The bright moon surprises the magpie, and the breeze chirps at midnight.
There are seven or eight stars in the sky, and it rains before Zhongshan at two or three o'clock.
Enjoy 1
This poem was written by Xin Qiji when he lived with the lake in Shangrao. Huangsha Mountain is located in the west of Shangrao County, Jiangxi Province, with beautiful scenery. The so-called "painting in the western hills" (Xin Qiji's "Yellow Sand Road Partridge"). Xin Qiji has a study nearby and often travels in Huangsha Road. Xin Qiji was an official in the Southern Song Dynasty, but his. However, he was attacked by his colleagues and the highest ruling class. In her eighth year in Song Xiaozong (1 18 1), Xichun was finally impeached and dismissed from office, and returned to her hometown in Daihu, where she lived in seclusion. Xin Qiji has always attached importance to agricultural production and sympathized with the sufferings of the people. During his tenure as a transit representative in Hunan, he played "On the Thief Zazi" for the people. He pointed out the fact that "officials forced the people to revolt" and shouted loudly that the court should "take care of Yuan Yuan". Before he was dismissed from office, he said, "Be diligent in life and field first." Therefore, he was made a lay Jia Xuan. Long-term life in the countryside has brought him closer to the countryside and established deep feelings with farmers, so that everything in the countryside has greatly touched him. His frown is not as tight as it was last year. He is grateful for the dust. "("Huanxisha ") The weather is fine and the people are not hungry. He is also very happy. In these rural discourses, Xin Qiji used the dirty "urban dynasty" to oppose the peaceful and quiet countryside. "The ancient and modern graves and valleys are boundless, and the city often cultivates mulberry." ("seeking spiritual sustenance. As his friend Lu You said, "Farmhouse is happier than the city's crackdown on evil" (Yuechi County Farmhouse). It is precisely because of this complex feeling that Xin Qiji wrote such lively local words as "West River travels at night on Huangsha Road". Only by connecting with the author's life experience and ideological ambition can we deeply appreciate the beauty of such words.
This song "Xijiang Moon" is a fragment of the author's night tour experience on Huangsha Road. On a sunny summer night in the south of the Yangtze River, the moonlight was as bright as day. The black magpie perched on the branches of green trees thought that dawn was coming, and "Yaya" jumped up and jumped from branch to branch, making the branches rustle! When it found that it had misjudged, it stopped on another branch. Xu Lai, the breeze, the swaying branches, and Xia Chan, who fell asleep with fright, also sang in the middle of the night. On this intoxicating clear moonlit night, our poet strolled alone on the Huangsha Road, listening to cicadas and magpies and smelling rice flowers. The proud fruit man seemed to understand our poet's joyful mood very well. Our poet heard the news of a bumper harvest. The bright moon, cool breeze, surprise magpie, cicada singing, fragrant rice and frog singing, what the poet saw, heard and felt, were all refreshing. His whole body and mind were immersed in the comfort of a summer night in Jiangnan, so he couldn't help looking up at the sky, where only a few sparse stars hung in the blue sky. However, "the sky. I don't know when, suddenly a few floating clouds came and it rained like a prank. The sudden shower broke the poet's mood and he had to avoid the rain at night. He is in such a hurry that he has no time to look around. When the road turned to the bridge, he suddenly looked up. Hey! A familiar Maodian appeared at the edge of the Woods of the Earth Temple. This is simply a beautiful and charming moonlit map of a mountain village in the south of the Yangtze River in midsummer! Full of poetry and painting, giving people rich enjoyment of beauty.
What artistic means does the author use to express this moonlit picture of a mountain village in the south of the Yangtze River?
