The culture of the prosperous Tang Dynasty gave birth to countless outstanding poets, among which Li Bai is undoubtedly the most talented and charming poet. The spirit, emotion and spirit of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty are fully displayed in Li Bai's poems. Taking his poems as a whole, we can not only see the surging passion for no reason, but also appreciate the magical and grand imagination. In his poems, there are both vast and magnificent wonders and natural and beautiful artistic conception symbolizing charm; It not only has the grand ideal of "helping the poor" and "securing the country", but also has an extraordinary romantic color. On the basis of real life, he boldly used highly exaggerated metaphors to describe what he saw in front of him artistically, which made his image have a gripping and powerful artistic appeal. His imagination is strange and rich, and he gallops freely in images in distant time and vast space. In order to express his thoughts and feelings, he also used various historical legends and fairy tales to create unique and amazing artistic images. What is more noteworthy is that he always skillfully combines exaggerated metaphors, rich imagination and other romantic expressions with myths and legends, which makes many of his romantic poems have heroic momentum, high-spirited mood, strange images and extraordinary artistic conception, thus having a strong artistic appeal to readers. In addition, his vivid, clear, gorgeous and natural and fresh language has made him glorious and famous through the ages.
Li Bai's above-mentioned creative style is vividly reflected in his quatrains, metrical poems, Yuefu, Gexing and other poems.
1 quatrains
Li Bai's poetry and song creation, whether in five words or seven words, is fascinating. Looking at Tianmen Mountain is one of Li Bai's seven masterpieces. With Li Bai's open mind and romantic feelings, the natural landscape shows more and more bold and magnificent magic. This poem describes the poet's aesthetic feeling and instant emotion in the embrace of nature, and it is a natural work with a wave of his hand. The first sentence and the second sentence have shown the majestic self-confidence of Jiajiang confrontation and choppy waves, while the last two sentences are cordial and wonderful, giving people rich imagination and distant interest. The whole poem has a broad artistic conception, clear levels and vivid images. The feeling of that moment, the infinite charm, the natural beauty, the universal human nature and human feelings, the simplicity and sincerity, and the great interest in life give people a kind of beauty of "clear water produces hibiscus, and carving is natural".
Of course, it is not enough to explain the seven wonders of Li Bai just by saying "Looking at Tianmen Mountain from afar". Li Bai's seven unique poems are mostly landscape poems and farewell poems. In these poems, there is a temperament that blends with heaven and earth and nature. With his naive childlike innocence, the poet integrated feelings with mountains and rivers. No matter how you write about scenery and love, there is a kind of chic, fresh realm and elegant connotation, such as watching Lushan Waterfall, making Baidicheng as early as possible, and asking questions in the mountains. Since ancient times, Lushan Mountain has strange peaks and rocks, swift springs and waterfalls, and infinite scenery. In "Looking at Lushan Waterfall", the poet only described a waterfall on the side of Lushan incense burner peak, but in the author's pen, Lushan was shrouded in "purple smoke" and reflected by the red sun; Waterfalls fly straight, just like the Milky Way, how magical and spectacular, how natural, pure, beautiful and elegant. "The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man". The poet was banished as a yelang, but he was pardoned on the way. How elegant and elegant he was when he returned to Jiangling!
Li Bai's Seven Wonders is the highest in the Tang Dynasty, and similarly, Li Bai's Five Wonders are unparalleled. Among the poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, only Li Bai was good at the five wonders and seven wonders. His five-character quatrains are often lively in style, showing endless emotional charm with clear and fluent language, which is both natural and implicit, true and concise, and rich in connotation. This is the highest realm of quatrains. Such as "sitting alone in Jingting Mountain" and "Old Laoting". A quatrain is an instant presentation of Li Bai's emotional world. His cheerful personality, frank feelings and free and easy temperament are all reflected in an epiphany, and he can immediately become a swan song if he blurts it out.
