New Tang Dynasty Book 127 Column 52 Translation Information for reference:
Song Zhiwen was named Yanqing, also known as Shaolian, and was from Fenzhou.
His father, Lingwen Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, was the bachelor of Xiangzheng in Dongtai at that time. Zhiwen has a burly appearance and is good at debating. When he was twenty years old, Empress Wu called him and Yang Jiong to take charge of the art studio respectively. He was promoted to Shangfang Jiancheng and Zuo Fengchen for many times. Empress Wu visited Longmen in Luoyang and ordered her to serve as an official. Zuo Shi Dongfang Zhuo wrote it first and was given a brocade robe by Empress Wu. Zhiwen immediately offered it to Zhiwen. Empress Wu admired it very much and gave it to Zhiwen instead of the brocade robe given to Ji.
At that time, Zhang Yizhi and others received special favor, and Zhiwen, Yan Chaoyin, Shen Quanqi, and Liu Yunji were all in love with each other.
All the poems and essays written by Yi Zhi were written by Zhi Wen, Chaoyin and others, and they even held a urinal for Yi Zhi. When Yi was killed, Zhiwen was demoted to Longzhou to join the army, and Chaoyin was demoted to Yazhou to join the army. Zhiwen fled back to Luoyang and hid in Zhang Zhong's house. When Wu Sansi came to power again, Zhang Zhongzhi and Wang Tongjiao discussed killing Wu Sansi to bring peace to the royal family. When Zhiwen found out, he asked his nephews Song Tan and Ran Zuyong to inform him and ask for atonement with merit. For this reason, he was promoted to Honglu Chief Registrar. The world despises his ugly behavior.
During the Jinglong period, he was promoted to wailang, a merit examiner. He flattered Princess Taiping, so he was appointed. When Princess Anle became powerful, she went to curry favor with her again. Princess Taiping hated him very much. Zhongzong was about to appoint him as the minister of Zhongshu. Princess Taiping exposed his scandalous behavior of accepting bribes when presiding over tribute examinations, so he was demoted to the governor of Bian. Before he left, he was transferred to the governor of Yue. He was able to do his best in politics during his term of office. He traveled around the mountains and rivers of Shan, drank wine and wrote poems. His poems spread to the capital and were recited by everyone.
After Emperor Ruizong was established, Song Zhiwen was exiled to Qinzhou for being treacherous and sinister. Ran Zuyong successively served as the secretary of Zhongshu and the minister of the Ministry of punishment. He once drank with prostitutes in the province, but was exposed by the imperial censor and demoted to the governor of Qizhou. At this time, he was also exiled to Lingnan.
Both of them died in Guizhou. After asking about the order, he was frightened and wandered around, unable to commit suicide. Zu Yong asked the envoy, "Zhiwen has a wife and children, please let him say goodbye to her." The envoy agreed, but Zhiwen was in a panic and could not arrange family affairs. Zu Yong was angry and said, "You and I have failed the country and deserved it. Why should we hesitate?" So he drank, ate, bathed and committed suicide. Zu Yong was the nephew of King Daozong of Jiangxia. He became a Jinshi and was very famous at that time.
From Wei Jian'an to the Southern Dynasties, the rhythm of poetry changed many times.
When it comes to Shen Yue and Yu Xin, they require harmonious phonology and precise dialogue.
In the period of Zhiwen and Shen Qian of the Song Dynasty, they added richness and elegance, avoided defects in pronunciation and rhyme, and specified the number of words and sentences, making writing poetry like weaving a brocade. Learners highly praised it and called it " Shen and Song Dynasty", and also said that "Su and Li were in the front, Shen and Song Dynasty were side by side". Su and Li refer to Su Wu and Li Ling.
At the beginning, Zhiwen’s father, Song Lingwen, was good at diction, studied calligraphy, and had superhuman strength. The world calls him "Three Wonders". There is a cow in Kyoto that is so aggressive that no one dares to tease it. Song Lingwen went up to it, pulled out its horns, twisted its neck and killed it. Later, during the Song Dynasty, Zhiwen was promoted through his articles. His younger brother, Zhiti, was famous for his fierceness and Zhiqing was good at calligraphy. People say that each of their brothers inherited his father's unique skills.
Song Zhiti was eight feet tall. In Kaiyuan, he successively served as the Jiedushi of Jiannan and Yin of Taiyuan. Zhu Yuan was exiled for breaking the law.
Just when the barbarians captured the state, Song Zhidi was appointed as the general manager to face the enemy. He recruited eight strong men, fully armed, and approached the rebels with a loud shout: "Whoever moves will die." Seven hundred of the rebels lay on the ground and did not dare to get up, and the chaos was over.
Song Zhiqing joined the army for Lianzhou. The governor heard that he was good at singing and asked him to teach his maids. He stood outside the curtain every day holding a wat in his hand and chanting calmly.
