Qin Yubo
Qin Yubo (1296～1373), Han nationality, whose courtesy name was Wei Jing and Jing Rong, also known as Rongqing and Kuizhai. A native of Shanghai County, originally from Huaiyang (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu), he was known as Qin Jingrong. Politician, writer, and calligrapher in the Yuan Dynasty (late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty). Born in the Qin family in Hailing, he was a famous writer and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was the first generation of poets of the Wanyue School. He was the eighth grandson of Huaihai Gong Qin Guan (Shaoyou), one of the four scholars of the Su family and one of the four scholars of the Song Dynasty. The grandson of Qin Zhirou, the envoy of Zhongshu Province, the envoy of Zhongshu Provincial Government and Honest Visitor, the son of Qin Lianghao, the inspector of the Imperial Academy, the tax supervisor of Xiasha Salt Transport Envoy, and the envoy of the Western Zhejiang Province. Together with his younger brother Qin Hengbo, they are called the "Two Qin Dynasties".
He became a Jinshi in the fourth year of Zhizheng in the Yuan Dynasty (1344). In the sixth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, he was awarded the title of Uncle Xianyou, and later he was awarded the title of Protector of the Sea. Later generations called him Qin Xianyou and Xianyou Gong. Zhu Yuanzhang called Qin Yubo many times: "Uncle Yu was eloquent and good at argumentation. His memorials were interpreted as the emperor's will, and he was called the emperor." Representative works: "Shanzhou Ci", "Ode to the Temple of Nine Sages", "Shangzhongshu Xiangguoque" "Letter of Appointment", "Letter of Appointment to the Prime Minister Again", "Shanghai County Magistrate's Monument to Congratulate the Doctor".
He once served as Zhaomo of Huguang Province (that is, the official in charge of surveying and auditing in Huguang Province), Yin of Gaomi County in Shandong Province, Langzhong of Fujian Province, Xingtai Shiyushi, Yanping Road General Manager and In charge of Internal Counseling. Farming. During the reign of Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, he served as a scholar, a waiter, a bookkeeper, and a censor.
Chinese name: Qin Yubo
Foreign name: QinYubo
Alias: Kui Zhai
Nationality: Yuan Dynasty
Nationality: Han
Birthplace: Shanghai County, Songjiang Prefecture
Date of birth: Yuanzhen three years (AD 1297)
Date of death: Hongwu, Ming Dynasty Six years (AD 1376)
Occupation: official, scribe and censor, Fujian provincial doctor
Graduation school: Imperial College
Main achievements : Famous poet in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties
Exquisite writing skills
Representative works: Shanzhou Ci, Shanghai Magistrate Zhu Dafu’s Monument
Font size: Zi Wei Jing, Jing Rong, named Rongqing
Era: late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty
Nobel title: Xianyou Bo
Posthumous gift: Protector of the Sea
Later seal: The title of Xianyoubo City God is to be made
Character profile
Qin Yubo, courtesy name Weijing, Jingrong, name Rongzhai, Shanghai County, Songjiang Prefecture (today's Shanghai )people. During the Dade period of the Yuan Dynasty (1297-1307), he settled in Changshouli (Tiqiao), Shanghai County with his parents. In the fourth year of Zhizheng period of the Yuan Dynasty (1344), he became a Jinshi. He served as Zhaomo of Huguang Province, Yin of Gaomi County of Shandong Province, Langzhong of Fujian Province, general manager of Yanping Road, and was also in charge of the internal affairs of agriculture and travel to Taiwan as censor. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he abandoned his official position and returned to his hometown. Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang called him many times and had no choice but to enter the court. He served as a bachelor's degree official, served as an official, and served as a scholar and censor. He also presided over the Gyeonggi examination with Liu Ji, the censor Zhongcheng. Later he went to Longzhou and resigned due to illness and returned home. On July 20, the sixth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (August 8, 1373), he died of illness at home and in Changshou Temple. After his death, he was granted the posthumous title of Xianyou Bo and became the God's Hall of Shanghai County, which remained unchanged through the Ming and Qing dynasties. Gong calligraphy, stele of Shanghai Lingzhu doctor, written by Yang Weizhen in the first year of Hongwu (1368), and his book, "Molin on the Sea".
Biography of the character
Settled in Changshouli
Qin Yubo, courtesy name Weijing and Jingrong, was a native of Shanghai County, Songjiang Prefecture (today's Shanghai). The territory of Songjiang Prefecture is 160 miles from east to west, 173 miles from north to south, 80 miles from the sea to the east, 80 miles from Changzhou County on Pingjiang Road to the west, 90 miles from the Zhongming Prefecture boundary to the south, and 90 miles from the southwest to the southwest. The Haiyan County boundary is 60 miles to the county boundary; the northwest is 150 miles to the Kunshan County boundary to the county 200 miles; the land route is 60 miles to the Jiaxing county boundary to the southwest; the water route is 54 miles to the northeast to Qinglong Town; the water route is from _Dragon enters Wu; Songjiang meets Jiahe Zhi together. From the Yuan Dynasty to the 29th year of the Yuan Dynasty, due to the prosperity of the people, five townships in the northeast of Huating were cut off, and a county was established in the town, under the jurisdiction of Songjiang Prefecture. The name of Shanghai was that it lived on the sea.
