sublimate it.
But it should be just right, not too much, too much will appear flashy. 8. apply what you have learned, that is, the ability to change, and change with the same.
9, close to nature, go out for a walk more during the holidays, see more and learn more. 10, being close to nature can also make your collected materials more colorful.
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5. How to do a good job in Chinese composition teaching in grade four? First, the basic situation of students: Most students in this class have certain writing ability, mastered the writing methods, and can write articles of about 300 words.
Several students have strong expressive ability, clear composition ideas and lively language. Most students can express themselves clearly in fluent sentences, and they are organized to some extent.
But there are still many students who have poor basic skills in composition. They don't observe, the diary is only a few words, and the sentences are often unclear and incomprehensible.
Writing a composition is a headache for them. They don't know what to write or how to write. This semester, I will actively seek effective methods and measures, strive for the whole class of children to work in by going up one flight of stairs, and strive to expand children's thinking space, so that students' work is realistic and innovative.
Second, like the third grade, the textbook teaching material analysis, the first volume of the fourth grade, has arranged two lines of exercises. First, arrange an exercise in the "Chinese Garden" of each group, and arrange the whole book for eight times.
In these eight exercises, four are combined with oral communication. Second, combined with the study of the text, I arranged four small exercise pens.
The homework assigned by China Gardens has the following four characteristics. 1. In the exercise type, both realism and imagination are taken into account.
Writing a natural landscape, observing, favorite animals, tour guides and growth stories arranged in textbooks are all practical realism; Writing fairy tales, looking at pictures and writing fantastic ideas are all exercises of writing imagination. For the practice of reality, we should emphasize the real expression, that is, we should * * * the real people and things and reflect the real life, and we can't make it up or make it up.
This can not only improve students' ability to grasp the characteristics of things and record facts, but also cultivate students' honest quality and good writing style. For writing imaginary exercises, students should be encouraged to imagine boldly.
Children in the fourth grade are limited by their life experience and knowledge level, and their imagination is not necessarily reasonable, so the requirements in this respect should not be too high. As long as students dare to imagine and write down what they imagine.
2. Pay attention to stimulate interest and let students express themselves freely in an informal way. The exercises in the textbook do not engage in propositional composition, and each exercise only puts forward a range, and the range mentioned is very wide, which gives students greater freedom in the choice of content and form.
In particular, the two groups that arrange comprehensive study provide a variety of choices, some of which can be written on the basis of oral communication, and some can be written first. The purpose of this arrangement is to let students write whatever they want, and write in their favorite form, so as to create conditions for students to express themselves freely and creatively.
3. Pay attention to communication and demonstration after practice. The curriculum standard specifically mentions such a thing in the homework requirements of the middle grade: "I am willing to read my homework to others and share the happiness of my homework with others."
The first volume of the fourth grade textbook uses various forms to guide the communication and display after practice. For example, in the exhibition platform of China Garden 7: "This is my reply to wang hong. I'll read it to you. "
Practice tips of China Garden II, so that students who write about the same animal can communicate together. For another example, "China Garden Five" practices writing tour guide words. "After writing, you can simulate the tour guide to explain according to the written tour guide words."
I hope that through this practice, students can get the fun of homework from communication and display, and gradually improve their homework ability. 4. Pay attention to guide students to modify their own works.
The ability to revise is an important aspect of writing ability, and careful revision is also a good writing habit and a responsible attitude towards one's own works. Therefore, the exercise textbook for middle school students we compiled embodies the idea that the training of review ability and writing ability should start at the same time, and the habit of review should be cultivated from the beginning of the exercise.
In the textbook of the first volume of the fourth grade, continue to guide the revision of your own exercises. Third, the teaching goal 1, pay attention to the things around you, be willing to express in writing, and enhance the self-confidence of practice.
2. Learn to observe pictures and things orderly and carefully, and write a short article in an orderly way. 3, can modify sentences with obvious errors.
Modify the composition from the aspects of content, words and punctuation. Learn to use common modifiers.
4. Learn to modify the composition from the aspects of content, words and punctuation. 5. Be able to write down what you see, feel and imagine in an informal way, and pay attention to what you find novel and interesting or most impressive and moving.
