Which dynasty did the frontier fortress belong to? Frontier fortress is the work of Wang Changling, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. This is a frontier fortress poem, lamenting that the border war continues and the country lacks a good soldier. The first sentence of this poem is thought-provoking. It is about the change of dynasties, and the bright moon and environment are still the same as those of the previous dynasties, and it is a sigh of historical changes. How many men died on the battlefield before the battle was broken, leaving the battlefield buried. Three or four sentences have written the people's wishes for thousands of years, hoping to have a "flying dragon" to calm the chaos and stabilize the border defense. The whole poem sings a vigorous and open-minded theme in plain language, with smooth momentum and one go. With vigorous and powerful brushstrokes, the poet made a high artistic summary of the life in the frontier war at that time, and closely combined scenery, narration, lyricism and discussion, casting rich and complex thoughts and feelings in the poem, which made the artistic conception of the poem vigorous and far-reaching, both exciting and intriguing. The evaluation of Plug has always been very high. Li Panlong, a poet in the Ming Dynasty, even praised it as the masterpiece of the four-line quatrains in the Tang Dynasty, and the quatrains in the Tang Dynasty compiled by Yang Shen ranked first.
Creative background/outing?
Wang Changling wrote "Going beyond the Great Wall" when he went to the Western Regions in his early years. "Going beyond the Great Wall" is an old topic in Yuefu. Wang Changling lived in the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. During this period, Tang won many foreign wars and the confidence of the whole nation was extremely strong. In the works of frontier fortress poets, an impassioned upward spirit and strong confidence in defeating the enemy can be reflected. At the same time, frequent border wars also make people feel overwhelmed and long for peace, and "Out of the fortress" reflects people's desire for peace.
works appreciation
This is a frontier fortress that laments the constant war on the border and the lack of a good general in the country.
Poetry begins with writing about scenery. In the first sentence, the words "bright moon in Qin dynasty, amorous feelings in Han dynasty" show a magnificent picture: a bright moon shines on the border. The poet only used a lot of sketches without detailed description, but it just showed the vastness of the frontier and the depression of the scenery, rendering a lonely and desolate atmosphere. What is particularly wonderful is that the poet decorated the moon and customs with the words "Qin and Han Dynasties", which made this picture of the moon approaching customs become a painting in time and endowed Wan Li with a long sense of border history. This is a "stroke of genius" produced by the poet's deep thinking about the long-term border war. In the face of such a scene, people in the frontier feel moved by the scene, and naturally think of countless people who have devoted themselves to the frontier since the Qin and Han Dynasties and have not returned to their deaths. "The Long March has not yet returned" also points out the remoteness of the frontier fortress from a spatial perspective. The "people" here not only refer to the soldiers who died in the battlefield, but also refer to the soldiers who are still holding on and cannot return. "People have not returned" means that the border defense is not consolidated, and the second is sympathy for the foot soldiers. These are two sides of the same question, the former is the cause and the latter is the result. This is a big problem that has not been solved from the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty and even the Tang Dynasty. So in the third and fourth sentences, the poet gives the answer.
"Only make the Dragon City fly, but don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain", which directly expresses the frontier fortress soldiers' desire to consolidate frontier defense and defend their country: as long as there is a famous soldier like Li Guang, the enemy cavalry will not cross the Yinshan Mountain. These two sentences speak for themselves. In other words, due to the improper employment of people by the imperial court, the generals were unqualified, which led to the situation of burning eyebrows and people's livelihood.
Although this poem has only four short lines, its content is complicated through the description of frontier fortress scenery and conscription psychology. Have strong sympathy for the soldiers who have been defending for a long time, and have the desire to end this border defense regardless of the situation; At the same time, it also showed dissatisfaction with the court's failure to select and appoint talents, and at the same time paid attention to the overall situation and realized the justice of the war. Therefore, his personal interests were subordinated to the needs of national security, and he issued an oath of "not teaching Humahua to hide mountains", which was full of patriotic passion.
The poet did not describe the frontier fortress scenery in detail, but chose a typical picture of garrison life to reveal the inner world of foot soldiers. Scenery description is only a means to describe the thoughts and feelings of the characters. Han Yuefu and DuDu are integrated into the scenery and saturated with the emotional color of the characters. The complex content is thrown into the four-line poem, which is profound, implicit and intriguing. This poem has rich artistic conception, high style and concise language.
This is a masterpiece, and Li Panlong, a poet in Ming Dynasty, once praised it as a masterpiece of Tang Dynasty. Shen Deqian in Qing Dynasty said in "Talking about Poetry": "In the chapter" Bright Moon in Qin Dynasty ",the predecessors pushed the prize instead of making it wonderful. Protecting the teacher was exhausted and failed, so it was not his fault; When the general flew to the edge to make preparations, the bonfire on the edge went out on its own, that is, Gao Changshi's "Travel" returned to "everyone called General Li". The fortification of the city began in the Qin and Han Dynasties, the bright moon returned to Qin, the customs returned to Han, and the poems were intertextual. " He criticized this passage of Li Panlong, only praising the poem without telling the truth, but he only explained the main idea of the whole poem and did not point out the author's ingenuity.
The theme of the whole poem summarized by Shen Shi is basically correct, but the idea of this theme is very general. Why can such an ordinary idea be written into a masterpiece? It turns out that there is a most beautiful and intriguing poem in this poem, which is the first sentence at the beginning: "There is a bright moon in Qin, and there is a break in Han". What is the beauty of this poem? We must start with this poem. The title of this poem is "Out of the Castle", which is a clear Yuefu poem. Yuefu poetry is to be composed into music and widely sung. In order to be set to music and sung, some words are often used in practice. Wang Changling's poems are no exception. Look at the words "bright moon" and "Guan" at the beginning of this sentence, which are very common words to describe the frontier fortress in Yuefu poems.
Isn't there "Guan Shanyue" in "Song of Cross Blowing"? "Yuefu Solution" said: "Guan Shanyue, it is also sad to leave." Whether it is to make people homesick or to miss their wives, they are often inseparable from the words "Guan" and "Yue". "In March and May, visitors remember Qinchuan" (Guan Shanyue by Xu Ling), "The mountains in jathyapple are bright, and the autumn scenery shines on the lonely city" (Guan Shanyue by Wang Bao), "If you can't cross the mountains, who can sit on the Fangfeiyue" (Join the Army by Lu Sidao), "The bright moon in Longtou is near the city gate, and pedestrians in Gansu play the flute at night". Seeing this clearly, you will understand the novelty and wonder of this poem, that is, before the words "bright moon" and "Guan", two time qualifiers "Qin" and "Han" are added.
In this way, when writing thousands of years ago and thousands of miles away, it naturally formed a unique artistic conception. Borrowing the word "prosperous and lofty" used by previous generations to comment on poetry, readers naturally associate the border pass under the bright moon with the long history of Hu Jianguan in Qin Dynasty and a series of wars between Han Dynasty and Hu people. From this point of view, the "people who have not returned from the Long March" are not only contemporary people, but the tragedies of generations since the Qin and Han Dynasties. I hope that there will be "Dragon City Flying Generals" on the border who "don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain", not only people in the Han Dynasty, but also people from generation to generation have the same wish. Ordinary Tragedy and Ordinary Hope both show extraordinary significance because of the appearance of the two time qualifiers "Qin" and "Han" in the first sentence. This poem is high-pitched and magnificent enough to control the whole article. The beauty of poetry, the beauty of poetic language, is often manifested in seemingly ordinary words, or in the fact that seemingly ordinary words are used in the most accurate and critical places. These places often best reflect the poet's superb artistic attainments.