Tao Yuanming (365-427) Ming. When it comes to fame, this word has far-reaching significance. Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) was born. Great-grandfather Tao Kan was a fu, and Mao Tao's father was also a satrap and magistrate. But by his time, his family had fallen. He was ambitious when he was young, but he was not valued by society because he was not from a family background. At that time, the aristocratic family monopolized the important positions of senior officials, the politics was corrupt and dark, the internal struggle of the ruling class was fierce, and the class contradictions were also very sharp, which was at the turn of Jin and Song Dynasties. So he respected Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, loved nature, and adopted an attitude of avoiding disasters and worrying far away. It was not until I was 29 years old that I was driven by life and made a few small officials like offering wine to join the army. However, if your official position is low, not only can you not display your ambition to help the world, but you also have to belittle yourself and deal with officialdom figures. In the first year of Yixi (405), he was 4 1 year old and resigned from Peng. Since then, he has left the officialdom forever and lived in seclusion for more than 20 years. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, he was recruited as an assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, so he refused to resign. When Song Yuanjia was in the Song Dynasty, he was poor and sick, and he was "hungry". Tan Daoji, the secretariat of Jiangzhou, advised him to be an official, but he refused. He would rather starve to death than eat the beam meat given to him by the secretariat, showing a break with the ruling class.
Tao Yuanming was the most outstanding writer in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty. There are more than 0/20 poems/kloc-poems, 6 essays and 2 ci-fu poems. The most distinctive is his poems describing rural life. These poems describe the beautiful scenery of the countryside, the poet's leisurely life and mood, and show the poet's noble sentiment of not wanting to go along with the dark reality. Because the poet personally participated in productive labor, had more contact with farmers, and was in poverty, some poems also reflected the dilapidated reality of rural areas and the ideal wishes of farmers to some extent. Peach Blossom Garden Poetry is such a well-known masterpiece. He also wrote some poems expressing political ideals and caring about the current situation, either expressing his feelings by chanting history or pinning his heart on myths. His style is tragic and heroic, which is quite different from the quiet and beautiful pastoral poetry. Ode to Jing Ke, Reading the Classic of Mountains and Seas, and Jingwei Biting Micro-wood are all such works. Lu Xun said: "It can be seen that he (referring to Tao Yuanming) has not forgotten or been indifferent to the world." He not only has a "leisurely view of Nanshan" side, but also has a "King Kong glare" side. (The relationship between Wei and Jin demeanor and articles, medicine and wine) His poems often reveal negative thoughts of understanding life and escaping from reality. His poetic style is plain, natural and vivid, and his language is concise, implicit and full of artistic conception, which is unique in the history of ancient poetry in China. His pastoral poems opened up a new field of ancient poetry. The pastoral poems of Wang Wei, Meng Haoran in Tang Dynasty and Su Shi, Xin Qiji and Fan Chengda in Song Dynasty inherited and carried forward the tradition of pottery poetry. Tao Yuanming's ci and prose are also very successful. Cifu, such as Gui Xi Ci, and prose, such as Peach Blossom Garden and Biography of Mr. Wu Liu, are all masterpieces of history. Like his poems, Ci Fu and prose are good at describing natural scenery in plain and simple language to entrust the author's personality and sentiment. Vivid image, vivid meaning and full of interest.
Five poems by Gui Yuantian Ju
First of all:
Few people do as the Romans do. Their nature is to love nature.
Fall into the dust net by mistake, thirteen years.
Birds in cages are often attached to the forests of the past, and fish in ponds yearn for the abyss of the past.
Open up wasteland in the south and return to the garden.
There are more than ten acres of square houses and eight or nine straw houses.
Willow trees cover the eaves, and peach trees cover Li Lieman in front of the hospital.
The neighboring village of the neighboring village is faintly visible, and there is smoke in the village.
Several dogs barked in the alley, and the mulberry tree was barked by a rooster.
The house is clean and miscellaneous, and the virtual room is idle.
Trapped in a cage without freedom for a long time, I finally returned to the forest today.
Secondly:
There are few chariots and horses in the secluded places when the countryside makes friends with the secular world.
This day is still Chai Men closed, and the pure mind blocks the vulgar thoughts.
When complex market music, grass * * *.
When we meet, we don't talk about worldly affairs, only that the garden is long in Sang Ma.
My field is growing higher and higher, and my cultivated land is expanding day by day.
Often worried about sudden frost, crops wither like shrubs.
Third:
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas.
Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes.
It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.
Fourth:
Long-term tourism mountain ze, wild forest entertainment.
Try to take your son and nephew and put them in the wild market.
Yiyi wandered between mountains and dragons, living in the past.
There are remnants in the well, and the mulberry and bamboo rot.
Excuse me, what is this person like?
The wage earners told me that "there is no rest after death".
"A lifetime in a foreign land" is really true!
Life seems illusory, and eventually it will be empty.
Fifth:
Alone in a sense of loss, I returned to my hometown with a staff member. The road was bumpy and in shock.
The mountain stream is shallow and meets my feet.
I'm drinking my newly cooked wine, and two chickens attract the latest game.
When the sun sets, the candle is lit instead.
Happiness is bitter and short, and I have returned to Tianxu.