Li Yong, courtesy name Taihe, was born in Jiangdu, Yangzhou. My father, Li Shan, was of good character and knowledgeable about ancient and modern times, but he was not good at writing articles. So people call him "book box". During the Xianqing period, he was promoted to the direct bachelor's degree in Chongxian Hall and served as the attendant of King Pei. Make "Selected Works and Notes" and explain and analyze deeply and accurately. After presenting the book, the reward was quite generous. He was appointed as the official secretary of Prince Lu to join the army and was given the order of Jingcheng. Because of his friendship with He Lanmin, he was implicated and exiled to Yaozhou. Return after being pardoned. Living and teaching in Bian and Zhengjian. Students came from far and wide to impart their academic knowledge, which was called "selected literature".
Li Yong was famous when he was young. When his father first annotated "Selected Works", he sometimes analyzed the words based on the words and ignored the literary meaning. After the book was completed, I asked Li Yong, but Yong did not dare to answer. Li Shan asked again and again, and Li Yong thought something should be changed. Li Shan said: "Try to add it for me." Li Yong expressed his intention according to the words.
Li Shan felt that the two solutions were inconclusive, so he recorded them together. When Yong was twenty years old, he went to see Tejin Li Qiao and said, "I haven't read some books yet. I hope I can read the palace collection." Qiao said, "There are tens of thousands of books in the Secret Pavilion. How can I read them all in a short time?" "?" Yong begged again and again, so he was allowed to serve as secretary temporarily. Soon, Yong left. Qiao was very surprised. He tried to ask him about the secret book and unpublished articles, and Yong answered fluently. Qiao sighed very much: "You will become a famous person in the future." Wang Gui recommended Li Yong for his profound writing and upright temperament, and his talent was worthy of criticism. So he was called to be appointed as Zuo Shiyi. The censor Zhongcheng Song Qian exposed Zhang Changzong and others' rebellion, but Empress Wu should not respond. Yong stood at the foot of the steps and shouted loudly: "What you stated is a major matter for the country and your Majesty should listen to it." Empress Wu's face softened and she agreed to Song Yan's petition. After the dispersion of the dynasty, someone accused Yong and said, "Your position is humble, and if you offend the emperor, there will be unexpected disasters." Yong said, "Otherwise, my name would not be spread.
"
Zhongzong was established. Zheng Pusi was favored because of his good skills and was promoted to secretary-supervisor. Yong advised: "Your Majesty has not been in power for a long time. In addition, the palace is very strict, so he cannot hear the opinions of the world. . Nowadays, there is a lot of talk about Pusi being deceitful and deceitful, and talking nonsense about bad luck. His Majesty did not know the truth and actually allowed him to serve in the court. Confucius said: ‘The central purpose of the three hundred chapters of the Poetry can be summarized in one sentence: there are no evil thoughts. ’ If your majesty believes that Pu Si does have the power of immortality, then the Shuangjiu clan will be in the world forever because of it, and the position of emperor will not be yours today. Can he invite the gods? Therefore, Qin and Han will always have the world, and Your Majesty will no longer be the emperor today. Does he know Buddhism?
Then Emperor Wu of Liang will have the world forever because of this, and the throne is not yours. Can he be a ghost? Then Mo Zhai and Qian Bao will each be dedicated to their masters, and there will be a world forever, and there will be no Your Majesty today. Since ancient times, Yao and Shun have been revered as saints. I regard their actions as human affairs. They made the nine tribes close and harmonious, and made hundreds of officials receive honors for their merits. I have never heard of anyone who governs the world in the way of ghosts and gods. Your Majesty is respectfully requested to review it. "The emperor couldn't listen.
The five kings Zhang Jianzhi of Hanyang, Huan Yanfan of Fuyang, Jinghui of Pingyang, Yuan Shuji of Nanyang, and Cui Xuan of Boling were killed, and Yong was implicated and transferred out. He was appointed Nanhe Ling in Beijing, and was demoted to Fuzhou Sihu to participate in the military affairs. Wei Shi was rebellious, and he was recalled to serve as the censor of Zuotai Palace. He exposed the mistakes of the officials in office, and people were afraid of him. Li Chongfu, the king of Qiao, rebelled against him. Cui Rizhi, the Sima of Luozhou, had meritorious service in hunting down Yu Dang, and was transferred to the Ministry of Household Affairs. Cen Xi and Cui... disliked Cui Rizhi, and when Xuanzong was still the prince, Yong, Cui Yinfu, and Ni Ruoshui were treated with courtesy, and Cen Xi and others were jealous. He hated him and tried to demote Yong to the position of Prime Minister of Shecheng. He was treacherous and impetuous, so he was demoted to the position of Sima of Kuozhou, and was later appointed as the governor of Chenzhou.