First of all, in the choice of intonation, the author chose the poem Xijiang Moon, which is easy to express lively and cheerful feelings. Xijiangyue is disyllabic, 50 words, with the same rhyme in the upper and lower lines, and each leaf in the sentence is tired of rhyme. Cicada, Year, Front and Side in Xijiang Moon are all the same sound. These two rhymes are arranged on the last sentence of the ascending and descending lines, and the tone is short and abrupt, which makes the whole word more harmonious and powerful. Every sentence in Xijiang Moon is roughly neat, with six sentences, six sentences, seven sentences and six sentences. The uplink and downlink are two six sentences, which are easy to be dual. This poem goes up and down on the Xijiang River. The second is to interpret "other branches" as "oblique branches"; The third is to interpret "another branch" as "another branch". I think the third explanation is better, because the antithesis of the "bright moon" is very stable. "Bright Moon" and "Breeze" are both natural landscapes, so it can be said that the breeze and bright moon don't need a dollar to buy; "Jing que" is a verb, which is used to "sing cicadas", "Jing" and "Ming", all of which have the meaning of moving. Magpie and cicada are both flying and singing animals. "Biezhi" is a noun for "midnight", "zhi" and "night". "Barney" is an adjective here, and "Biezhi" should also be an adjective. If it is a verb, even "midnight" is wrong. Besides, the first two sentences of the word are: "Seven or eight stars are out of the sky, and two or three points are in front of the rain mountain". In fact, the "parting branch" here is the same as the "parting branch" in Fang Gan's poem "Ju Hao Jia Lin Ting" in the Tang Dynasty. Su Shi's Moonlight Surprises the Magpie's Restless Branches (see the poems Jiang Yingshu's Second Rhyme and Hangzhou Peony ...) and Zhou Bangyan's Moonlight Birds Restless.
Secondly, it is the author's expression. The moon, the breeze, the rice, the flowers, the stars and the rain, the Maodian Xiqiao are heartless things, but the magpie, cicada and frog naturally have no feelings. However, the description of these objective scenery can reflect the author's thoughts and feelings. For the author who walks on Huangsha Road at night, what he sees, hears and feels. It makes people feel comfortable and pleasant. The center of the whole poem is "talking about a good year", but the focus is on the author's happy mood caused by a good year. The first part of the poem focuses on the rendering of "face", with one or two sentences moving in silence, but focusing on the description of the quiet environment. Magpies are surprised to sing cicadas, making the environment more and more quiet. Three or four sentences are mixed with movement, but they are focused on movement. Frogs croak and rice fragrance overflows, all in order to highlight the word "harvest". The first half of the poem rendered "noodles", forming a cheerful atmosphere. The second half of the poem focuses on the description of "points". The author chose a dramatic close-up on the way at night. Make the whole poem full of emotion. The first and third sentences of the poem are static, while the second and fourth sentences are dynamic, while the "42" sentence pattern in the first and second sentences is brisk and ups and downs, and the words "turn" and "suddenly" in the last sentence make the author's happy mood jump from the page. It rained at night and didn't upset the author. Only seven or eight stars emerged from the clouds. But judging from the whole poem, this explanation lacks emotion. This sentence is in line with the first sentence of the word, describing the real scene of "the moon stars are scarce". Huang Zunxian's poem "Early Travel" says: "The East wants to be bright, and the Beidou has three points and two stars." This is also the case. If the clouds are thick and dense, the brewing time will be long. In this way, the author must plan ahead, which is not commensurate with the carefree mood described by Shang Kun. In addition, the author often travels on Huangsha Road and is very familiar with the scenery along the way. If he is prepared, the word "suddenly" in the sentence will be nowhere to be found. In midsummer, the weather is changeable. Just now, there were few stars in the moon and the breeze was slow. Unexpectedly, a few dark clouds flew by in an instant, and then ". It was not until the road turned to the bridge that the old thatched cottage suddenly appeared. The word "suddenly" is used vividly here, so I say it is "night rain", which is a shower in midsummer. If it is rainy, it will be a little disappointing, which is not in harmony with the lively artistic conception of the whole poem. Lu Yan of the Five Dynasties of Song Temple made seven or eight stars still in the sky. "Don Li Shanfu's poem" Cold Food "also said," Sometimes it rains at three or two, and ten branches and five flowers are everywhere. " Xin Qiji was obviously influenced by them in his diction, but it cannot be concluded that "seven or eight stars" were caused by "the density of clouds". .
Thirdly, the whole word language is clear and flexible, in order to better express the lively mood. Xin Ci is easy to use and discuss, but this little word is not used by the author, and the author does not discuss it. Instead, he uses the method of line drawing to describe what he has seen, heard and felt truthfully. It is fresh, lively and colorful, showing the author's love for rural life, which makes people feel very kind and natural to read. Should say