Qin Yubo was intelligent but eager to learn. He was taught literacy by his father and was very eager to learn. During the Dade period of the Yuan Dynasty (1297-1307), he settled in Changshouli (Tiqiao), Shanghai County with his father's brothers Liang_ and Lianghao of the Qin family.
The family became increasingly prosperous
At the end of the Song Dynasty, Qin Yu’s uncle Qin Zhirou’s generation fled the war and lived by the Huangpu River. Although they were “descendants of eunuchs”, at this time Already in trouble. About 50 years later, during the Taiding period of the Yuan Dynasty (1324-1328), when Qin Liang became the head of Shanghai County and came to the village, it was already known as "rich land". After Qin Zhirou was appointed as the Zhongshu Provincial Envoy of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, his youngest son Qin Lianghao went to Daming Mansion to study and served as the Imperial Academy's Academic Director, and was later transferred to the Western Zhejiang Province as the Guanlu Envoy. What was the eldest son, Qin Liang, busy with before he took office as the head of the township?
At that time, the social and economic environment of Changren Township was in the midst of vigorous "big development". First, the salt industry was booming, and second, there was a large amount of land reclamation. In the coastal area of ??Zhangren Township, Shanghai County, the industry of boiling the sea and making salt began after Qian _ founded the Wuyue Kingdom at the end of the Tang Dynasty. During the Jianyan period of the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1130), after a salt supervisor was built in the Xiasha area, this area was turned into the Xiasha Salt Farm. The area west of Xiasha is still dominated by agriculture. As the coastal land area gradually expanded, the salt area also moved eastward. By the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the salt area had been moved to the east of Lihutang. The land inside the pond is called Caotian or Yousi land, and it is under the jurisdiction of Changren Township, where it is guaranteed and planned for construction; the land outside the pond is called Zaotian or Salt Division land, which belongs to Xiasha Salt Field, where regiments and kitchens are built.
When Qin Zhirou and Qin Lianghao are officials, they have their own salary guarantees. In addition, they are in a place where the salt industry is prosperous, so their income must be not small. Qin Liang, however, settled in Qinjiahang, Xingtou, and was busy leading his descendants to cultivate wasteland and expand their homes. At that time, in order to promote the "big development" here, the imperial court stipulated that beans and wheat could be used instead of rice to pay land taxes, and later cotton could be used instead of rice to pay taxes. It has attracted more and more immigrants, the land has matured day by day, agricultural production has developed rapidly, and the owners of the land have naturally become rich. It was at this time that the nearby Zhaojialou became famous for recruiting people to farm, and thus formed a town. The nearby Boci Village was a "pink field" with land collected here as a dowry when Emperor Yuan Shun married his sister, Princess Baihua, to the son of Prime Minister Tuotuo. It is said to have hundreds of hectares. This manor built by the Mongolians was already quite large at this time, and the "Salt Iron Pond", a dry river for transporting salt, was excavated from the Huangpu River to the Xiasha Salt Field.
In such a historical opportunity of "big development", Qin Liang_ and his descendants, after several generations of hard work, developed from "refugees" with almost nothing to "rich land", The family has a rich and prosperous family, so that there is a place in the world named "Qinjiaxing" that has been marked in history books. It can be said that they are lucky to have the right time, the right place, and the right people. However, although the Qin family became increasingly prosperous, Qin Yubo was still unable to achieve the ideal journey of "learning well and becoming an official". Qin Yubo settled in Changshouli with his parents when he was less than 10 years old. In the fourth year of Zhizheng (1344), he became a Jinshi and took the post of Zhaomo of Huguang Province and left his hometown for about 40 years.
When he came of age, he married the Chu family here. She was the daughter of a prominent family in Zhoupu area. At that time, the Zhoupu Chu family was quite prestigious. Their ancestor was Chu Yong (about 1101-1165, courtesy name Wenqing, Huagu), a poet in the Song Dynasty. He moved south with the Song Dynasty family and lived in seclusion in the Zhoupu area. In order to commemorate him, later generations also initiated The local area is called "Chuli" or "Huaguli". However, this daughter of a prominent family did not bring good news to Qin Yubo. The couple gave birth to a son, named Shilong, but unfortunately he died early due to illness. Since then, the couple has not given birth to another child.
Ten years as an official
Qin Yubo became a Jinshi at the age of 48 and was appointed as the provincial director of Huguang Province, where he did some specific clerical work and spent six years before he was promoted. . In the tenth year of Yuan Zhizheng (1350), Qin Yubo went to Gaomi County in Shandong Province (now part of Weifang City), a culturally developed country, and was promoted to Qipin County Magistrate. His talents finally got a chance to be fully utilized. He was able to stand alone and was very diligent. According to historical records such as "Shandong General Chronicles" and "Gaomi County Chronicles", the Jiaodong Peninsula in history was a low-lying place with rampant fluoride poisoning and no harvest for nine out of ten years. A local folk song says, "Looking far into the west trench, you can see a vast expanse of water. Everyone has black legs and yellow teeth. All soil is alkali, and there is no field to raise frogs. When the good years come, we will also learn to grow sweet potatoes." Qin Yubo instructed the people to "cut the canal around it to store heavy rain, and build mounds outside the canal to prevent wild damage." After that, "it matured year after year and harvested several husks of dendrobium, hemp, coriander and wheat", thus forming the unique local "Taitian ditch" to resist the disaster of saline-alkali waterlogging.