The emperor returned from Taishan. Yong was arrogant and claimed that he should be the prime minister. Yong always looked down on Zhang Shuo, and Zhang Shuo did not like him. After the trial, Yong was sentenced to death. His fault is to take his talents without asking about his actions. Martyrs adhere to integrity, and warriors do not avoid danger. Therefore, the Jin Dynasty appointed Lin Fu regardless of his faults, and the Han Dynasty appointed Chen Ping regardless of his previous actions.
Qin Xi would rather die, and Bei Guo would be willing to behead his head. In the past, if Lin's father was killed and Chen Ping was executed, Baili Xi would not be used to banish Yan Ying; then Jin would not have the land of Chidi, Han would not have the dignity of the emperor, Qin would not be strong, and Qi would become No hegemony. I saw that Li Yong, the governor of Chenzhou, was resolute and loyal, and would not resort to unfair means to avoid disaster when faced with difficulties. In the past, he defeated Er Zhang and frustrated Webster. Although he was demoted, the traitor's plot failed to succeed. This is a great contribution to the country. What Qi Yong did was to provide alms and support to the orphans, the poor and the sick, and he had no private property at home. Now I heard that he was imprisoned for taking bribes and died on the same day. I have heard that those who live without benefiting the country are better off dying in recognition of their talents.
I am willing to dye my six-foot-long body with blood on my axe and die in place of Yong. Chen and Yong had no contact in their lives. Chen knew Yong but Yong did not know me. It is clear that Chen is not as good as Yong. It is benevolence for a person to recognize talents and recommend them; it is righteousness for a person to be able to bear the hardships of others. If I can do these two good deeds and then die, I will have nothing more to ask for. I sincerely ask Your Majesty to spare Yong's death so that he can change his ways. If I can establish the merits of Lin Fu and Qu Ni, I can rest in peace; if I can follow the thoughts of Qin Xi and Bei Guo, my great wish will be fulfilled. If your majesty thinks that it is not possible to use punishment in the spring, I would like to commit suicide with my sword, without daring to trouble Yousi. Emperor Tianhou Tu can prove it. In the past, Wu and Chu rebelled, and Han gained Ju Meng. There was no need to worry about thieves and bandits. A wise man could defeat the people of the seven kingdoms. I earnestly hope to pave the way for committing crimes and meritorious service, and have the meaning of not caring about flaws. I think of Drama Meng in the distant future and pardon Li Yong in the near future. Moreover, after the great ceremony of sealing Mount Tai, the heaven and earth were renewed, and they were pardoned and exempted. No one is at fault, but a wise person can plan appropriately.
I have heard that a scholar who is a confidant dies. The reason why I am willing to die without being known by those who die for me is not to cherish Yong's talents in particular, but to achieve your majesty's virtue of cherishing talents. "
After the memorial was delivered, Yong was spared death and was demoted to the rank of captain of Zunhua. Kong Zhang was exiled to Lingnan. Yong's wife, Wen, asked for Yong's redemption by guarding the border: "Yong studied articles when he was young and hated evil as much as his enemies. , not tolerated by everyone. The evil sycophants hated him, and the Confucian scholars looked sideways. He left the court many times and was demoted to distant counties for several decades. I sigh about love every year, which sounds sad.
It coincides with the national sacrifice to Mount Tai. When Fajia returned, he offered cattle and wine to receive the emperor's favor. I heard that if you hire a gentleman, you will be worried about sycophants. Yong's misfortune stemmed from this. Yong was successively appointed as a foreign official without being slandered by anyone. He occasionally returned to the court in compliance with God's will, but his sins came one after another. As the proverb says, "No matter whether a scholar is virtuous or unworthy, he will be hated by others when he enters the court." I hope your majesty can see clearly. When Yong was interrogated, he was detained in prison. For five days, he was not even allowed to drink water. As a result, he was dying and had to obey the orders of the jailer. Everything was dictated by the jailer and forced to write down. Lending silkworm seeds to others was said to be a violation of the law, while paying tribute was falsely accused of treachery. The memorials submitted can only be thrown into the wind, and the border guards must be tight and solid. No one can listen to them even if they shout to the sky and seize the earth. Weeping blood, he left the country and threw his bones into the wilderness, never to return. I am willing to let Yong become a soldier and serve the king. Even if he dies on the battlefield, this is Yong's long-cherished ambition. "Don't read the form after submitting it.
Yong later followed the powerful official Yang Sixu in the palace to defeat the Lingnan bandits and was transferred to Lizhou Sima. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (735), he was appointed as the governor of Kuozhou. He liked Xingli Get rid of harm.
