Edit the translation of this paragraph.
1. A gentleman's character should be cultivated by tranquility and frugality. If you don't look down on worldly fame and fortune, you can't be clear about your ambitions. Without peace, you can't be far-sighted. Learning must be quiet, and knowledge needs to be learned. You can't broaden your knowledge if you don't study, and you can't succeed if you don't make up your mind to study. You can't strive for progress if you are addicted to procrastination, and you can't refine your temperament if you are paranoid and impetuous. As the years fly by, the will fades day by day, so it gradually withers, and most of them can't integrate into society, sadly guarding the poor home. It will be too late (regret)! 2. People with high moral character and both ability and political integrity cultivate their body and mind by inner peace and concentration, and cultivate their moral character by frugal style. Without worldly fame and fortune, you can't define your ambitions, and without physical and mental peace, you can't realize your lofty ideals. You must concentrate on your studies, and you must study hard to increase your talents. If you don't study hard, you can't increase your intelligence. If you don't have a clear ambition, you can't achieve anything in your study. Excessive enjoyment and laziness can't make progress, and frivolous impatience can't cultivate temperament. Over time, the will will wear away with the passage of time, and finally it will be as useless to society as dead leaves. How can you stay in a broken house and sigh sadly? (Poor Lu can also be solved as an empty mind. ) 3. People with moral cultivation practice like this: (Gentleman's Journey) They make themselves perfect through meditation and vigilance. Cultivate noble character with thrift. There is no other way to make your ambition clear and firm except to be pure and indifferent to fame and fortune. In order to realize their lofty ideals, there is no other way to study hard for a long time except peace and tranquility. If you want to learn real knowledge, you must live a stable life and let your body and mind concentrate on research and discussion in peace. People's talents must be accumulated from continuous learning. There is no other way to make a person's talents grow, broaden and develop except to study hard. There is no other way to make progress and success in your study except perseverance. Being greedy for pleasure and being lazy can't encourage your mind to cheer up and make continuous progress. You can't be energetic if you are slow. You can't cultivate your nature and make your character noble if you are reckless and rash. Time flies, let it pass, and the will will fade away day by day. Time goes by, meaning goes by. ) They will turn to ashes like old leaves and become useless people. Such people are useless to society, and most of them can't integrate into society. I can only be trapped in my poor house and sigh sadly. (Sorry for the poor) By the time you know that you have to repent and turn over a new leaf, it will be too late. (What will happen? )
1, the main content of this article? A: It is written that Zhuge Liang hopes that his son will cherish time, study hard and achieve something. 2. What is the author's intention in writing this letter? A: Zhuge Liang wrote this letter to warn his son to cherish time and encourage him to study hard. There are two sentences in the article that are often used as the motto of "aim high". Please write these two sentences? A: If you are not thin (indifferent), you can't be clear-headed, and if you are not quiet, you can't stay away. 4. What are the two aspects of the Admonishment? A: Both material life and spiritual life are merits. 5. What did the author discuss? How to discuss it from these aspects? A: From three aspects: conduct, study and ambition. Talk: Quiet, indifferent and working hard as soon as possible are also discussed together. 6. What is the sentence at the center of this article? A: You can't be clear-headed if you are not far away, and you can't be quiet if you are not far away.
