1, read aloud, recite, and write this poem from memory with emotion.
2. Understand the literal meaning of poetry, and understand the feelings between the lines.
3. Savor the familiar ancient famous sentences.
[Key and Difficult Points]
1, key point: recite poems from memory.
2. Difficulties: Understanding the artistic conception of poetry.
[Teaching time]
A teaching time
[Teaching process]
First, import.
Please listen to the teacher read a poem before class. In the distance, there are cold mountains, oblique stone paths and people in the depths of white clouds. Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February flowers. ? Who wrote this poem? (Du Mu>)
1. Introduce the author and writing background.
Which dynasty was Du a poet? (Tang Dynasty) Who were the famous poets in the Tang Dynasty? Who are the two most famous poets? (Li Bai, Du Fu) Later generations called Li Bai and Du Fu together? Big Dooley? .
Except? Big Dooley? What else is there? Little Du Li? Do you know? Little Du Li? Which two poets are you referring to? (Du refers to Du Mu) Where is Li? Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was good at writing love poems. Different from ...? Big Dooley? Later generations called Li Shangyin and Du Mu together? Little Du Li? . Du Mu lived in the late Tang Dynasty. At this time, the Tang Dynasty was beset with domestic troubles and foreign invasion, and the people were in dire straits.
Qinhuai is the name of a river. Does anyone know where this river is? Qinhuai River (Jiangsu Province) passes through the city and flows into the Yangtze River. There are many restaurants on both sides of this river, where the rich, nobles and bureaucrats enjoyed dinner at that time.
"backyard flower" is said to have been written by Chen Houzhu in the Southern Dynasties. Chen Houzhu lost his country because he spent all his time playing and neglected the national affairs, so his "flower in the back garden" became the voice of national subjugation.
Now Du Mu, a poet, stays at Qinhuai for the night and hears this song again in such a situation. What should his mood be like? Let's enjoy Du Mu's Bo Qinhuai. (Blackboard: Bo Qinhuai)
Is this a quatrain or a metrical poem? (five-word quatrain)
Second, students are free to read poems and feel the whole.
Third, students demonstrate reading aloud, and then the whole class reads aloud together.
Fourth, appreciate poetry.
1, appreciation of the first and second sentences: the smoke cage is full of sand in the cold month and near Qinhuai restaurant at night.
What do these two sentences say? What scenery did you write? What kind of feelings do these scenes give you? The scenery the poet saw when he stayed in Qinhuai at night: faint smoke and cold water, as well as hazy night. )
Who will explain the meaning of these two sentences? The Qinhuai River is smoky, and the moonlight shines on the sand bank along the river. Park the boat on the shore in a quiet night, in a restaurant. )
? Cage? What do you mean? (shrouded)? Cold? What does this word remind you of? The cold weather indicates that it is late autumn. Except in the cold season? Any other colds? (cold heart)
2. appreciation of three or four sentences: merchants and girls do not know how to hate the country, but still sing "backyard flowers" to cross the river.
Business girl, please read the notes. (refers to a singer who lives by singing. )
What do these two sentences mean? Who will say something? (At this moment, there is a song from the other side of the river. This is the flower in the back garden of Yushu sung by the singer who doesn't know the enemy of national subjugation.
? Still singing? Is it? Still singing? . These ignorant singers don't even understand the hatred of national subjugation, but also sing the voice of national subjugation! Are the last two sentences of the author scolding the singer? (No) Let's think about it. Singers make a living by singing. Since you are a singer, there must be an audience and a singer. There is no audience and the singer has no intention of singing this song.
Think about it. Who might these listeners be? In the case of internal troubles and foreign invasion, there are still some rich and powerful nobles who have the money, time and mood to listen to music. )
These rich and powerful people, knowing that it is the voice of national subjugation, insist on listening to it, and only under the current situation of national disaster can they see what kind of people they are. Indulge in debauchery, have fun and lead a drunken and dissolute life. How should the author feel in the face of such a scene and such a group of people? (sigh with emotion, contempt, sadness, indignation)
So what? A strong woman in business does not know the national subjugation and hate? On the surface, it means that the singer doesn't understand the hatred of national subjugation, but in fact, she uses the topic to criticize the rich and powerful people, showing the poet's contempt for their drunken life. Chen Houzhu let life slip away from him, and his country perished. These rich and noble people will follow in Chen Houzhu's footsteps without warning. In addition to grief and disdain, we can also feel the author's concern for the country and the people from his feelings about the rise and fall of history.
Writing on the blackboard: using topics to play games
Shangnvhao door guizu
Theme: contempt for the life of being drunk and dreaming, and emotion for the rise and fall of history.
Read and recite the whole poem together. Requirements: read grief and indignation.