Later, he was convicted of false accusation and breaking the law. The emperor knew his name and ordered not to convict him. Later, he successively served as the governor of Zizhou and Huazhou, and sent the accounting book to the capital. At the beginning, Yong had long been famous as a lover of justice. He was reprimanded outside the court for a long time and did not associate with scholar-bureaucrats. After entering the court, people said that his eyebrows were so strange that passers-by gathered to watch him when he went out. Young people came to pay homage, and the streets were crowded. Officials from the palace came to visit and asked for the written articles and presented them to the emperor. Due to the jealousy and slander of others, he could not stay in the court and left the capital to serve as the prefect of Jijun and Beihai.
During the Tianbao period, Zuo Xiao’s guard Cao joined the army and Liu Keli was convicted and imprisoned. Yong Zeng gave a horse to Kai Li, and Ji Wen asked Kai Li to involve Yong Zeng in discussing the country's fortunes, and privately bribed Kai Li generously.
Prime Minister Li Linfu has always hated Yong, so he even sentenced Yong. The imperial edict ordered Qi Shunzhi, a member of the Criminal Department, and Luo Xi, a supervisory censor, to go to the county where Yong was located to kill him. When Yongshi was seventy years old, he was given posthumously as secretary-prison during the reign of Emperor Daizong.
Yong's articles are good at writing odes to monuments. People came to him with money and goods to ask him to write articles. The money collected before and after was tens of thousands.
Although Yong was not successful in his official career, his articles were famous all over the world, and people at the time called him Li Beihai. Lu Zangyong once said, "Yong is like the general Moye. It is difficult to compete with him, but he is afraid of being maimed." Later, Yong's fate was like this. Du Fu knew that Yong had been slandered and died, so he wrote "Eight Poems of Sorrow", which makes people feel sad for him when he reads it. Yong has a bold nature, does not pay attention to details, accepts gifts, and enjoys hunting, but he was finally ruined by this.
Wang Han, courtesy name Ziyu, was from Jinyang, Bingzhou. When he was young, he was bold and vigorous, confident of his talent, and passed the Jinshi examination, but he liked gambling and drinking. Zhang Jiazhen was appointed governor of Bing Dynasty. He appreciated him very much and treated him well. Once Wang Han personally sang and danced to please Zhang Jiazhen, with a majestic and unrestrained air. When Zhang came to Bingzhou, he was more courteous to Wang Han, and recommended him as an outspoken admonisher, transferred to Changle County Lieutenant, and recommended him to the Outstanding Group.
At this time, Zhang Shuo was the prime minister, so he recruited Wang Han as his secretary, Zhengzi, and was promoted to general secretary and member of the driving department. The family had a group of singers and dancers. Wang Hanyi was bossy and considered himself a prince. People all disliked him. After Zhang said that he was dismissed as prime minister, Wang Han was sent to the capital to be the governor of Ru, and then transferred to Xianzhou. He spent the whole day drinking, playing, hunting, and playing drums with the talented and heroic men, so he was demoted to Daozhou Sima. Soon Die.
Li Bai, courtesy name Taibai, was the ninth grandson of Emperor Xingsheng. His father was exiled to the Western Regions for committing crimes in the late Sui Dynasty. In the early years of Shenlong's life, he sneaked back and lived in Brazil. When Li Bai was born, his mother dreamed of the Chang Geng star and named him after him. He was proficient in poetry and calligraphy at the age of ten, and lived in seclusion in Minshan when he grew up. The state recommended him, but he refused. Su Tingye, who was the governor of Yizhou, saw Bai Bufan and said, "This man is an extraordinary genius. With a little training, he can be compared with Sima Xiangru." But Li Bai loved the art of vertical and horizontal movements, liked fencing, and was a knight errant with little wealth. He moved to Rencheng and lived in Xilai Mountain with Kong Chaofu, Han Zhun, Pei Zheng, Zhang Shuming, Tao Mian and others. They drank heartily every day and called him "Zhuxi Liuyi".
In the early years of Tianbao, Li Bai went south to Kuaiji and became friendly with Wu Jun. Jun was called to Beijing and Bai also went to Chang'an. Bai went to see He Zhizhang. Zhizhang read his article and sighed: "You are an immortal." Then he introduced it to Xuanzong. The emperor summoned Bai in the Jinluan Hall to discuss world affairs with him, and Bai presented a eulogy. The emperor gave him food and personally gave him a spoon. He was ordered to worship Hanlin. Bai Yiran was drinking with his drinking buddies in the city.