2. Yuefu Poetry and Singing Style
Li Bai not only made outstanding achievements in quatrains, but also made great achievements in Yuefu and Gexing. Such as Yuefu poem "Difficult Road to Shu". This poem is a masterpiece of Li Bai. When the poet first visited Chang 'an, he used this poem to express his admiration. He said, "People who are not people are not white stars?" Call Li Bai "fallen immortal". The whole poem of Shu Dao Nan can be roughly divided into three paragraphs. The first paragraph is from the beginning to "then the ladder is hooked." "Hey, danger!" Voice, volley; "It's hard to get through the road, but it's hard to get into the sky." I want to fall from the sky and smell it. Then trace back to the pain of opening the way in Qin dynasty, so that the difficulty of Shu road is shrouded in a thick mysterious and tragic color. The second paragraph, from "high above, like on a tall banner, six dragons drive the sun" to "you are far away from here", specifically describes the dangers and hardships of Qingniling, as well as the miserable atmosphere and dangerous situation, which makes people feel as if they are in the near future. In the third paragraph, from "Although the Jianta Pass is firm and stern" to the end, I wrote about the danger of Jiange and the sinister place in Shu, urging my friends to return to Chang 'an as soon as possible. At the beginning, the middle and the end, there were three shouts of "It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky", and three sighs sang soul-stirring. The style of the whole poem is patchy and varied, with bold exaggeration and clever metaphor to highlight subjective feelings, and with unrestrained writing style, it has formed a majestic momentum, showing the personality characteristics of his poetry creation in front of us, which is unprovoked and powerful.
Another example is "drinking". Li Bai brought his romantic temperament into Yuefu and gave new life to the ancient Yuefu. Although this poem seems to be "antique", it has "I" everywhere, which highlights the distinctive personality that others can't simulate and pushes Yuefu poetry creation to an unparalleled peak. At that time, the poet wanted to display his talents and help the world. However, during his trip to Chang 'an, when he was frustrated politically and his ideal was empty, the poet sought immortality, visited friends, drank wine and sang songs to dispel his worries. This poem begins with two parallel long sentences, "Did you see how the water of the Yellow River left heaven and entered the ocean, never to return? You can't see the lovely hair in the bright mirror of the high room. Although it is silky black in the morning, it has turned into snow at night. " Be ready to come out, full of momentum, pouring thousands of miles, expressing a profound understanding of life. Then it seems that "sadness" suddenly becomes "joy" and "joy". In fact, in the madness of "having fun" and "having fun", the poet is full of generous repression and indignation. The last sentence, "I'm worried about selling with you forever", came to an abrupt end in response to the beginning of the article. The whole story is extremely sad, expressed in bold words; The state is extremely wild, but it is actually depressed and helpless. Li Bai is known as "Brewmaster", and there are many drinking poems, among which this poem is an outstanding representative.
Li Bai's achievements in composition are higher than Yuefu's. For example, works such as "Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream" and "Song of Liangyuan" are imaginative, alternating between reality and reality, with extensive strokes, sometimes downstream, sometimes countercurrent, sometimes leaping forward, with a large span, and can be written at will. For example, in Climbing the Tianmu Mountain in My Dream, oh, how can I solemnly bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions, but these people will never be seen with a sincere face. \ "will undoubtedly reveal Li Bai's lyric style, like a storm, falling suddenly, like mercury pouring down, as if rushing out directly from his chest. Li Bai's songs completely broke all the inherent forms of poetry creation, with no support and changeable brushwork, reaching the realm of unpredictability and random swaying. It fully embodies the vigorous spirit of the times in the poetry of the prosperous Tang Dynasty and has the great masculine beauty of expanding it.
Looking at Li Bai's poems, it is not difficult to see that Li Bai is a very distinctive artistic personality; In the history of China's poetry, the artistic individuality of his works is also unique.
His poems have a strong subjective color, which is mainly manifested in paying attention to expressing heroism and passionate feelings, and rarely describing objective images and specific events in detail.
The most striking feature of Li Bai's lyric style is that it often breaks out. Once feelings are aroused, they are like hurricanes in the sky, overflowing volcanoes, rushing out without restraint. Combined with the expression of bursting feelings, his poetic imagination is unpredictable, often unreasonable and strange. Most of the images in the poem are: Dapeng, giant fish, long whale, great river, snow-capped mountains and other magnificent things. This provides more and broader imagination and creates more romance.
The language style of Li Bai's poems is fresh and lively, and hearty and lively is the basic tone of his words. His poems, which are blurted out and unadorned, often show transparency, purity and dazzling brilliance, reflecting his noble personality of rejecting secular identity.
Li Bai's Life Experience and His Rights
The influence of his creative style.
Why is Li Bai's creative style so romantic, elegant and unrestrained? Let's take a look at Li Bai's life experience.
I think Li Bai's life runs through two main lines: one is his official career, and the other is the influence of Taoist thought on him.