"Jimo Zhi" recorded by Wanli of the Ming Dynasty records that in the twelfth year of Zhizheng (1352), Dong Shouzhong, the magistrate of Jimo (now part of Qingdao City), built the temple and the Jiuxian Temple, which are nine famous names in local history. Statues of eunuchs and talents were enshrined, and Qin Yubo, the magistrate of Gaomi County, was specially asked to write the "Ode to the Temple of the Nine Sages" and inscribe it on a stone tablet. Qin Yubo was also invited to write "Mizhou Xiuxue Ji" (Mizhou, now Zhucheng City, Shandong Province), which was written by Huang Xiang and included in the "Sikuquanshu Catalog". It can be seen that he was quite famous in Shandong area at that time.
During the three years that Qin Yubo was the magistrate of Gaomi County, he not only did not increase the tax burden on farmers, but also divided the burden of salt farmers into three grades and nine grades according to their output and income, abolishing the original tax burden based on unified standards. The tax method is reasonable and fair. There are often many temporary or additional expenses in the local area. Qin Yubo mobilized farmers to re-sow and cultivate the land that had been abandoned by the government. The harvested grain was used as reception expenses for passing officials. Farmers and citizens did not need to pay additional taxes, and not only food and accommodation were provided. More than enough, and there is still money left to purchase a new batch of horses for use. At that time, the social situation was very unstable, and the imperial court asked various states and counties to build cities to facilitate defense. Under Qin Yubo's planning leadership, the newly built Gaomi County city wall was five miles long, with four gates in the east, south, west and north. The city gates are solid and covered with bricks and tiles to protect them from wind and rain. A wide moat was dug outside the city, and a suspension bridge was erected on the river, which could be retracted at any time. If you want to attack the county seat, you must cross this line of defense. In addition, he also built large-scale public buildings such as the Confucius Temple and the ancestral hall of Zheng Kangcheng, the master of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty, and built a number of office buildings for Gaomi County Yamen. He has opened 42 teaching institutions throughout the county, giving schoolchildren the opportunity to study. This series of political achievements were achieved in more than two years, which shows that he works diligently and loves the people. "Although he launched a major campaign, the people did not bother him."
When Qin Yubo left office, the people wanted to stay in office but could not. In order to praise his merits of diligent government and caring for the people, Mingshan, who was a doctor in the Ministry of Rites in Dadu (now Beijing), was specially invited to write "Qin Yin went to think about the stele". , which records his political achievements in detail. "Qin Yin Qusi Stele Record" was included in "Gaomi County Chronicles·Art and Literature Chronicles". In the spring of the thirteenth year of Zhizheng (1353), Qin Yubo was transferred to Fujian and served as a doctor in Fujian Province. As an official, he used both kindness and power. He once stipulated that when a bandit was captured for the first time, he would be given money and asked to make a living on his own; if he was captured again, he would be given dozens of sticks and ordered to return to farming; for the third time, the several crimes would be combined with the same punishment, and the punishment would be increased, so that the "innocent" would die. , the criminal will be thrown into a lime pit to die.
This is a warning to the roosters and dog robbers to do good deeds and live a clean life. Therefore, during Qin Yubo's reign, thieves disappeared and the people praised him, winning the reputation of "just and capable".
One year after Qin Yubo was appointed as the provincial doctor, he was promoted beyond the level and became the general manager of Yanping Road and also in charge of the internal affairs of encouraging farmers. Later, he was transferred to the imperial censor station (supervisory agency) as the censor. However, soon Qin Yubo "suddenly" resigned. "History of the Ming Dynasty" says that it was "suffering from the chaos of the world", but in fact it was for another reason. In the late Yuan Dynasty, the world was indeed in chaos. The more critical reason is that Qin Yubo had been an official for ten years. Although he was very diligent, he was not really appreciated by the court. Because Da Shitie Mu'er, the official of Nantai who was serving as the imperial censor, "had a rift with the ministers of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces", Qin Yubo was once slandered by the Taiwan ministers who "slandered Si Yifei", so he was naturally very angry. What's more, as a Confucian scholar with a bumpy career, Qin Yubo was engaged in supervisory work at this time and had a deeper understanding of the inside story of officialdom. However, he was unable to turn around, prompting him to gradually lose confidence in the disintegrating situation. In order to take care of his parents who were in their eighties, He finally made up his mind and resigned resolutely in the 14th year of Zhizheng (1354). He first went to Yangzhou to live briefly to visit his ancestors and friends, and then returned to his hometown of Changshouli at the age of 58.