Once the emperor was in Chenxiangzi Pavilion, fell in love with the scenery, and wanted Li Bai to compose music. He was summoned to the palace, but Bai was already drunk. Sprinkle water on your face from left to right to make the drunkenness subside a little. Give him a pen, and the text will be written in an instant, with beautiful and precise writing. The emperor loved his talents and summoned him at many banquets. Bai Zeng was waiting for the emperor and was drunk in the palace. He asked Gao Lishi to take off his boots for him. Gao Lishi had always been noble, but he was ashamed of this, so he picked on his poems to stimulate Yang Guifei. The emperor wanted to make Li Bai an official, but the imperial concubine always stopped him. Bai knew that the people around the emperor could not tolerate him, so he became more indulgent and unrestrained. Became the "Eight Immortals of Wine" with He Zhizhang, Li Shizhi, Ruyang Wang Li..., Cui Zongzhi, Su Jin, Zhang Xu, Jiao Sui and others. He begged to return to the mountain, and the emperor granted him gold to return him. Bai then traveled around.
Zeng Chengyue and Cui Zongzhi quarried stones to Jinling, and sat in the boat wearing palace brocade robes as if there was no one else around.
Anlushan rebelled, and Li Bai moved between Susong and Kuanglu. King Yong secretly summoned him as shogunate. He concealed his troops and fled back to Pengze in vain. He failed to conceal the truth and was implicated in vain and was sentenced to death.
At first, when Li Bai was in Bingzhou, he saw Guo Ziyi and thought he was extraordinary. Ziyi once broke the law and Bai managed to save him.
This time Ziyi asked to be exempted from his official duties to redeem Li Bai, so he ordered Yelang to be exiled. After encountering the amnesty, he returned to Xunyang and was imprisoned for other matters. At that time, Song Ruosi led three thousand Wu soldiers to Henan. After passing through Xunyang, he released Bai and called him as a staff officer, but resigned soon after. Li Yangbing was appointed as Tu Ling, and Bai went to rely on him. Dai Zongli summoned Li Bai to serve as Zuo Shiyi, but Bai had passed away in his sixties.
Li Bai was fond of Huang Lao's theory in his later years. After passing Niuzhuji to Gushu, I loved the green hills of Xiejia and wanted to stay here until my old age. After his death, he was buried at the eastern foot of this mountain. In the last years of Yuanhe, Fan Chuanzheng, the envoy of Xuanshe Observer, came to offer sacrifices and prohibited people from cutting firewood around the tomb. When I visited the descendants of Li Bai, I found that only two of his granddaughters were married to common people, and they still behaved like everyone else.
So he said sadly: "Your grandfather had his ambition in Qingshan. It was not his original intention to be buried at the east foot of the mountain." Chuanzheng reburied him and erected two monuments. He also told his two granddaughters that he would remarry nobles for them. The two girls said goodbye and said that they had lost their virginity to the people because they were lonely and poor. This was their destiny, so they were unwilling to remarry. Chuanzheng praised their integrity and exempted their husbands from corvee service.
During Emperor Wenzong's reign, Li Bai's poetry, Pei...'s sword dance, and Zhang Xu's cursive script were called the "Three Wonders".
Zhang Xu is from Wu, Suzhou. He was addicted to alcohol. Every time he got drunk, he would run around shouting loudly before he started writing.
Sometimes he writes with his head dipped in ink. After I woke up and looked at it carefully, I thought it was a masterpiece of God. I could never write such good calligraphy again. The world calls him Zhang Dian.
At first, when Xu was appointed captain of Changshu, an old man handed in a petition asking for a verdict. He came again the next day. Xu disliked his trouble and scolded him. The old man said: "I see your old calligraphy is wonderful, I want to collect your calligraphy." Xu then asked him what he had collected. The old man took out his father's calligraphy. Xu looked at it and saw that it was truly a wonder in the world. From this, study carefully and figure out the method. Xu himself said that he got the essence of calligraphy when he saw the princess fighting with the porters and heard the propaganda. I also watched Lady Gongsun dance with swords and learned the charm of the dance. When later generations discuss calligraphy, they all have different views on Ou, Yu, Chu and Lu. As for Zhang Xu, no one can say anything bad. Only Cui Miao and Yan Zhenqing could inherit his writing skills.
Zheng Qian was born in Xingyang, Zhengzhou. In the early years of Tianbao, Ren Xielulang collected world affairs at that time and wrote more than eighty books. Someone peeked at his manuscript and wrote to Zheng Qian to write a history of the country without permission. Zheng Qian burned it in a hurry and was demoted for ten years. Later, when he returned to the capital, Xuanzong loved his talent and wanted him to serve around him. Because he was inactive, he was instead placed in the Guangwen Hall with Zheng Qian as his doctor.
When Zheng Qian heard about the appointment, he didn’t know what the Guangwen Museum was in charge of.
Ask the prime minister, and the prime minister said: "In order to strengthen Confucianism, the emperor set up the Guangwen Museum to gather sages so that future generations will say that you started the post of doctor of Guangwen. Isn't this a beautiful thing?" "Zheng Qiancai took office. Over time, the rain corroded the house, and the relevant departments no longer repaired it, so they settled in the Guozi Pavilion. The post of Dr. Guangwen was abolished from then on.