Li Bai comes from a rich and educated family. Let him "carry Liu Jia at the age of five and watch a hundred schools at the age of ten". He grew up in Shu as a teenager. Zhongshu is a place with a strong Taoist atmosphere, and the environment has a great influence on his immortal Taoist belief. The influence of Taoism has been with him almost all his life. 18 years old, learning vertical and horizontal techniques. In my opinion, it is precisely because of the influence of these things in his youth that he has a proud, elegant and free-and-easy temperament, and his poems also have that kind of strong, rushing feelings and unrestrained momentum.
In the 12th year of Kaiyuan (724), Li Bai began to travel about life, asking for recommendations many times, but failed. In the first year of Tianbao, Li Bai was called to Beijing, which was the most brilliant moment in his life. But not long after, he was vilified by powerful people and his career was hit again, which made him full of dissatisfaction and disappointment with the court, but he also cared about state affairs and hoped to make achievements. Since the Anshi Rebellion, Li Bai thought it was time to serve the country, entered the Wang Yong shogunate and joined the army generously, but was later convicted of rebellion. Was pardoned on the way. When he went to the southeast of Li Guangbi, he joined the army again, but he was half ill and later died.
In my opinion, Li Bai idealized the life philosophy of the scholars who actively joined the WTO in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and at the same time had Confucian thoughts of "helping the poor" and "settling down", so his overly idealized life design was bound to fail. But he has always yearned for such an ideal. Therefore, he kept running back and forth between success and failure, which made him often fall into grief, injustice and disappointment, and maintained a spirit of conceit, self-confidence, openness and high spirits.
Li Bai was deeply influenced by Taoism, strategists and Confucianism all his life. Among them, the influence of Taoism runs through Li Bai's life. The reason why this part is put forward separately is because Taoist belief in immortals occupies an important position in his thought. When I was a teenager, I lived in central Sichuan, where Taoism was relatively developed. I naturally came into contact with it, and then I learned the vertical and horizontal techniques. During his career, he held many Buddhist ceremonies. Because of this, Li Bai has shown the idea of dreaming, eating, drinking and having fun in time in many poems. In addition, his arrogant, informal, elegant and free-spirited temperament also comes from this ideological basis, and He Zhangzhi once called him a fairy. The most prominent feature of Li Bai's personality is independence and uninhibited. \ "This is the product of the peak of human awakening since Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the product of the highly sublimated spirit of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Poet du fu
Du Fu's poems fully expressed his deep sympathy for the people and exposed the sharp opposition between the exploiters and the exploited in feudal society: "The drunken road in Zhumen froze to death!" This immortal poem has been remembered by the people of China for generations. "Dare to love death when saving, and be afraid when you are lonely!" This is the full expression of Du Fu's incomparable love for the motherland, and it is also the reason why his poems are so popular. Du Fu's patriotic hot pillow is also very rich in his masterpieces such as Spring Hope and Imperial Army Recovering the Banks of the Yellow River. In "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells", he praised the patriotic spirit of the broad masses of people who endured all kinds of pains, and even showed readers his childlike innocence of patriotism and love for the people. Out of love for the motherland and the people, it is bound to have a strong hatred for the extravagant and dissolute face of the ruling class and the crimes that bring disaster to the country and the people. This point has been vividly demonstrated in the immortal masterpieces "Car Shop" and "Two Ways". A great patriot's concern for the country and the people is bound to be expressed in other ways. Some of Du Fu's poems about things and scenery, even those about couples, brothers and friends, are permeated with deep feelings for the motherland and the people. In a word, Du Fu's poems are an artistic record of the decline of the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu bravely, faithfully and profoundly reflected the extremely extensive social reality with the positive spirit of joining the WTO. No matter what kind of sinister situation, he didn't lose heart. In the long history of China literature, the cognitive function, reference function, educational function and aesthetic function of Du Fu's poems are unattainable.
The greatest artistic feature of Du Fu's poems is that poets often hide their subjective feelings in objective descriptions and let things impress readers themselves. For example, in Two Ways, the poet did not directly reprimand Yang's brother and sister for their debauchery, but the author's love-hate attitude has been fully revealed from their specific descriptions of clothes and diet.
Du Fu's poems are simple, popular and realistic, but they are very skillful. He also often uses monologues and proverbs to highlight the characters' personalities.
Du Fu's poems are especially good at describing details when depicting characters, such as a passage describing his wife and children in the Northern Expedition.
Du Fu's poetic style is changeable, but on the whole it can be summarized as depression and frustration. The cadence here refers to the deep meaning of the article, while the cadence refers to the ups and downs of feelings, tone and syllables.