Repeatedly refused recruitment
"Huaihai Genealogy" stated that when Qin Yubo resigned and returned to Changshouli, he was still "intelligent in ears and eyes, tireless in strength, talking about dramas and drinks, and never letting go of the scroll." He has written opinions and mottos in classics, which have been discussed by successive dynasties and read daily. The thought of loving the emperor and patriotism will never be forgotten."
A year later, my father passed away at the age of 78. "There is a book of commandments, and the words are very true." From then on, Qin Yubo and his old mother lived together for another ten years. At that time, Qin Yubo had a close relationship with Wang Feng, a famous poet who lived in Wunijing Town. Wang Feng (1319-1389), whose courtesy name was Yuanji, also known as Wuxizi, also known as Ximaoshan, was from Jiangyin. When he was young, he was smart, diligent and studious, and quite talented, so he was famous in his hometown. He is an honest man, loves his hometown, and cares about the sufferings of the people in his hometown. He has always been proud of being a commoner and did not want to be an official. At that time, Jinling ministers recommended him to become an official, but he declined politely because he was ill. He devoted himself to writing poems and was very talented. He wrote many poems about filial piety, justice and bravery. He lived in Wunijing Town for 17 years and wrote "Wuxi Collection". However, Qin Yubo only enjoyed happiness for two years, and troubles happened one after another. In the 16th year of Zhizheng (1356), after Zhang Shicheng (1321-1367), the leader of the rebel army, occupied Suzhou, he admired his academic name and sent people to recruit talents twice. Qin Yubo refused. In order to avoid trouble, Qin Yubo took his mother to Hengmao in Songjiang to live in seclusion for a period of time.
In the 20th year of Zhizheng (1360), Zhu Yuanzhang defeated Qian Hegao in Shanghai County and raised a rebellion and occupied the Shanghai area. According to legend, Zhu Yuanzhang was extremely suspicious. When he executed Qian Hegao in Nanjing, he saw his white blood spurting out. Therefore, he was always uneasy, fearing that Qian Hegao would turn into a evil ghost and cause trouble for a long time. At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang recruited Liu Ji (also known as Bowen), an old minister of the Yuan Dynasty who lived in seclusion in his hometown, and invited him to serve as an adviser. The result was brilliant, and he not only received powerful assistance, but also won widespread praise. Zhu Yuanzhang found that he lacked culture and resourcefulness, and using senior officials of the previous dynasty to serve himself was a shortcut to defeat the enemy. Therefore, he decided to appoint a high-ranking official of the Yuan Dynasty who was born in Shanghai, which could not only assist him, but also please the local people and offset the danger of Qian Hegao's troubles. In the end, he selected Qin Yubo and "went to the province to appeal to him", intending to appoint him as the circuit censor or the supervisor of farmland and water conservancy in Fujian Province. In the twenty-fifth year of Zhizheng (1365), Qin Yubo's mother passed away and was buried in the Qin family cemetery in Changshouli. Just as he was observing mourning behind closed doors, the situation became tense.
In the first month of the first year of Wu (1367), Zhu Yuanzhang issued the "Book of Engagement of Uncle Yu", and sent people to recruit Uncle Qin Yu to serve. He said with great concern: "The people on the seaside are warlike. Uncle Yu may live here. "Tired", even if he does not want to enter the court, he should be persuaded to move elsewhere. Qin Yubo had just buried his mother and was observing filial piety at home, so he said to the envoy: "It is unfaithful to bear Yuanlu for more than twenty years after eating Yuanlu; it is unfilial to forget to mourn and bow to the mother before the funeral is over." For this reason, he He specially wrote the Letter of Appointment to Prime Minister Li Shanchang, and entrusted his younger brother Heng Bo to rush to Nanjing on his behalf to pay homage to Prime Minister Li Shanchang and respond to Zhu Yuanzhang. Soon, Zhu Yuanzhang basically defeated all the peasant uprising armies and wiped out the remaining forces of the Yuan Dynasty, and proclaimed himself emperor in Nanjing. But he was even more worried that those influential literati would become opponents, so he ordered the Zhongshu Province to promote the recruitment. In April of the first year of Hongwu (1368), Zhu Yuanzhang issued the "Re-employment of Yubo Yushu", repeatedly sweet-talking and persuading him to join the court with examples of summons from past dynasties. Qin Yubo, who was 72 years old at the time, insisted that he could not afford to be ill. He also responded with a "Letter of Appointment to the Prime Minister Again". He still refused hard and asked to "throw a deer in the mountain and release a fish in the abyss. If it does not go out of scope, everything will be in its natural state."
However, Zhu Yuanzhang did not give up. In the same month, he sent Qin Yubo the "Sanpin Yu Bogong Imperial Letter", pursuing him with stern words and refusing to let go. According to legend, the messenger's words were quite intimidating, and he asked Qin Yubo: "The world is settled, and I can't leave. What do you want to do?" He even declared: "If you can't stand it, you may regret it." Faced with the irresistible power politics, Qin Yubo I am afraid that if I continue to disobey my order, I will be killed and even my family will be affected. He sighed and said: "This is all very pressing, you can see it." So he had no choice but to bid farewell to his hometown with tears and follow the envoy to the court. Qin Yubo's choice became the focus of controversy in the future.
