In 282 AD, Luoyang people bought paper in succession. It turned out that a scholar named Zuo Si wrote the famous "Sandu Fu", and people copied it one after another, resulting in a shortage of paper and soaring paper prices. Since then, "Luoyang paper is expensive" has spread. "Fu" is a kind of style, which has both the nature of poetry and prose, and attaches great importance to literary talent and rhythm. It is said that the earliest Fu was Xun Kuang's Fu Pian in the Warring States Period, and the general Fu was written in a relatively short style. Zuo Si's Sandu Fu is not only beautiful and sonorous, but also more than 10,000 words long, which is unparalleled in the world. Zuo Si's family background is not high, his mother died early, and he is a stutterer. He studied calligraphy, music and art of war when he was a child, but he didn't achieve much. His father once said to people, "It's really getting worse every generation. He is still far behind when I was young. " This sentence deeply stimulated Zuo Si. From then on, he studied hard and worked hard, and spent a year writing Qi Du Fu, which was well received by people. In 272 AD, he decided to write Sandu Fu. The "three capitals", namely, Ye, Chengdu and Jianye, were the capitals of Wei, Shu and Wu respectively when the Three Kingdoms stood firm. He felt that he lacked information, so he asked the imperial court to be a secretary in charge of books and works. Emperor Wu of Jin immediately agreed and told him that he could read and research the books and materials collected by the imperial court about these three capitals at will.
Under the care of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, Zuo Si, who was born in poverty, spent more than ten years and finally wrote Sandu Fu. This is composed of three independent and interrelated poems: Shu Du Fu, Wei Du Fu and Wudu Fu. There are three fictional characters in Fu: Mr. Sun He of Soochow, the son of Xishu. Through their mutual confidences, write the general situation, history, products, local people and their respective political, military, economic and cultural characteristics of the three famous cities. When Sandu Fu came out, it immediately caused a sensation in Luoyang. It not only played a certain role in the history of China and literature, but also played a very important role in textual research and understanding of the historical situation in the Three Kingdoms period. In addition, Zuo Si's poems are also very good. The famous "Poems of Nv Jiao" is simple in language and sincere in feelings, which vividly shows the love for the youngest daughter. Later great poet Tao Yuanming's Responsibility, Du Fu's Northern Expedition and Li Shangyin's Pride were all influenced by it.
In the literary world of the Western Jin Dynasty, the most famous one was Lu Ji, who was called "the English of Taikang" by later generations. His poems are full of new words and emphasize the beauty of form. With its profound brushwork, beautiful rhetoric and skillful skills, it shows a luxurious beauty. This artistic pursuit has greatly influenced the artistic tendency of Taikang literature. His "Wen Fu" is the first systematic creative theory in the history of China's literary theory development, which has had an important impact on later literary creation and theoretical development. A gentleman's trip, "Heaven is easy and simple, but humanity is dangerous and difficult. The poem "Don't be surprised, ride on a creep and turn like a wave" was quoted by many people in later generations to reflect people's understanding of the political environment and the impermanence of life. " "Go to Luo Dao Zhong Zuo" is the representative work of Lu Ji's five-character poem, in which "Travel far, the wild road is barren. The mountains and rivers are crowded, and the forest is thin and sleepy. " "I lean on GeYan, listen to hate Taiwan ring. Clear dew falls on Su Hui, bright moon, etc. , are all good sentences with mixed scenes. Lu Ji is also a famous calligrapher. His "Cao Zhang Ping Fu Tie" has been handed down to this day and is a treasure in calligraphy. In addition, according to Zhang Yanyuan's Records of Famous Paintings in the Past Dynasties in the Tang Dynasty, Lu Ji also had a set of painting theories.
The early years of the Western Jin Dynasty were an era of talented people. In terms of literature and art, there are many outstanding figures in other fields besides writers such as Zuo Si and Lu Ji, who have also made outstanding contributions to the ancient civilization of China. All these civilizations are inseparable from Sima Yan's enlightened cultural policy and talent protection measures.
Pei Xiu, a geographer, was a minister in the Jin Dynasty. Xu Hao, an old friend of Pei Xiu, once wrote to others and said, "Pei Xiu is my old friend. If you need his help and care, I will tell you, and he will always give you this face. " So, someone took this letter as evidence and sued the Emperor Wu of Jin, saying that Pei Xiu was selfish. Emperor Wu of Jin defended Pei Xiu and said, "It is someone else's business to ask Pei Xiu to do things. How does Pei Xiu prevent it in advance? Besides, jobbery has not yet become a reality. What is the crime of Pei Xiu? " Soon, Li Xi, a captain of Li Si, came to report again: "Shangliu occupied Guantian for Pei Xiu, and Pei Xiu was guilty and should be detained!" Emperor Wu of Jin forgave him and said, "Shangliu committed the crime of seizing land. Why do you want to detain Pei Xiu? " The impartiality and unbelief of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty made Pei Xiu make an important contribution to the map. As early as the end of Wei Dynasty, Pei Xiu went out with Si Mazhao to crusade against Zhuge Dan, and traveled all over the country. He suffered a lot because of the wrong map. Obviously, the map looks very close, but after running for a few days, there is no shadow. Obviously, there are no mountains or traces of water on the map, but when we get there, it is a continuous hill or a turbulent river. In particular, the maps collected by the imperial court are made of dozens of silks, which is very inconvenient to use. Pei Xiu studied hard, reformed the map and corrected his mistakes. He first reduced the giant map made of dozens of silks into a topographic abbot map with the scale of "one is divided into ten miles and one inch is a hundred miles". Pei Xiu also put forward six basic points for drawing maps, namely, scale, orientation, actual distance of traffic routes, topography, shape and inclination of features. These are epoch-making innovations in the history of world cartography, which include not only longitude and latitude lines and contour lines, but also basic elements of modern cartography. This is a great contribution of 1000 years ago when natural science was underdeveloped.
Huangfu Mi, a great medical scientist, also lived in the Taikang period of the Western Jin Dynasty. At the age of 42, he got rheumatism, was paralyzed and stayed in bed for a long time, but he read widely and was very talented. After learning about this, Emperor Wu of Jin ordered him to be an official many times, but he said that he was sick and declined politely. He began to explore acupuncture in his hospital bed, read medical books and do experiments on himself. After seven years of painstaking research, he not only cured his paralysis for many years, but also improved his acupuncture skills, discovered many acupoints, founded his own acupuncture theory and wrote the A and B classics of acupuncture. This book is not only a masterpiece in the medical history of China, but also spread abroad. Doctors in Korea and Japan have regarded it as a must-read book since the 6th century.