temperament
The popularity of new ideas:
Evolutionary worldview
bourgeois democracy
Socialist theory
anarchism
nationalism
On the Essence of Nationalism
Document number: 1905, the society for the preservation of Chinese studies was established.
The main activities of the Society for the Preservation of Chinese Studies are: publishing the magazine of Chinese quintessence, editing the teaching materials of Chinese studies, and publishing the series of Chinese quintessence.
Political significance: carry forward the cultural tradition of the Han nationality, publicize the nationalist thought of "summer defense", stimulate caste with national quintessence, enhance patriotic enthusiasm, and oppose the rule of the Qing government.
Cultural significance: National quintessence is the spiritual pillar of a country. If you want to protect your country, you must first protect your studies. For western learning, the quintessence school is an abstract affirmation and a concrete negation. For middle schools, there are criticisms, but they are basically positive.
Criticize old culture and old ideas
Criticize feudal autocracy and demonstrate the rationality of democratic politics.
Criticize old morality and slave personality.
Criticize the old marriage and family.
Criticize Confucius.
2. Cultural undertakings
New education: the establishment of a new education system, the emergence of new schools and the upsurge of studying abroad.
Newspapers and publishing industry: There are hundreds of new newspapers and periodicals. Private publishing institutions such as the Commercial Press (1897) rose.
Libraries and museums: 19 1 1 year * * * There are 10 provincial libraries. Zhang Jian's Nantong Museum is the representative of his own museum.
Vernacular newspapers and the vernacular movement: a large number of vernacular newspapers and periodicals have emerged, and vernacular teaching materials and Chinese Pinyin have been developed.
Social customs and cultural improvement: A large number of social customs and cultural improvement groups have emerged, opening a new trend.
History and literature
In the field of historiography, Liang Qichao advocated new historiography and historical revolution. Criticize the disadvantages of traditional historiography and advocate revealing the evolution law of human society under the guidance of evolution.
In the field of literature and art, there have been a series of ideological and practical activities such as poetry revolution, novel revolution, style revolution and drama improvement. Novels, poems, operas, music, fine arts and movies have all developed and changed.
After the May 4th Movement, a large number of new publications appeared.
Before the May 4th Movement, there were only a few periodicals advocating new culture, such as New Youth, Weekly Review and New Trends.
One year after the May 4th Movement, the number of publications aimed at promoting the new ideological trend suddenly increased to more than 400. For example, New China, Nankai Daily, Weekly Review, Xiangjiang Review, Young China, Liberation and Transformation, Dawn, New Life, New Society and Awakening, the supplement of Republic of China Daily, etc.