As for Qin Yubo's state of mind at that time, there are other facts to investigate: In August of the same year, at the invitation of the famous writer Yang Weizhen (1296-1370, courtesy name Lianfu, also known as Tieya), he wrote in handwriting what he had written for Zhu Ting, the first magistrate of Shanghai in the Ming Dynasty. The "Shanghai County Magistrate Zhu Dafu Monument" (this monument was destroyed by Western soldiers in the 11th year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty). A few years ago, the hero Qian Hegao raised troops and once captured Shanghai County. Zhu Ting was appointed by Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang to recover Shanghai County and later served as county magistrate. Qin Yubo happily wrote an inscription for Zhu Yuanzhang's official official. In addition to dealing with Yang Weizhen, who was also a Yuan minister and refused Zhang Shicheng's recruitment, it also showed that his mood at that time was to seek peace in the world regardless of the past and present.
After Qin Yubo entered the court, he was awarded a bachelor's degree in Hanlin, but he was dismissed from the post. The following year, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Qin Yubo, a bachelor at the time, and Zhan Tong, a direct bachelor of the Hanlin Academy, as consultants. Soon, he became the censor (specializing in document processing). After the establishment of examinations in the third year of Hongwu to obtain scholars, Qin Yubo and Liu Ji, the imperial censor Zhongcheng and Taishi Ling, were both the chief examiners of the capital. "History of the Ming Dynasty" states that Qin Yubo "came out to know Longzhou and died in officialdom". This statement is also wrong. Zhu Yuanzhang asked Qin Yubo, who was 75 years old, to go to the northwest region to serve as the magistrate of Longzhou, which was actually a demotion of his official position. Qin Yubo refused to resign due to illness and returned to his hometown. In this regard, when Cao Yishi, a Jinshi in the eighth year of Yongzheng reign in the Qing Dynasty (1730), wrote the "Ode to the God of Shanghai City God", he commented that "it clears the doubts of the Lord, enlightens the people's wisdom, and does not hesitate to go to work for the people of the country." Descendants of Qin Gong Qin Rongguang wrote a poem praising: "As soon as I entered the dynasty to save all living beings, I was willing to take five fights to break my waist. The iron clothes of the old man who returned to the mountain are still white, and his faith in history has not been marked for thousands of years." July 20, the sixth year of Hongwu (August 1373) On the 8th), Qin Yubo passed away quietly at home. Moreover, in order not to bring harm to future generations, he would rather bury his legacy, never take a concubine, and resolutely cease all relations with each other in order to disappear.
Pushed to the altar
In the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1370), Zhu Yuanzhang briefly determined the Central Plains and granted the title of meritorious officials, dividing them into kings, dukes, marquises and uncles. In addition to conferring different titles on the founding heroes, the city gods in various places were also conferred the title of "Uncle Xianyou". The purpose of Ming Taizu's move was to "observe the good and evil of the people and bring disaster and blessing to them, so that You Ming's actions will not be spared." The City God has thus changed from a guardian god to a supervisory system in the underworld. Therefore, Taoism calls the City God's duties as cutting off evil and rebellious people, ruling over the souls of the dead, etc. During Qin Yubo's lifetime, Zhu Yuanzhang called him three times but refused. There is also Qian Hegao in the Shanghai area who may turn into a serious ghost and cause trouble for a long time. After Qin Yubo's death, Zhu Yuanzhang had been uneasy. In order to win over the famous gentry in the south of the Yangtze River, he decided to "be my ministers in life and defend our land in death". He personally named Qin Yubo "Xianyoubo" and called him "Shanghai City God's Hall".
Zhu Yuanzhang must have been extremely dissatisfied that Qin Yubo did not go to Longzhou to serve as magistrate during his lifetime, and "he was not my minister". Therefore, I will make you the God of Shanghai County City, and I won’t worry about you refusing to take up your post. Moreover, the title of County God is the same as the rank of Longzhou magistrate, neither derogatory nor commendable, and "defend our land to the death". Liu Ji, the censor Zhongcheng who was also the examiner of the capital city with Qin Yubo, was appointed as a bachelor of Hongwen Hall by Zhu Yuanzhang in the third year of Hongwu. He was awarded the title of "the founder of Yiyun, the upright civil servant, the good scholar, the good doctor, the protector of the army", and the title of "Uncle Sincerity". Because the ancestral tomb of the Qin family is located in the north of Tamjing Temple, and Tamjing Temple was once the Hall of the City God of Huating County, after Qin Yubo was named the "Chenghuang Hall of Shanghai City", worship of Qin Yubo began here. From then on, the 21st day of the second lunar month was designated as the birthday of Shanghai County City God Qin Yubo, and the 28th day of the third lunar month was designated as the birthday of the "City God Queen". In the 30th year of Hongwu (1397), Zhang Shouyue, the magistrate of Shanghai, transformed Huo Guangxing Temple (also known as Jinshan Temple) into the County God's Temple, and the "Shanghai City God's Zhengtang" was moved to the back hall of the County God's Temple in Shanghai County. During the Ming Dynasty, Shanghai City was located at the corner of the sea and was frequently invaded. Especially during the Jiajing period, Japanese pirates attacked five times, and the people suffered greatly. As a result, the legend of Qin Yubo's "appearance" became more and more bizarre. The Temple of the City God is becoming increasingly popular and the temple is constantly being expanded. People hope that the City God can bless everything.