At the beginning, Zheng Qianzhui recorded and compiled 48 old books that could be remembered. Su Yuanming, the prince of the country, titled his book "Huicui". Zheng Qian was good at painting landscapes and liked calligraphy. He often suffered from lack of paper. Ci'en Temple had stored several rooms of persimmon leaves, so he went to get them every day to practice calligraphy and painting. Over the years, he almost wrote all over these persimmon leaves. He once wrote his own poems and paintings for submission, and Xuanzong wrote in big characters after the calligraphy and painting: "Zheng Qian's three unique skills."
Promoted to be a writer.
An Lushan rebelled and sent Zhang Tongru to hijack hundreds of officials and place them in Luoyang. The thieves appointed Zheng Qian as a doctor of the Ministry of Water. He did not take office because he claimed to have a wind disease. He asked to be the acting city magistrate, secretly using The secret memorial was delivered to Lingwu. The bandit rebellion was put down, and he was imprisoned in Xuanyang together with Zhang Tong and Wang Wei. These three people were all good at painting. Cui Yuan ordered them to paint murals in the study. Zheng Qian and others were afraid of being executed, so they tried their best to seek help from Cui Yuan. They were finally exempted from death penalty. Zheng Qian was demoted to Taizhou Sihu to join the military. Wang Wei only demoted him. Zheng Qian died a few years later.
Zheng Qianzhi was good at geography and was familiar with the dangers of mountains and rivers, the products of important border areas, and the number of soldiers guarding the border. He once wrote "Tianbao Army Defense Records", with elegant writing and detailed facts. Many Confucianists admired him for his ability to write books, and he was known as "Zheng Guangwen" at that time. The official is very poor and frugal, and does not seek fame or fortune. Du Fu once sent a poem saying: "I have only been famous for forty years, and I am a guest in the cold without a blanket."
There was a man named Zheng Xiangru who came from Cangzhou and served Zheng Qian as a teacher, but Qian did not treat him with etiquette. After a while, I asked him what kind of business he was studying. Zheng Xiangru said: "I heard Confucius said: 'The successors of Zhou can be known for hundreds of generations.' I can also know." Zheng Qian was very horrified, and Xiangru continued: "Thirty years after Kaiyuan, we should change In the year of the reign, fifteen years from now, the world will be in chaos, and traitors will usurp the throne and proclaim themselves emperor. You will be slandered by false officials. I hope you can abide by your official duties and avoid disaster." Zheng Qian asked again: "You will be able to do it again. What?" Xiangru replied: "I can serve as an official for three years and die in Quzhou." In this year, Zheng Xiangru passed the imperial examination and was appointed as the captain of Xin'an County. Three years later, Zheng Qian asked the officials and found out that Xiang Ruo was indeed dead, so Zheng Qian remembered his words and finally did not join the rebels.
Xiao Yingshi, courtesy name Maoting, was the seventh-generation grandson of Xiao Hui, king of Poyang in the Liang Dynasty. Grandfather Xiao Jing was a capable and strategic man. When Prime Minister Ren Ya attacked Goryeo, he was appointed as the recorder. When Li Zhen, the king of Yue, raised an army, Xiao Jing came to see him with a simple policy and stated three strategies. The king of Yue did not use them. Xiao Jing thought that the king of Yue would be defeated, so he ran away, lived as a guest and died in Guangling.
Yingshi can write articles at the age of four, and he becomes a Tai student at the age of ten. He can read books and recite them, and he is proficient in the genealogy of hundreds of families and the study of writing. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan, he passed the Jinshi examination and ranked first in the strategic examination. His father Xiao... was convicted when he was the Prime Minister of Ju County. Ying Shi complained to Zhang Weiyi, the governor. Zhang Weiyi said: "Xiao... has a good son. I don't regret being blamed for Xiao..." So. He was rehabilitated and forgiven.
In the early years of Tianbao, Yingshi was appointed as secretary Zhengzi. At this time, Pei Yaoqing, Xi Yu, Zhang Jun, Song Yao, Wei Shu, etc. were all seniors. They valued Xiao Yingshi's talents and treated each other with equal courtesy. From then on, Xiao Yingshi became famous all over the world. He was ordered to go to Zhao and Wei to search for lost books. He stayed for a long time without returning. He was impeached and dismissed by the officials in charge, leaving him to live in Puyang. So Yin Zheng, Wang Heng, Lu Yi, Lu Shishi, Jia Yong, Zhao Kuang, Yan Shihe, Liu Bing, etc. all treated him as a disciple. Xiao Yingshi gave lectures in sequence and was called "Master Xiao". Later he was called to be the director of Jixian School. Prime Minister Li Linfu wanted to see him, but Yingshi was in mourning for his father and would not go. Li Linfu once went to a friend's house to invite Yingshi to meet him. Yingshi went there and cried inside the door waiting for Li Linfu. Li Linfu had no choice but to go to Xiao's house to pay his respects and then left.