6. I am willing to read my homework to others and share the happiness of my homework with others. 7. Try to use your accumulated language materials in practice, especially the words that are fresh. 4. Measures to improve the level of exercise: 1. Infiltrate the education of writing methods in reading teaching and arrange writing fragments in combination with the text.
2. Combine extracurricular reading, accumulate language in reading, find materials in reading, and acquire methods in reading. 3. Appreciate excellent compositions, read and accumulate appropriate excellent works, and learn writing methods. 4. Continue to implement the quantitative evaluation system of composition and praise it regularly.
5. Strengthen face-to-face criticism and pay close attention to students with poor writing foundation; Encourage students who write well to continue to contribute or participate in composition competitions at all levels to enhance their writing confidence. 6. Further enhance students' awareness of self-revision and mutual revision, and understand that good articles are changed.
6. Six elements of composition writing in primary schools. The vivid and wonderful skills of narrative writing in the fourth grade composition are: 1, wonderful language and vivid action, 2, the ending of the event, well hidden at the beginning, 3, many twists and turns, reasonable, 4, psychological time, 5, if reasonable, the first element that makes people remember is time, year, month, day and time.
The second element is the place, and the environment and the place where things happened should be written. The third element is character, the character of writing.
The fourth factor is the reason and why. The fifth element is the process, and the context is clearly written; The sixth element is the result, which explains the ending.
Everyone must remember that the article should be specific and the theme should be prominent. The narrative order is chronological, flashback, interpolation, supplementary narrative and sub-narrative.
Express narration, description, discussion, explanation and lyricism. Characters describe appearance, language, manners, actions and psychology.
Environmental description: description of natural environment and social environment. Narrative writing 1: time 2: place 3: people 4: events and event background 5: the truth (theme) reflected 6: my epiphany, experience and feelings in this event.
These are all equally important, and the absence of any one of them is not a narrative. In fact, it is not difficult to write a composition by using rhetorical metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, repetition, rhetorical questions, quotations, metonymy, irony and contrast. Just grasp the center of the full text and have a real feeling throughout, and see if it helps you.
7. How do fourth-grade pupils write a good composition? I study Chinese. After studying writing for a year, I still have some feelings about composition counseling for primary and secondary school students. In the fourth grade of primary school, I took a composition class, and my composition has made rapid progress since then. But please note that I'm not asking you to sign up for a class for your child, but I just hope my experience can help you.
Children's cognitive level is to a certain extent, not as wide as that of adults, but divergent. In this case, I dare to guess that your child's mathematics seems to be not ideal, or he has not fully exerted his strength. Divergence is a very important point in learning ability, which is what we often talk about. The composition also emphasizes logic and divergence. It is the key to train students to give a variety of views on the same proposition, and then select the good ones to write.
First of all, I suggest reading more. A composition book containing the compositions of peers is absolutely indispensable. You can't write it, but you can change it. Keeping other people's skeletons and adding their own flesh and blood is a brand-new composition.
Second, think more-analyze. At that time, I was also writing a running account. When I go to cram school, the teacher always asks us to write different things, such as the piggy bank for dogs. He will let us observe the external characteristics first, and everyone will say that it is a dog, its five senses, color and posture; Then there is the function-saving money. Put a coin in your mouth and it will stick out its tongue to "eat". These are the themes. At the beginning, you can write a little about how the piggy bank came from. At the end, with the piggy bank, "I" will no longer spend money indiscriminately, and pocket money can also be saved and donated. This is the guidance of parents, but mainly to guide children to prioritize and not to usurp the host's role. A detailed description of the theme is absolutely enough words.
In the fourth grade, when he got the composition, he had to learn to analyze and find a breakthrough. He began to practice by writing an outline, and stopped writing when he was ripe. If the analysis is in place, there will naturally be articles to write. There's nothing to say. No one can make it up.
Finally, practice more. In primary school, composition mainly cultivates children's application of various rhetorical devices. Use as much as you have. Don't be afraid to use it wrongly. If you use too much, you can master it. Only in junior high school do we put forward specific requirements for its application, if too much will affect the whole article. But then it will naturally change. Parallelism, personification, metaphor. These three are the most commonly used, and there can be more codewords.
I hope the above will help you!