Most of the ancient family instructions condensed the author's life experience, life experience and academic thoughts, from which not only his descendants benefited a lot, but also today's readers can benefit a lot. Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms, was praised as "the embodiment of wisdom" by later generations. His Book of Commandments can also be described as a family instruction full of wisdom, and it is a famous article in ancient family instructions. The article is short and pithy, expounding the profound truth of self-cultivation and scholarship, which makes people think deeply. In the Ten Commandments, a gentleman's journey is to cultivate virtue and save Xiu De. If you don't stay in the garden, you will be unclear, restless and not far away. If you study quietly, you must study. If you don't study, you won't learn widely. If you have no ambition, you can't succeed. If you are slow, you can't be energetic, and if you are dangerous, you can't be radical. Time keeps pace with the times, meaning keeps pace with the day, and then it becomes withered and out of touch with the world. Sad to keep poor, what will happen! This is how people with moral cultivation exercise themselves. They perfect themselves through meditation and introspection, and cultivate their noble character through thrift. Without a clear heart and desire, you can't make your ambition clear and firm. Without stability and tranquility, you can't study hard to realize your lofty ideals for a long time. To learn true knowledge, we must study and discuss it peacefully, and human talents are accumulated from continuous learning; You can't grow and develop your talents without hard work; Without firm will, you can't succeed in your studies. Indulgence and debauchery, negative neglect can not make the mind cheer up; Taking risks rashly and being impatient can't cultivate your character and make your moral integrity noble. If the years go by, the volunteers will be killed at any time, and they will eventually grow old like dead leaves. Such people will not be used by society but will benefit society, and will only be sadly trapped in their poor home. It's too late to regret it. In the above article, there is no substantial difference between the development of "morality, ambition and learning" mentioned by Zhuge Liang and the educational content accepted by everyone in the 1970s and 1980s, which can be described as "morality, intelligence, physique and beauty". "Virtue" of course refers to moral education, as well as moral education and moral cultivation. "Wisdom" refers to intellectual education, that is, academic performance; "Physical exercise" refers to physical exercise, which requires a good body to complete various tasks; "Beauty" refers to physical and mental perfection, physical beauty and spiritual beauty, which is closely related to morality, intelligence and physique, so it is not mentioned too much later, mainly referring to the all-round development of morality, intelligence and physique. Now it seems that everyone must strengthen the cultivation and exercise in these aspects in the process of learning and growing up, and each content is extremely important. Otherwise, it is difficult to achieve the goal of every stage of social development.
In fact, our country from ancient times to the present, from philosophers and educators such as Confucius, Laozi, Mencius and Xunzi, to Zhuge Liang, and then to every great man in modern times, all pay attention to the cultivation and improvement of moral conduct first. Without developing good and noble moral conduct, it is difficult to meet the needs of society, let alone stand on the society. First, we should constantly meditate and reflect. This is also what we advocate: we should constantly check ourselves, be good at discovering the shortcomings and mistakes in our thoughts and souls, thoroughly reflect on ourselves, check ourselves, and prevent our ideological and moral deficiencies from flooding unconsciously. Second, be frugal. People who are good at weeding know the truth, but if they are not good at frugality, or forget the pain they suffered before because of temporary happiness, they will still fall into an undue wrong position. To be frugal at all times is actually to keep a clear head and constantly check yourself. Don't be complacent because of the improvement of living conditions, or even go to corruption. From ancient times to the present, almost every dynasty has declined because it failed to keep frugality when it started hard, and once it is extravagant and wasteful, it will make unforgivable mistakes and the consequences will be irreparable. For example, during the Warring States period, Wu and Fu Cha, the king of Wu, were obsessed with the beauty of stones all day, and no longer cared about the rule of North Korea and the strengthening of national defense. As a result, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, took advantage of his weakness to send troops to destroy Wu when he sent troops to attack other countries, which led to the tragic situation that Fu Cha, the King of Wu, committed suicide and the Chinese people went into exile. How important it is to be frugal and always be vigilant! Third, a pure heart and less desire can make you firm. Not everyone is born a great man or a saint. Kong had a rough life. Although he was ambitious, he failed to personally change the destiny of the country and the people and change the historical process. However, his Confucianism has influenced China people from generation to generation, and has had a far-reaching impact on the people of China for more than 2,000 years. As ordinary people, it seems unnecessary for us to imagine who we can change history, control and manipulate by our own efforts. Only by abstinence can we always keep a clear head, never forget the ambitions and goals we should set and have set, and pursue them tirelessly. Even if I struggled all my life, I didn't succeed. At least it shows that we have worked hard, and we have not changed our minds. We have faith and are willing to fight for our ideals. As professional judges, our ideal is to pursue the supremacy and inviolability of the law and realize justice and fairness through the implementation of the law. Anyone who is above the law will be humiliated by society and spurned by people. In order to achieve the ideal state, we must maintain a good mentality, be pure in heart, take social justice as our responsibility, strive to overcome the invasion of bad social atmosphere, improve moral cultivation in practice, and remove stumbling blocks and obstacles on the way forward.