Since the 14th year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1535), a plaque reading "Guarantee Haiyu" has been hung high at the main entrance of the Shanghai City God's Temple. In the eleventh year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1872), Qin Yubo was named "Hai Gong" by Emperor Tongzhi. Under the call of the patrol to collect treasures, the Shanghai City God Temple took the opportunity to undergo major renovations. Cao Yishi, a native of the city, published the "Preface to the Ode to the God of the City God of Shanghai County", which made the story of "the City God's appearance to avoid the massacre of the city" more and more true and widely spread. .
Main Achievements
Literature
Qin Yubo’s compositions are harmonious and rhythmic, pursuing sophistication. Judging from the laws of literary development, from simplicity to gorgeousness, from simplicity to complexity, it is an inevitable trend. As Xiao Tong said: "Add to the story to enhance its splendor, change its essence to intensify it, and since the things are there, the literature should also be the same." Lu and Pan developed Cao Zhi's "luxurious diction" side and expressed their views on China. It contributed to the development of poetry and promoted the development of landscape poetry in the Southern Dynasties and the maturity of rhythm and antithesis techniques.
The poems handed down by Qin Yubo include "Shanzhou Ci" and other representative works. There are 6 articles of Qin Yubo's works, including "Ode to the Temple of Nine Sages", "Records of Studying in Mizhou", "Shangzhongshu Xiangguo Que's Letter of Appointment", etc. His friend Li Shizhan, the Minister of Household Affairs, once praised him: "I have known the scenery for fifteen years, and it is quite possible to say that I know each other." He specially wrote a poem of Qi Jue as a thank you: brocade is cut from five colors of silk, and thousands of square meters are used to make it. Feeling ashamed to lose to Tiansunqiao, ordinary girls will never get off the plane from now on.
Calligraphy
Qin Yu Bo Gong's calligraphy, his work "Shanghai Lingzhu Doctor Stele" is a rare authentic calligraphy of a celebrity. It was written in the first year of Hongwu (1368) in response to the famous writer Yang Weizhen ( 1296-1370, at the invitation of Lianfu, nicknamed Tieya), he handwritten the "Shanghai Magistrate Zhu Dafu Monument" written by him for Zhu Ting, the first magistrate of Shanghai in the Ming Dynasty (this monument was destroyed by the hands of Western soldiers in the 11th year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty) .
Personal Works
Very few of Qin Yubo’s works have been published. Here are excerpts one by one: "Shanzhou Ci", "Ode to the Temple of Nine Sages", "Mizhou Xiu Xue Ji", " "Send the Letter of Appointment to Prime Minister Que", "Send Letter of Appointment to Prime Minister Que", and "Shanghai County Magistrate Zhu Dafu Monument".
"Jimo Zhi" recorded by Wanli of the Ming Dynasty records that in the twelfth year of Zhizheng (1352), Dong Shouzhong, the magistrate of Jimo (now part of Qingdao City), built the temple and the Jiuxian Temple, which are nine famous names in local history. Statues of eunuchs and talents were enshrined, and Qin Yubo, the magistrate of Gaomi County, was specially asked to write the "Ode to the Temple of the Nine Sages" and inscribe it on a stone tablet. Qin Yubo was also invited to write "Mizhou Xiuxue Ji" (Mizhou, now Zhucheng City, Shandong Province), which was written by Huang Xiang and included in the "Sikuquanshu Catalog".
Character evaluation
"History of the Ming Dynasty": "Yu Bo, courtesy name Jingrong, a famous person. He was an official in Yuan Dynasty, and he became a doctor in Fujian Province. He abandoned his official position and went to Yangzhou in the chaos of the world. After a long time, he returned to Shanghai. After his mother's funeral, Zhang Shicheng sent someone to recruit him, but he refused. Carrying it away for more than a year is disloyal. It is unfilial to go out without mourning before the mother's death is over. "That's why he sent a letter to Zhongshu. In the first year of Hongwu's campaign, he resumed the expedition and claimed that he was not sick. The emperor wrote in his handwriting and said: "The people of the seaside are aggressive, and Yu Bo's wise men live here. If they can't hold on, they may regret it. "Yu Bo worshiped the book and burst into tears. He had no choice but to go to the court with the envoy. He was awarded a bachelor's degree by his attendants, but he refused to accept it. With Zhang Yining and other retinues, they climbed Zhongshan to embrace the Cui Pavilion and wrote poems in his letters. They were very favored. In the second year, the waiting system was changed, and he was appointed as the official secretary. In the third year, the imperial edict was issued to recruit scholars, and Yubo and Yushi Zhongcheng Liu Ji were appointed as the chief examiners in the capital. He was known as "Longzhou" and died as an official. "Gaomi County Chronicles" "Famous Officials" chapter: "He broke the prison, built a city, built a tomb, built embankments, and built a school for the people." "Li Shizhan said in "Economic Collected Works": "Mr. Qin Jingrong sang songs and laughed yesterday, and forgot about poetry and wine. This is a joy, but it hurts one's talent. The bumpy road of officialdom is a humiliation, and it can't be extricated from it. This is an old friend, and the poem is full of ambition and elegance. "< /p>
"Huaihai Genealogy": "His ears and eyes are smart, his muscles are tireless, he talks about dramas and drinks, and his hands never let go of the scrolls. The opinions and classics and mottos written in his life have been reported to the past dynasties, and they are read every day. The thought of loving the emperor and patriotism, Geng Geng cannot forget it."