Angrily complaining that Yingshi was being disrespectful to him, he transferred him to Guangling to join the military. Yingshi was irritable and could not bear it. He wrote "Ode on Cutting the Cherry Tree" and said: "Choose useless twigs and stay safe under the shade of the branches, even though they are useless. I heard that some people recommended it, but after all, it is not the authentic seasoning." To mock Li Linfu. A gentleman's pity is that his mind is too narrow. When his mother died and he was dismissed from his post, he wandered between Wu and Yue.
Ying Shi once said: "Confucius wrote the Spring and Autumn Annals, which were immutable rules for kings of all generations, while Sima Qian wrote chronicles, books, lists, family stories, and biographies. The narrative was ambiguous and lacked the ability to contain praise or blame in one word. The style of writing is not enough to serve as a guide." So from the first year of the Han Dynasty to the end of the Yining year of Emperor Gong of the Sui Dynasty, one hundred biographies were made according to the chronicle style and the meaning classification method of "Spring and Autumn Annals". When recording the death of Cao Mao, the Gaogui Township Duke of the Wei State, he wrote: "Sima Zhao killed the emperor in Nanque." When recording the abdication of Chen in the Liang Dynasty, he wrote: "Chen Baxian rebelled." Because he was a descendant of the Liang Dynasty, Emperor Xuan of Liang surrendered. After the Western Wei Dynasty, he was established as emperor and inherited the state of Liang. Therefore, Emperor Wu of Liang, the founder of the country, was able to enjoy sacrifices for more than thirty years. In the past, Quwo usurped the throne and became the king of Jin. Duke Wen of Jin was one of the five hegemons, and Confucius and Not disparaging. Therefore, he devalued the Chen and Sui Dynasties and regarded the Tang Dynasty's virtues as inheriting the Liang's fire virtues as orthodox. These are all self-judgments, and various Confucian scholars do not agree with his views.
Wang Xu of Taiyuan, a descendant of Wang Sengbian, wrote "Yongning Wang Fu Liang Shu", which disparaged the Chen Dynasty and did not call him an emperor. Yingshi assisted him, and also wrote "Liang Xiao Shi Ge" and wrote The article "Liang Buchan Chen Lun" explains Wang Xu's purpose and style to make his argument more clear.
Historian Wei Shu recommended Xiao Yingshi to replace him, and the court summoned him to the History Museum to wait for the edict. Yingshi took a chariot to the capital. At this time, Li Linfu was in power and domineering, but Yingshi refused to submit and was even more hated. He was soon dismissed from office and traveled between... and Du. After Li Linfu died, he was transferred to Henan Prefecture to join the military. The Japanese state sent envoys to the court and proposed that the Japanese people wanted to hire Master Xiao as their teacher. Zhang Jian and others from Zhongshushe suggested that it was not possible, so they gave up.
An Lushan was so indulged in his favor that Yingshi secretly said to Liu Bing, "The Hu people will become proud if they are favored, and they will soon cause chaos. Luoyang may fall into the hands of thieves first!" He claimed that he was ill and went to visit Mount Taishi. Then An Lushan rebelled, and Yingshi went to see Guo Na, the Henan envoy, to advise on defense strategies, but Guo Na ignored them. Yingshi sighed and said: "It's really difficult for senior officials to resist the invaders with a childish attitude!" I heard that Feng Feng Chang Qing deployed his troops in Luoyang, and Yingshi went to have a look and came back without spending the night. So he hid his family's books between Jishan and Yingshui, and went to Shannan alone. The Jiedushi Yuanwei recruited him as the secretary. A unit of the rebel army attacked Nanyang. Yuanjian was frightened and wanted to retreat to Jiangling. Yingshi said: "The officers and soldiers are guarding Tongguan. Money and food are in urgent need. They must wait for the food and wages to be transferred from the Jianghuai River to the Huaihe River. And the food road passes through the Han River." , Mianshui, then Xiangyang is the choke point of the world. Once it is lost, the world will be lost. Moreover, you now have dozens of prefectures and counties with a population of millions. Training your troops to eradicate the bandits is a great achievement in defending the country. Between Wei and Shaanxi, why did you throw away the land in a hurry? Do you want to make the world laugh? "Yuan Wei couldn't move out. When An Lushan died, the traitors retreated. After Yuan Wei's death, Xiao Yingshi went to Jinling to live as a guest. Yongwang Li Huo summoned him, but Xiao Yingshi disappeared.
