In winter in Beijing, there is still snow on the ground, gray-black bald branches are forked in the clear sky, and one or two kites are floating in the distance, which is a surprise and sadness for me. The kite season in my hometown is spring and February. If you hear the rustling wind wheel, you can see a crab kite with light ink color or a centipede kite with bright blue color. There is also a lonely tile kite, which has no wind wheel and is placed very low, showing a lonely and pitiful look. But at this time, the willows on the ground have sprouted, and the early peaches are also spitting buds, which are in harmony with the decorations of the children in the sky, making it a gentle spring day. Where am I now? It is still cold around in winter, but the long-lost spring in my hometown is rippling in this sky.
But I have never liked flying kites. Not only do I hate flying kites, but I also hate flying kites, because I think this is something that worthless children do. Contrary to me, my little brother, who was about ten years old at that time, was very ill and thin. However, he likes kites best, and I can't afford them. He had to open his mouth and stare blankly at the sky, sometimes for half a day. The crab kite in the distance suddenly fell, and he exclaimed; The entanglement between the two tile kites was untied, and he jumped up happily. All his things, in my opinion, are laughingstock and contemptible. One day, it suddenly occurred to me that I didn't seem to have seen him much, but I remember seeing him picking up dead bamboo in the back garden.
Like an epiphany, I ran to a small house where few people went, pushed open the door and found him among the dusty things. He sat on a small stool, facing the wide stool; He stood up in horror, his face was bloodless and he winced. Beside the wide stool, there is a bamboo bone of a butterfly kite, which has not been pasted with paper. There is a pair of small wind wheels for eyes on the stool, decorated with red paper strips, which will be finished soon. In the satisfaction of uncovering the secret, I was angry that he wouldn't let me know, so I took great pains to steal the toys of those useless children. I immediately reached out and broke a wing bone of the butterfly, and then threw the wind wheel to the ground and trampled it flat. In terms of age and strength, he can't compare with me. Of course, I won a complete victory, so I proudly walked out, leaving him standing in the hut in despair. I don't know what happened to him later, and I didn't pay attention.
However, my punishment finally came. Long after we left, I was in middle age. Unfortunately, I occasionally read a foreign book about children, only to know that games are the most legitimate behavior of children and toys are their angels. So the scene that I have never recalled in the past 20 years when my spirit was destroyed suddenly unfolded before my eyes, and my heart seemed to turn into lead at the same time, falling heavily.
But the heart didn't fall, didn't break. He just had a bad fall, a bad fall.
I also know the way to make up for it: give him a kite, approve of his flying, persuade him to fly, and I will fly with him. We shouted, ran and laughed. -But he already has a beard like me.
I also know that there is another way to make up for it: ask his forgiveness and wait for him to say, "I don't blame you at all." Then, my heart must relax. This is indeed a feasible method. Once, as soon as we met, many hard stripes of "life" were engraved on our faces, and my heart was heavy. When we gradually talked about the past, I came to this paragraph and talked about the cruelty of childhood. "I don't blame you at all."
I think, as soon as he said it, I was forgiven immediately, and my heart was relieved from now on.
"Is there such a thing?" He said with a surprised smile, just like listening to other people telling stories. He doesn't remember anything.
What is there to forgive if you forget completely and have no resentment? Forgive without complaining, just lie.
What else can I ask for? My heart has to be heavy.
Now, the spring in my hometown permeates this strange place, which reminds me of my long-lost childhood and brings me uncertain sadness. I might as well hide in the cold winter-but it's cold all around, which gives me great cold and air conditioning.
First, about the authenticity of the article.
In Weeds, it is said that "poetry and truth" are integrated into one, pasting kites is true, and breaking kite wings and bones is an integral part of poetry. Song Shou (Zhou) loved flying kites when he was a child, and he was also good at pasting kites himself, but that was after the Reform Movement of 1898 (1898). That spring, Lu Xun went to Nanjing and was no longer at home. Moreover, Lu Xun has a good understanding of brothers and fighting games. There is no such thing as a stick. The article is just an imaginary hypothesis, a performance and a convenience.
Zhou Qiming (that is, Zhou Zuoren, the second brother of Lu Xun), Young Lu Xun, China Youth Publishing House, 1957.
He doesn't fly kites himself, but he doesn't strictly object to others flying kites.
(Zhou, the third brother of Lu Xun) On Lu Xun, People's Literature Publishing House, 1955.
Second, one of the themes of the article's emotion and thought: the pursuit and praise of spiritual beauty.
In Weeds, Lu Xun not only dissected the dark shadow of his thoughts mercilessly, but also expressed his noble sentiments without modification. After reading this part of prose poems, people will be deeply attracted and moved by Lu Xun's noble and beautiful mind. The first thing to mention in this respect is kites.
One (two brothers) is strict with self-blame and pleads for forgiveness of his mistakes; The other is naive, completely forgetting other people's mistakes, which are exactly two aspects of human mind that Lu Xun tried to explore in Kite.
In Kite, Lu Xun described the story caused by kites more fully and vividly, and put this description in the "hometown spring" environment in different places and in the sky, which made the childhood memories in sharp contrast with the "cold winter" around him and brought more profound significance to Lu Xun's theme of praising human feelings. Through this artistic conception, Lu Xun implicitly told people that although childhood memories gave him regret and sadness, those inner good feelings were better than the "very cold" given to him by the same reality as winter. The beautiful feelings in people's hearts give people the warmth of "hometown spring" in the cold winter. It is with this sincere and touching feeling that Lu Xun wrote an ode to the beauty of human mind.
Research on Weeds by Sun, China Social Sciences Press, 1982.