Zhuge Liang said in the commandment that "a husband must study quietly before he can learn;" If he doesn't study, he can't study extensively; If he doesn't want it, he won't succeed. " This means that without stability and tranquility, you can't study hard for a long time to realize your lofty ideals. To learn real knowledge, you must let your body and mind study and discuss in peace, and people's talents are accumulated from continuous learning; You can't grow and develop your talents without hard work; Without firm will, you can't succeed in your studies. Mr. Zhuge's exposition has been very incisive. Combined with the current work practice, I'm afraid we need to make efforts in the following aspects: (1) Exercise in study. The reality now is that everyone's academic qualifications are getting higher and higher. There is no doubt that the young bargains who came to see us have been studying hard for a long time. Without long-term efforts, they will not become one of us. However, we must be soberly aware of this reality. Before you come to practice, after all, what you have learned is only the knowledge in books. Whether the knowledge in books is rich and profound enough and can be applied needs the test of practical work. It is generally acknowledged that the separation between theory and practice is common in all walks of life, ancient and modern, at home and abroad, and it is not just talk. How to make theoretical knowledge applied and available in practice must be done: First, it must be tested repeatedly in practice, so as to further develop the application of theoretical knowledge and prevent rigidity and uselessness. Second, we should constantly strengthen practice, because theory often lags behind practice and a lot of knowledge needs to be enriched and developed in practice. This is the expansion of practice, which opens up space and enriches practice, which in turn can affect the revision and continuous improvement of theory. This is actually a good way for us humans to strengthen our self-improvement. Why can't we make full use of it? To exercise in study and learn in exercise is to encourage people to constantly improve themselves in practical work and seek theoretical renewal and development in practice. (2) Perseverance. Before, many people stopped working hard because of difficulties in work and life, and even gave up their studies and research directions. In the end, they really got nothing. For this, it seems that we should learn from the firm and persistent learning attitude advocated by Mr. Kong Ming. No matter in the past, present and future, you may encounter all kinds of difficulties. If you don't have a good attitude, you may really give up easily and eventually become indifferent. I think everyone doesn't want to be a person without ideals, nor do they want to be a person who has accomplished nothing. Everyone is considering treating their study, work and career with a hundred times confidence, a thousand times enthusiasm and a million times efforts. The result is that success far exceeds the possibility of failure. Especially when we have a successful example in front of us, will we still hesitate? The power of example is infinite. The example has strengthened our confidence and given us the strength to move forward and struggle. Only by being down-to-earth and working hard can we learn solid knowledge and be competent for our heavy judicial work; Only by constantly learning and updating knowledge can we be in an invincible position, exert our infinite strength in the practice of facts, and live up to the requirements of the times and shoulder the historical mission. The lessons of the ancients have been followed by people for many years and have always been an example for future generations. The older you get, the stronger the power and influence of this example seems to be, and the more you can inspire every latecomer to learn and make good use of our theory and promote the realization of their ideals. (3) The experience and lessons accumulated in study and work are worth accumulating and summarizing, especially for the younger generation. They should strengthen the accumulation of knowledge in the process of learning, be good at summing up knowledge in different disciplines and different periods, and gain their own experience in summing up so as to lay the foundation for future creation and innovation. Similarly, after entering the working state, the harvest and summary of experience is still very important. Why do people who have just engaged in referee work have many different ideas from old comrades and have great differences in handling the same type of cases? In fact, the difference lies in the experience and summary of actual experience. If you don't gain basic experience, there will be some uncertainty in thinking about similar problems, frequent changes and even completely complementary opinions. Fortunately, we are engaged in social science work and are more flexible. If we are engaged in natural science or medical work, the design of the whole project may fail because of the error of calculation data, and the patient's body and even life may be destroyed. Although this is some routine experience accumulation and repeated experiments, we can get a clear and regular operation plan and specification, but if we give up the regular summary intentionally or unintentionally, what kind of adverse consequences will it cause in the future? Just willful and preconceived. No one will listen in the future, just be willful. Can this achieve lofty ideals and be recognized by society and people? Success does not depend entirely on personal struggle. Many times, it depends on the collective strength and the support of the previous experience and achievements. Any illusion that you can achieve something is naive, and it will be water without a source, a tree without a root, and it will be difficult to become a climate after all.