Zhu Yuanzhang: "The people on the seaside are very aggressive, and it would be very tiring for Uncle Yu to live here."
"Huang Ming Allusions": Hongwu 4th year. In July, when Zhu Yuanzhang was discussing the use of generals with his courtiers, he said: "Qin Yubo once said that in ancient times, emperors used military ministers, which may make fools greedy. Although his saying was based on Sun Wu, his words were wrong. A military minister can measure the enemy and win. How can it be called foolish to be wise and courageous? How can it be called greedy to attack a city and sacrifice one's life for the sake of the country? If you are greedy and foolish, you cannot use it." , I will sacrifice my life to pray for the people of the country."
Qin Rongguang: "As soon as I entered the court to save thousands of lives, I was willing to break my waist for five buckets. The old iron clothes are still white, and I have not marked the eternal festival. ”
Zhu Yuanzhang: “If you are not a minister in life, you will defend our land in death.”
Tang Yin: “The city’s clothes are due to Long Gong’s diligence, and the imperial decree comes from Lin. Wonderful achievements, great legacy in death. Oh, this man, the mountains and rivers are like the wind, and the Qin Dynasty will last forever! The Lord repeatedly issued five-color edicts, and the ministers were not affected by the conflict between the two dynasties. They traveled to Taipei for a long time, and were in Henan. Now the ancient jade is buried in Longpu, and who is behind it?"
Family members
Eighth ancestor
Qin Guan (1049-1100), also known as Shaoyou and Taixu, was born in Gaoyou, Jiangsu. Also known as Hangou Jushi, scholars call him Huaihai Jushi. A famous litterateur and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, he was the first generation of poets of Wanyue School and Huaihai Gong, a direct scholar of Longtuge. Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty became a Jinshi in the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085). Representative works: "Magpie Bridge Immortal", "Huaihai Collection", "Huaihai layman's long and short sentences". He once served as a doctor of Taixue (that is, an instructor at a national university), secretary of the provincial government, and editor of the Academy of National History.
The Seventh Generation Ancestor
Qin Zhan, whose birth and death dates are unknown, was given the courtesy name Chudu, his name was Jichuan, his line name was Daqi (his first name was Zu Qi), and he was a native of Gaoyou (now part of Jiangsu Province). The son of Qin Guan. He once served as You Fengyi Lang, supervisor of various military planning departments, and official Xuanjiao Lang. In the second year of Shaoxing (1132), he was sent to Changzhou. He became an official in four years (1134). Less eager to learn, good at painting landscapes. I have annotated "Lu Haowen Huitian Lu" and there is a volume of "Silkworm Book". One of the poems is preserved in "Bu Suanzi" and can be found in Volume 4 of "Selected Poems of Sages of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Qin Zhan was also good at poetry and even sang harmoniously with Li Zhiyi. His article can only be found in "Records of Xipushan Temple" in the first volume of "Xishan Qinshi Wenchao". He is the ancestor of the Qin family in Changzhou.
The sixth generation ancestor
Qin Nanweng lived in Qin Village, Xintang Township, Piling, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. There are four sons, one is Zhao, one is Xu, one is Xi, and one is Lie. Descendants have multiplied in Wuxi County, Changzhou Prefecture. In the Ming Dynasty, the owner of Jichang Garden, the censor of Youdu, and the governor of Huguang, Qin_, are the descendants of Qin Nanweng.
Fifth generation ancestor
Qin Zhao, the eldest son of Qin Nanweng. His name is Xiaowu, his courtesy name is Shiming, and his nickname is Yinnan. He lives in Qin Village, Xintang Township, Piling, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. He has two sons, one is Shiyin and the other is Master.
Qin Xu, the second son of Qin Nanweng. His name is Xiaoshi, his courtesy name is Shihe, and his nickname is Zhennan. He served as a professor in Changzhou Prefecture and served as a military commander. He lives in Qin Village, Xintang Township, Piling, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. He has three sons, one is his teacher Kong, one is his teacher Meng, and one is his teacher Zeng.
Qin Xi, the third son of Qin Nanweng. His name is Shiyong and his nickname is Lizhai. He lives in Qin Village, Xintang Township, Piling, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. He has a son named Min, a famous teacher.
Qin Lie, the fourth son of Qin Nanweng. His name is twenty, his courtesy name is Shiwei, and he lives in Qin Village, Xintang Township, Piling, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. There is a son named Gu.