Thirdly, the second theme of the article is emotion and thought: criticism of feudal education.
Through "I", this paper recalls the "cruel spirit" of my little brother who loved kites as a child, and criticizes the feudal ethics of respecting the old and loving the young and the feudal education that destroyed children's nature. This paper compares the "warm spring" scene in my hometown with the "cold winter all around" in the north, showing the author's resentment against the cold and dark reality at that time and his yearning for a better realm.
Lu Xun Chronicle compiled by Lu Xun Research Office of Lu Xun Museum (updated version, Volume 2). People's Literature Publishing House.
Fourthly, the theme interpretation of the article's emotion and thought: the theory of brothers' loss and repentance.
1925, he wrote several novels and prose poems to express his regret over the breakdown of brotherhood (1923, the relationship between Lu Xun and his younger brother Zhou Zuoren was very harmonious, and the specific reasons were different). Zhou Zuoren himself clearly understands this ... In Kite, Lu Xun did his best to express his sadness and remorse, which was sad and touching.
Kite was written on 1925 Lunar New Year. This is a traditional program of family reunion in Fujian. However, the Lu Xun brothers could not get together, although they were both in Beijing at that time. At this moment, it is very natural to recall a person's past mistakes and burst into sincere repentance. But what puzzles the poet is still a logical dilemma: because of his brother's forgetfulness, he cannot be forgiven; Even if you are forgiven, "forgiving without complaining is just lying." He lost the object of repentance and begging for forgiveness, that is, the logical premise of obtaining forgiveness. For this, he will always feel guilty.
1 1. Li Tianming's unspeakable difficulties, People's Literature Publishing House, 2000.
Fifth, the theme interpretation of emotion and thought in the article: the theory of multi-theme parallelism
The prose poem Kite, written by a kite, recalls the story of "I" abusing my little brother's spirit as a teenager, which implies the author's philosophy of life and is obviously symbolic ... In this way, the connotation of this work is manifested in the development of several theme clues.
One theme clue is that Lu Xun himself, the "I" in his works, criticized the feudal paternalistic cannibalism moral concept and behavior with the concept of modern science. Another theme clue is the opposition between the warm spring in my hometown in my memory and the environment of "it is still cold all around in winter" in real life. This description implies the author's dissatisfaction and resistance to reality. The third theme clue is the author, that is, the "I" in the work. Later, he asked his grown-up brother to forgive his mistake, but his brother didn't seem to have such a thing at all, so that he couldn't repent ... These three theme clues are all based on the first theme, that is, the theme of reflecting on the nature of killing children, and naturally intertwined.
Sun's About Kites was published in the 5th issue of Luxun Research Monthly, 1996.
Sixth, the theme interpretation of the emotion and thought of the article: the confession of the original wife Zhu An.
The true meaning of the so-called "kite" is arranged marriage; The real meaning of the so-called "play is the most appropriate behavior for children" is that "sexual behavior is the most appropriate behavior between husband and wife". Lu Xun's resistance to arranged marriage did great harm to Zhu An, but the so-called "not necessarily unintentionally, not eating a few pieces of sister's meat". Lu Xun deeply regretted this.
Just take the word "kite" apart and you can see another meaning. "Wind" means "romantic, amorous feelings and wind shame". The idiom "wind is irrelevant" has an explanation for "wind": males and females attract, that is, opposites attract. "Zheng" can be used for harps and harps, indicating harmony between husband and wife. Or reverse the word "kite", remove the word "Zheng" from the bamboo prefix to mean "fighting for the wind" and take the meaning of the first two words "fighting for the wind and being jealous".
"Cruelty" means that Lu Xun only cares about his reaction to "kite" (arranged marriage), but he doesn't know what it means to Zhu An. There are paradoxes in everything, and Lu Xun, who is observant, certainly saw the paradox of resisting arranged marriage. Lu Xun retaliated against the traditional culture of China by "breaking a butterfly kite", and Zhu An, who was "not at all wrong", suffered the most, making her an inevitable victim of arranged marriage. After all, Lu Xun is a writer with profound thoughts and rich feelings. It is inevitable to find this paradox and feel deeply guilty for a long time. If Lu Xun's painful confession is only a trivial matter of children's toys, isn't it a waste of the revolutionary spirit of great writers? Because of his brother's disharmony, Lu Xun is by no means such a person. Besides, there is no need to write such a poem for the disharmony of my brother, which seems childish.
1 1. Wrinkle Ping Fan's Newly Discovered Lu Xun, Heilongjiang People's Publishing House, 2005.
7. The relationship between kites and the May 4th New Culture Movement.
Lu Xun's praise of the beauty of human mind in Kite has a distinct color of the times. The spirit of opposing feudal autocracy and advocating scientific democracy in the May 4th New Culture Movement left a deep imprint on this very common story. In "My Brother" written by Lu Xun 19 19, we can see Lu Xun's criticism of the old ethics of "order through the ages" and his love for young people's naive interest. The feeling of begging my brother for "forgiveness" after realizing his mistake because he rudely destroyed his brother's kite was exactly the same as Lu Xun's call for "saving children" and "liberating youth" at that time. This anti-feudal idea has been further explored in Kite.
"Games are children's most legitimate behavior, and toys are children's angels", a scientific thought that conforms to the healthy development of human beings, has become a powerful criticism of the "spiritual cruelty" behavior in childhood. Lu Xun endowed this ordinary story with a distinctive fighting color. He revealed the deep connection between the beauty of human nature begging for forgiveness and forgetting others' mistakes and the spirit of opposing feudal autocracy and advocating scientific democracy, thus making the prose poem Kite more profound and brilliant.
Research on Weeds by Sun, China Social Sciences Press, 1982.