In order for students to evaluate and revise their own compositions, we must first master the standards and methods of composition evaluation and unify the standardized symbols of evaluation and revision. Therefore, before the first mutual evaluation and correction, teachers should spend at least one class hour to guide students to master the standards and methods of composition evaluation and correction, so that students can have laws to follow in their evaluation and correction.
The specific methods are as follows: after the students finish writing their first composition, the teacher first looks through the composition of the whole class, and selects one representative, high-level and low-level work for fine approval, fine correction, demonstration and explanation. Then, with the help of multimedia, two representative exercises are projected on the big screen (or printed), and students are organized and guided to discuss, and the specific requirements for marking papers are clarified, and the symbols, methods and grading standards for marking papers are unified. Finally, teachers use courseware to show (or write on the blackboard) their own evaluation results for students to learn and refer to, so that students can have examples in their hearts, so that mutual evaluation and mutual correction can be on the right track and lay the foundation for the next group mutual evaluation and mutual correction.
In this process, we should pay attention to guiding students to understand composition evaluation.
"General requirements" and "special requirements". "General requirements" refers to the routine requirements that any exercise must meet, that is, the requirements in conception, material selection, structure, language, punctuation and writing. Specifically, it is to see whether the composition center is clear, whether it has original opinions, and whether it can see the essence through phenomena; See whether the material can effectively express the center, whether it is accurate, typical and novel, whether it is full, and whether the image is full; See whether the structure is rigorous, the thinking is clear, the transition is natural, and the writing is smooth; See if the language is fluent, accurate, concise, powerful and vivid; See if punctuation marks are correct and standardized; See if the handwriting is neat and the number of words meets the requirements. "Special requirements" are the special requirements for a certain point, an aspect and a certain stage in a certain sports training. Regardless of "general requirements" or "special requirements", students should be guided to formulate specific and operable rules.
In addition, students should be guided to master two kinds of comments and writing requirements. Comments are divided into two types: edge comments (eyebrow comments) and general comments (general comments). The marginal notes are usually written in the comment column on the right side of the composition or at the top of the text. They are symbols and characters used to point out the advantages and disadvantages of words, words, sentences, paragraphs and punctuation marks in a composition. The general comment is written at the end of the composition, which is an overall evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of the students' composition. Generally speaking, comments should be to the point, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of the composition, especially the problems existing in the composition, and avoiding some irrelevant, general and irrelevant comments. This kind of regular guidance to students' exercises will help them gradually understand and master the methods of composition evaluation and correction, and further master the rules of composition.
The second is to do a good job in the revision and guidance of the model composition.
Although there are certain standards and requirements for students to revise their own compositions, it is still difficult for students to master the scale of correction without the teacher's demonstration, so the necessary demonstration is an important step for students to correct their compositions well. Teachers should choose different types of compositions (good, medium and poor) in the class to correct, and use the projector to demonstrate and correct, so that students can see at a glance and easily enter the role of "teacher". The main factors that affect students' revision of their compositions are: "I can't see the shortcomings of the articles and I don't know how to revise them." As the saying goes, it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish. At the beginning of the evaluation, teachers need to demonstrate and guide. Choose one or two representative articles from students' compositions and print them out for students to see. Teachers and students jointly revise, so that students can understand that revising a composition should start from the aspects of conception, material selection, structure, language and punctuation, and the symbols used should conform to the general laws. The revised language should conform to the norms, with marginal notes and general comments. It is necessary to point out the main advantages and disadvantages and evaluate the results. Through this typical demonstration correction, students can be inspired to think about the advantages and disadvantages of the article from multiple angles and find ways to improve the quality of the composition.
Third, mutual evaluation and mutual reform.
This is a necessary stage for students to evaluate and correct each other's compositions. On the basis of the revision of the model essay, most of the compositions in the class are handed over to students for mutual evaluation and revision. Each group collectively evaluates everyone's work in the reorganization. The first person who gets the composition is the first reviewer, who is fully responsible for the first composition he gets. The first reviewer gives it to the second reviewer, and so on. Each composition will be reviewed by team members in turn, and the composition will be reviewed according to several steps of collective review. Time limit for each composition
10 minutes to complete, and then the whole group selected this group of model essays to participate in excellent composition exchange.
A person's composition has been evaluated by several people, and their views are not completely consistent. In the evaluation, they think and argue to see if there are any punctuation errors, typos, improper words and sentences, but also think about whether the ideological content is healthy, concrete, centered and organized, put forward their own opinions and suggestions, or write letters to modify them, thus forming a good evaluation atmosphere. This not only mobilized the enthusiasm of all students, but also improved their analysis and error correction ability. Thus, while guiding students to think about how to express their feelings in language and writing, they are inspired to distinguish right from wrong, distinguish beauty from ugliness, promote good and suppress evil, strive for progress, truly cultivate people and improve students' subjective personality. Through composition evaluation, students are more interested and enthusiastic about composition.
Fourth, change the guidance of middle schools.
In the process of students' mutual evaluation and correction, teachers can't stand by and watch, but tour counseling among groups. On the one hand, it helps students solve all kinds of difficult problems encountered in the evaluation process, on the other hand, it finds and corrects problems in the evaluation process at any time. Guide students to discuss typical problems. Correct and guide students' questions and doubts in the process of evaluation, and quickly browse the excellent compositions and comments recommended by each group. At the end of the students' mutual evaluation and revision, briefly summarize and evaluate the situation of this mutual evaluation and revision of the composition.
The overall evaluation of verb (abbreviation of verb) after reform
After mutual evaluation and correction, teachers can't do everything well. Instead, we should put away the composition books that students have corrected, make further corrections, revise them where necessary, and write them down for teaching