Gaozu
Qin Shimin, Qin Xizi. There are four sons, one is Zongxian, one is Zongmai, one is Zongshu, and one is Zongqu.
Qin Shiyin (uncle great ancestor), the eldest son of Qin Zhao, was named twenty-three. There are four sons, one is Zongqi, one is Zonggui, one is Zongxue, and one is Zongli.
Master Qin (uncle great ancestor), the second son of Qin Zhao, was named twenty-seven. He has three sons, Zongwen, Zonglu and Zongren.
Qin Shikong (uncle great ancestor), the eldest son of Qin Xu. On the 21st, one person is on the same track, with the word Zhidao. He has a son named Zongjin.
Qin Shimeng (uncle great ancestor), the second son of Qin Xu. On the 22nd day of his reign, a man named Tongwen was named Zhixue, and he died early.
Qin Shizeng (uncle great ancestor), the third son of Qin Xu. On the 28th day of his reign, a man named Tong Lun, named Zhixiao, was appointed as the chief registrar of Lanxi County, a relocation official. There are three sons, one is Zongya, one is Zongju, and one is Zongxuan.
Qin Shigu (uncle great ancestor), Qin Liezi, lived in Qin Village, Xintang Township, Piling, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province.
Great-grandfather
Qin Zongzhen, also known as Maozhi.
Qin Zongmai, courtesy name Yizhi, was a doctor named Jin Ziguanglu.
Grandfather
Qin Zhirou (1233～1306), whose courtesy name was Yihe and whose nickname was Jiezhai. During the Xianchun period of the late Song Dynasty (1265-1274), "when the Yuan soldiers were crossing the river, they took the genealogy of their ancestors and the imperial edicts given to them, and crossed the river to the south." He led his family to live on the bank of the Huangpu River. The land was divided among the five brothers. Migrate. He once served as the Zhongshu Provincial Envoy of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, and later concurrently served as the Zhongshu Provincial Envoy to Suppress Government and Integrity, in charge of supervision affairs. In the tenth year of Dade (1306), after Qin Zhirou passed away, "the couple was buried together in the sun of Wunijing, which is now on the right side of Zhaojiabang and north of Danjing Temple in Shanghai County." During the burial, the famous calligrapher Zhao Meng also came. He expressed condolences and inscribed the tombstone "The tomb of Qin Gong, Mr. Jiexiao, a scholar of the Yuan Dynasty".
Father
Qin Lianghao (1278～1355), whose courtesy name was Xinfu and his nickname was Shuzhai. Under the tutelage of Xiao, he collected more than 300 pieces of Mongolian literature, history, biographical stories and important contributions, and compiled them into the Chinese encyclopedia of knowledge "Zi Tong". And the Uighur questions and answers were compiled into "Chui Wan Ji". He is an extremely rare Mongolian expert of Han origin. At that time, there was no one among the Han people who could learn Mongolian literature better than anyone else, so he was appointed as the Imperial Academy Supervisor at a young age. However, he was "indifferent and uninterested, living in seclusion as a professor, and could not be reached by anyone outside. When officials came, "Everyone pays homage to him, talks to him, speaks with sincerity, and is impressed by him even if it suits the situation." "His daily words and actions are all based on morality, and everyone calls him a gentleman who practices sincerely." During the Dade period (1297-1307), Qin Lianghao was recommended by the scholar Kou of the Han Dynasty to promote Wanyan strategies, and was promoted from Guozijianxuelu to Western Zhejiang Province. As a result, Qin Lianghao and his family returned south to Shanghai.
Uncle
Qin Liang_ (1276~1333), whose courtesy name was Weifu and whose nickname was Yizhai, was "upright, dignified and dignified, and a good chivalrous person". During the Taiding period of the Yuan Dynasty (1324-1328), the Qin family "had prosperous fields and acted as the head of Shanghai County and the upright person in the township." "Huaihai Genealogy" also said that Qin Liang was upright, "equal and upright, governed the people well, and litigious." The people asked for judgment and knew the merits, and everyone surrendered without complaining. They sighed and said: "I would rather be punished than to be short-changed by the king of Qin." In the second year of Shun (1331), he was transferred to Xiasha Yanyun. As a tax supervisor, he was 56 years old at this time. Therefore, "the camp was used as a resting place", and the place of residence at that time should be in the 19th Bao 60th Map of Changren Township, Shanghai County, which is very close to the Xiasha Salt Field.
Brothers
Qin Hengbo, named Weitong and named Lanzhai, liked to read Taoist books, take food to seek immortality, and traveled all over the world's famous mountains.
Historical records
Qin Yubo is said to be the eighth grandson of Qin Guan in the Song Dynasty. He lived in Huaiyang (now Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province). His father Lianghao was a supervisor of the Imperial Academy. Zu Zhirou was an envoy to Zhongshu in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. He lived in Shanghai during the Xianchun period in the late Song Dynasty.
In 1344 (the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Zhizheng of the Yuan Dynasty), Yu Bozhong became a Jinshi, with successive official positions: Zhaomo of Huguang Province, Yin of Gaomi County of Shandong Province, Langzhong of Fujian Province, Xingtai Shiyushi, and Yanping