Zhuge Liang clearly talked about the consequences of failing to seize the opportunity to study hard, or wasting time, and ultimately achieving nothing, and warned future generations not to regret it too late. Perseverance, perseverance, will eventually succeed, but the size and degree of success are different. Once you work hard and seize all the opportunities, it means the arrival of future success. As long as we do our best, even if we don't reach the peak of our expectations, there is no need to regret it, because we have finally become people who are beneficial to society and people, and we have no regrets about what we have done! First, we should avoid making up our minds every day and not working hard every day. Time flies, time flies, once missed, it is hard to recover. Today is different from ancient times. In ancient times, reading more books and studying hard were the shortcuts to success. However, due to the rapid development of economy, social science, technology and civilization, knowledge update is accelerated, and collective strength is paid more and more attention. Therefore, everyone must speed up the pace of study and hard work in order to keep up with the pace of social progress. If we want to achieve greater success, we must be ahead of the pace and rhythm of the times, be good at leading the times, and scientifically promote the pace and rhythm, so as to be in an active position and be invincible. The second is to avoid making up for mistakes and being "eliminated" by the advancing team. Learning and progress are two different aspects of a problem. We pursue higher and stricter standards and a higher realm. In order to make greater progress and achievements, we must become the leader of this team, walk in the forefront in the torrent of the times and be in a leading position. If we don't perform well or often make undue mistakes, we will easily be washed out of the advancing team by the torrent, because it is difficult for the fast-paced team to leave a rest place and time for everyone, and it is even impossible to catch a breath. You must always exercise your skills, so as not to be left behind by the times and peers; Only by continuous hard work can we move forward to a higher level. Third, we should not rest on our laurels and stick to the old products to be changed. The reform process of more than two thousand years has fully proved that China can complete the progress that western developed countries need for more than a century in half a century. When we are getting closer and closer to the western developed countries, this is also the biggest difficulty we face. Only by giving up the rules and regulations, putting down the shelf of self-restraint and not sticking to the rules can we be recognized by the vast majority of peace-loving civilized countries in the world and occupy a place in the big market of market economy. If we still cling to the old ideas, the pace of progress will become heavier and heavier, and even hinder our reform and opening up. No matter how many shortcomings there are in the past, as long as we give up those who are backward, poor and do not meet the legal requirements in continuous learning and progress, and bravely absorb advanced, scientific and progressive knowledge and methods, we will certainly make due contributions to social progress and be worthy of the lessons and encouragement of the ancients. The long history of human civilization has passed seven or eight thousand years, and the future will enter an era of electronization, modernization and science. Not only the people of China, but anyone who loves science, civilization and progress has the right to enjoy the fruits of scientific and technological progress and development, and has the responsibility and obligation to continue to work hard and be brave in innovation on the basis of existing achievements. For our generation and future generations of young people with ideals and ambitions, the ideals of our predecessors will become a reality. Although the ancient people's educational thoughts and methods are simple, they are incisive and realistic. They have inspired the unremitting efforts of the people of China for nearly two thousand years, and will surely urge each of us to make unremitting efforts to realize the ideal of building all mankind into a more civilized, scientific and democratic family.
The Ten Commandments is a masterpiece of self-cultivation, which is short and long, and concise. Its main purpose is to persuade my son to study hard, be determined, cultivate self-cultivation from indifference and tranquility, and avoid laziness and impatience. Summarize the experience of being a man and doing research, focus on the word "quiet", and at the same time attribute the failure to the word "mania", which is in sharp contrast.
Edit the relevant contents of this paragraph.