Six, accumulation:
1, titled Lin 'an Prefecture.
Topic Lin' andi
[Song] Lin Sheng
When will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop?
Warm winds make tourists drunk and make Hangzhou a continent.
Besides the green hills, there are also green hills and tall buildings. The tourists in the lake are all dignitaries. They play with singers and dancers all night and are addicted to paper and money. When will this situation stop? The warm spring breeze blew the tourists as drunk as a fiddler, and they got carried away. They only wanted to steal a banquet in the West Lake and actually regarded Hangzhou as Bianzhou.
[Brief analysis]
This is a poem written on the wall of a hotel in Lin 'an.
In AD 1 126, the Jin people captured Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and captured two emperors, Huizong and Qinzong. The territory of the Central Plains was completely occupied by the Jin people. Zhao Gou fled to the south of the Yangtze River and ascended the throne in Lin 'an, which is known as the Southern Song Dynasty. Instead of accepting the painful lesson of national subjugation in the Northern Song Dynasty, the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty became angry from embarrassment and tried to strengthen itself. The rulers did not want to recover the lost land in the Central Plains, but begged for peace, surrendered to the outside world, and brutally persecuted Yue Fei and other patriots at home. Politically corrupt and incompetent, dignitaries indulge in debauchery and pleasure. This poem is written for this dark reality. It pours out the indignation pent up in the hearts of the broad masses of people, and also expresses the poet's deep concern for the fate of the country and the nation.
The first two sentences of the poem? When will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop? Seize the characteristics of Lin 'an City: overlapping green hills, rows of terraces, endless lights and songs and dances, and write down a false picture of prosperity and peace in that year. When the poet was hurt by this scene, he couldn't help sighing. When does the West Lake Dance stop? When will these Yin dances, which stifle people's fighting spirit against gold, stop at the lake?
The last two sentences? Warm winds make tourists drunk and Hangzhou a continent? It was the poet who further expressed his feelings. ? Warm air? Pun is not only a spring breeze in nature, but also an unhealthy trend in society. so this is it？ Warm air? It's fascinating. ? Tourists? It can't be understood as ordinary tourists, but means that the ruling class in the Southern Song Dynasty forgot the national disaster, lived quietly and enjoyed themselves. In poetry? Smoked? Drunk? These two words are exquisitely used, vividly depicting the mental state of those dignitaries who indulge in debauchery and ruin the country and the people. The ending? Directly do Bianzhou in Hangzhou? It is to denounce the Southern Song authorities for forgetting national hatred and family feuds and treating Hangzhou as the old capital Bianzhou. Bitter satire contains great anger and endless worries.
This poem is cleverly conceived and phrased: cynicism is written from a lively scene; Extremely indignant, but not abusive. It is indeed a masterpiece in fable poetry.
2, Zhumen wine stinks, and the road has frozen bones. (Du Fu)
Reflection on the Teaching of "Bo Qinhuai" in Grade Eight Recently, we taught four ancient poems in Unit 2 of Grade Eight. What is the reason? Patriotic? Four ancient poems of the subject's emotional unit. After explaining Hope in Spring, I feel that the explanation is very thorough, but the sentence-by-sentence analysis of students is quite thorough and in place. However, according to the test, students' grasp of the content and theme of poetry is still not in place.
I will reflect in time after class. Finally, I found the reason. It turns out that I neglected the introduction of the author and background knowledge and didn't focus on literary common sense. So, when I was preparing "Bo Qinhuai", I consulted the background knowledge about Du Mu's writing this poem. In class, I mixed the background knowledge related to Bo Qinhuai and a series of links to help students understand the article. Intensive learning? Exquisite What about yours? Have a good talk? Medium. As a result, when practicing the test, most students have a better grasp of the content and theme of the poem than Spring Watch. So when teaching poetry, meet people and discuss the world? Especially important.
? Knowing people and discussing the world? In other words, to understand the works of predecessors, we must know the identity, thoughts, experiences and family background of the author, and we must know the era, social environment and specific background of the works. It is considered that to understand the text, we must first understand the author's personality and the era in which he lives, which is a research method of the paper.
Today's students, who have studied ancient poems for so long, don't know much about the authors of several ancient poems and know little about the characteristics and situation of the times at that time. Coupled with the age characteristics of students, it must be very difficult to understand the feelings expressed by the poems of several great poets. Therefore, explaining the author's identity, thoughts, experiences and family affairs is helpful to understand the content and theme of the poem? Get twice the result with half the effort. ? Knowing people and discussing the world? It plays an extremely important role in the teaching of ancient poetry and appreciation of literary works, and in a deeper and more thorough understanding of the author's creative intentions and thoughts and feelings.