At this time, King Sheng was the ambassador to Huainan, but he stayed in Shu and failed to fulfill his duties. The deputy ambassador, Li Chengshi, neglected armaments and the military strength was sluggish. Xiao Yingshi wrote to Prime Minister Cui Yuan and said: "The supply of the army is now in the southeast, but Chu and Yue are separated by thousands of mountains and rivers in the Central Plains. Since ancient times, the Central Plains has been in chaos, and thieves have started in the southeast. King Sheng should be dispatched in time to guard the Jianghuai River." Soon. , Liu Zhan really rebelled. The thieves surrounded Yongqiu City and threatened the Sishang Army. Chengshi sent troops to rescue them. Before leaving, they held a banquet for the guests and arranged for singers and dancers to perform to help them drink. Xiao Yingshi said, "The emperor is exiled. Isn't this the time for his ministers to enjoy themselves? The reinforcements sent are in a situation where the outcome is uncertain, but they are lingering. Once they want to return, who can risk their lives to serve?" Li Chengshi refused to listen. . Prime Minister Cui Yuan heard about this and appointed Xiao Yingshi as Yangzhou meritorious officer to join the army.
When I arrived, I stayed for two days and then left. Later, he died in a hostel in Runan at the age of fifty-two. His disciples decided to give him a private posthumous title, calling him Mr. Wenyuan.
Yingshi likes to praise the merits of others and takes it as his own duty to recommend and introduce younger generations. Dozens of people, such as Li Yang, Li Youqing, Huangfu Ran, Lu Wei, etc., all became famous people because of Xiao Yingshi's rewards and comments. The world admires him for his ability to identify talents and calls him Xiao Gongcao. He once treated Yuan Dexiu as a brother, and regarded Yin Yin, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Fang, Lu Zhi, Li Hua, Shao Zhen and Zhao Hua as his friends. At that time, they were called "Yin, Yan, Liu, Lu, Li, Xiao and Shao". , Zhao" because they were able to maintain their friendship. Also friends with him were Kong Zhi, Jia Zhi, Yuan Xinggong, Zhang Youlue, his younger brother Xiao Jixiao, Liu Ying, Han Zheng, Chen Jin, Sun Yi, Wei Jian, Wei Shou, etc. Among the above people, only Li Hua can be as famous as Xiao Yingshi, and he is known as "Xiao and Li" in the world.
I once traveled to Longmen, Luoyang with Li Hua and Lu Zhi, and read the inscriptions on the roadside. Xiao Yingshi could recite them at a glance. Li Hua needed to read them twice, and Lu Zhi needed to read them three times before he could remember them completely. People who heard about this thought that the three talents could be distinguished based on this. There was a servant who had served Xiao Yingshi for ten years and was beaten cruelly. Someone advised him to leave. The servant replied, "It's not that he can't leave, but that he only loves him." Yingshi said many times that Ban Biao, Huang Fumi, Zhang Hua, and Liu Kun , Panni can advocate ancient customs and remain unwavering despite being surrounded by popular customs, which is beyond the reach of Cao Zhi and Lu Ji. He also said that Pei Ziye was good at writing books. The only things he could value in the world were the writing and vocabulary of Chen Ziang, Fu Jiamo, and Lu Zang, and the erudition of Dong Nanshi and Kong Shurui.
Xiao Cun, the son of Xiao Yingshi, also named Bocheng, was as loyal and upright as his father. He wrote good articles and was friends with Han Hui, Shen Jiji, Liang Su, Xu Dai and others. Li Qijun, a historian of western Zhejiang Province, reported him as the chief bookkeeper of Changshu. When Yan Zhenqing was in Huzhou, he discussed the origin of ancient and modern rhyme characters with Xiao Cun, Lu Hongjian and others, and wrote hundreds of books. In the early years of Jianzhong's founding, he was promoted four times from the imperial censor to Bibu doctor. Zhang Pang was in charge of finance and taxation and recruited him to stay and work in the capital. Pei Yanling and Zhang Pang were at odds with each other. Xiao Cun was disgusted with Pei's lack of integrity, resigned from his official post, and died of acroparalysis.
Han Yu was appreciated by Xiao Cun when he was young. When he came back from Yuanzhou, he passed by Xiao Cun's former residence in Lushan. Several of Xiao's sons had died first, and only one daughter was still alive. Han Yu helped him financially. his home.
Yin Yin is from Chenjun. Shao Zhen is from Runan.
Huangfu Ran, whose courtesy name was Maozheng, was able to write articles at the age of ten, and Zhang Jiuling was amazed. He and his younger brother Huangfu were both good at writing poetry. During the Tianbao period, he successively passed the Jinshi examination and was appointed as Wuxi county captain. Wang Jin was appointed as the marshal of Henan, and he was appointed as the secretary-general. Gradually promoted to right Buque, died.
Huangfu Zeng, also known as Xiaochang, served as a censor. Their reputation is as good as that of Huangfu Ran. At that time, people compared them to the brothers Zhang Jingyang and Zhang Mengyang.