1. About "If you are not indifferent, you can't be clear, and if you are not quiet, you can't be far away." "If you are not indifferent, you will have no ambition. If you are not quiet, you will be far away." From the Book of Commandments written by Zhuge Liang to his 8-year-old son Zhuge Zhan at the age of 54. This is not only a summary of Zhuge Liang's life experience, but also a requirement for his son. Here Zhuge Liang used the sentence pattern of "double negation" and expressed his teaching and infinite expectations for his son in a strong euphemistic tone. In modern words: "If you don't look down on the immediate fame and fortune, you won't have a clear ambition. If you can't concentrate on your studies calmly, you can't achieve your lofty goals. " From the above analysis, we can see that Zhuge Liang used "the law of negation of negation" in Logic to emphasize that what he wanted to express was "indifferent to ambition, quiet and far-reaching". This is a philosophical statement. This is the same as the truth that "if you want to take it, you must follow it first" and "if you want to achieve your goal, you must twist it first". Now I am indifferent and quiet, not wanting to do anything, but learning from "Zhi Ming", setting up lofty aspirations, and when the time is right, I can "go far" and do something vigorously. "Indifference" is an ancient Taoist thought. Laozi once said that "indifference is the best, and victory is not beauty". Later generations have always inherited and appreciated this artistic conception of "peace of mind". For example, Bai Juyi said in the poem "Ask Qiu Guang" that "the body and mind turn to safety, and the smoke scene is indifferent". He shows that the author is free from distractions, absorbed and comfortable, and is not limited to the long-term broad realm of immediate gains and losses. 2. The warning in "Zhuge Liang's Letter to His Son" Let's take a look at how the famous Zhu Gekongming taught his son a lesson: the first lesson: the power of tranquility "quiet to cultivate one's morality", "nothing is far from quiet" and "reading must be quiet". Zhuge Liang advised children that only tranquility can cultivate body and mind and meditate. If you can't calm down, you can't plan the future effectively. The first condition of learning is a peaceful environment. Most modern people are busy all day. Should we calm down and reflect on the direction of life in the noise? Lesson 2: The Power of Thrift "Thrift to Cultivate Virtue" He told his children to be thrifty to cultivate their own virtues. Careful financial management and living within our means can not only get rid of the debt, but also lead a disciplined and thrifty life without becoming a material slave. In a civilized society that encourages consumption, have you ever thought about the benefits of thrift? Lesson 3: The Power of Planning "If you are not indifferent, you will have no ambition, and if you are not quiet, you will have no distance." Tell children to plan their own lives well, don't stress fame and fortune in everything, and let them understand their ambitions. Only by calming down can we plan the future carefully. Do you have an ideal for the future? Do you have a sense of mission? Do you have your own values? Lesson 4: The Power of Learning "Be quiet before learning" tells children that a quiet environment is of great help to learning. Of course, with a focused and calm mind, you will get twice the result with half the effort. Zhuge Liang is not a believer in the theory of genius. He believes that talent is the result of learning. Have you studied wholeheartedly? Do you believe that hard work will lead to success? Lesson 5: Value-added Power "If you don't learn, you can't learn." He advised children that if they want to increase their investment in life, they must first have determination. If you don't want to study hard, you can't grow your talents. But in the process of learning, determination and perseverance are very important, because without willpower, you will give up halfway. Have you ever thought that there are many people in one go and stick to the truth that there are few people in the end? Lesson 6: The Power of Speed "If you are slow, you can't be full of energy." He warned the children that if everything was delayed, they could not get to the point quickly. The popularity of computers represents the arrival of the era of speed. Unexpectedly, the intelligence of 1800 years ago also coincides with today. Being one step ahead is not only easy to realize the ideal, but also has more time to correct and improve! Lesson 7: The Power of Character "If you have no patience, you can't control your character." Zhuge Liang advised children to be too impatient to cultivate their character. Psychologists say, "Thought affects behavior, behavior affects habit, habit affects character, and character affects fate." Zhuge Liang understands that in life, we should make all kinds of balanced choices, be "energetic" and "refined". Do you want to improve your personality? Lesson 8: The Power of Time: "As time goes by, the meaning grows with age." He warned the children that time flies and willpower will be exhausted by time. "It is sad that young people don't work hard." "Time management" is a modern concept. Come to think of it, time can't be managed, 24 hours a day, neither more nor less. Only by managing yourself and making good use of every minute is the best way. Please think about it. Have you wasted any time? Lesson 9: The power of imagination, "It's too late to meet the world, how will I return?" It's no use telling children that time flies. When they become out of touch with the world, it's no use lamenting the wasted years. You must know how to be prepared for danger in times of peace, so that you can keep calm in times of danger. Imagination is more powerful than knowledge. Have you ever planned your life in a down-to-earth way, focusing on the big picture and starting small? Lesson 10: The Power of Simplicity A letter written by Zhuge Liang to his son conveyed the message concisely in only 86 words. I believe that concise expression comes from clear thinking and lengthy content, which is easy to be boring and concise communication is more effective. Lesson 11: Moderate Power Zhuge Liang's letter combines Taoism's purity, indifference, tranquility and helping the world, which actually embodies his golden mean principle. In other words, don't be lascivious, don't be impatient, be a low-key person and do things with high profile. Personal strength should not rashly compete with the group, but should act moderately. This is one of the philosophies of Zhuge Liang who has been in a high position for many years. .