In the Duying forest with mottled tree shadows, the dendrobium trees planted by students are covered with thick trunks of Duying trees. "Should we choose camphor tree, willow tree or Duying tree?" "How to plant dendrobium to make it survive better"... Students worked in groups to inspect various types of trees on campus to find which tree species are more suitable for planting dendrobium. In the first month of planting, some students watered the dendrobium almost every day. Later, they gradually discovered that overwatering is not conducive to the growth of dendrobium, and watering once or twice a week is appropriate. By forming a project team, students experienced "situation introduction, clarifying tasks - collecting data, formulating plans - independent collaboration, specific implementation - guidance, process inspection - display of results, revision and improvement - summary and evaluation, expansion and extension." The whole process of project-based learning.
This is the “labor project-based learning of planting dendrobium trees” at Huanglong No. 3 Primary School in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province. It is also a new way of presenting labor education. As a model school for labor education in Wenzhou City, Huanglong No. 3 Primary School has built an on-campus labor practice base, including a succulent plant planting area, a dendrobium planting area, and a Jiahe vegetable and fruit plantation... Students can truly carry out learning activities based on problem solving during labor practice.
In addition to creating a good labor atmosphere, the school is also constantly improving the new labor education curriculum system: school-based courses at the school level include skillful dyeing workshops, aerospace model aircraft, Western pastry making, Ou embroidery, etc.; at the family level, they are divided into Serialized home economics courses for different grades, such as first-grade self-care and self-reliance courses, third-grade happy planting courses, fifth-grade gourmet cooking courses, etc.; at the social level, programs such as Lucheng Rural Commercial Bank’s “Little Banker”, 5050 Plaza’s “Little Salesperson”, Professional experience activities such as "Little Conservationist" at the flower and tree market.
“Labor education in the new era does not narrowly refer to physical labor or direct production labor, nor can it be narrowed to planting labor, but is based on physical labor and material production labor, exploratory innovative labor, and art. Practical activities of aesthetic labor,” said Principal Ye Kebiao. Under his leadership, schools, families, and society help each other to form a virtuous circle, using labor education as a breakthrough in the integration of the "five educations" to achieve "cultivating morality through labor, increasing intelligence through labor, strengthening the body through labor, and strengthening the body through labor." The educational goal of "cultivating beauty through labor and innovating through labor".
"Exploring interdisciplinary integration - establishing a long-term mechanism for labor education"
In March last year, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Labor Education in Universities, Middle Schools and Primary Schools in the New Era". Education has become a hot topic in current educational research. In the context of the new era, labor education should have a higher intention and position. Starting from 2018, Huanglong No. 3 Primary School has been actively exploring the construction of a new system of labor education in the new era, establishing a long-term mechanism for labor education, and giving full play to the role of labor education in comprehensive education in conjunction with the school's "Plain and Beautiful Youth" education goal.
Curriculum is the foothold of educational reform. At Huanglong No. 3 Primary School, every subject has a labor element, reflecting the awareness of subject integration. For example, courses such as ethics and rule of law and Chinese language focus on the cultivation of labor concepts and attitudes, mathematics courses focus on the cultivation of vocational awareness and labor skills, and science courses focus on the cultivation of hands-on skills. "The textbook provides many situations and materials for labor education. The types of labor and workers involved are extremely rich, which is close to the students' real life. Our mathematics group has sorted out the situations and content related to labor education throughout the primary school period. In the subject teaching Infiltrate labor education," said mathematics teacher Lin Ke. When teaching "tree planting problem", Link used "saplings" to simulate labor, allowing students to verify the rationality of their various guesses; after teaching "application of percentages" and other knowledge, Link used shopping mall promotion as an entry point to provide Students built a simulated trading platform where they acted as workers from different professions.
Scientific disciplines also have many intersections with labor education. The "Animal Life" unit of the third-grade science textbook involves raising silkworms. Science teacher Li An worked with students through project-based learning to design and build a warm and comfortable home for silkworm babies. Driven by real problems, students learned about the long history of sericulture in my country, as well as the living conditions and four different growth periods of silkworms, and then reviewed the information to learn sericulture techniques. By drawing design patterns, students made real models and designed comfortable and distinctive silkworm houses. Combined with the school's unique resource - mulberry trees, students picked mulberries, raised silkworms, spun silk, and peeled cocoons. They actively observed and recorded carefully during the activities, and felt the life of silkworms and the joy brought by labor.
In addition to integrating with regular subjects, the school’s labor education also integrates with expanded courses and theme activity courses. Silk scarves printed with botanical patterns, mirrors and storage bags with homemade blue calico elements, princess dresses decorated with osmanthus leaf vein specimens... This is a skillful dyeing workshop course that has been offered by the school for 5 years. In addition to learning to dye cloth, students also produced a variety of creative cultural works.
There is a fruit and vegetable plantation on the rooftop of the school. This is a fruit and vegetable "aerial planting base" opened by teachers. Teacher Yan Liren is responsible for leading students to plant fruits and vegetables in all seasons. During the harvest season, in addition to sharing part of the fruits of labor, teachers will also organize students to set up stalls at the school gate for charity and use the income from the charity sale to carry out charity donations. Yan Liren said: “During the planting activities, students experienced the whole process of planting and learned the planting techniques; when the fruits matured, every student felt the joy of harvesting.
”
“I learned a lot of knowledge in the vegetable and fruit growing class, such as how to make organic fertilizer for home planting. I heard that tomato branches can be planted by cuttings after pruning them, so I used the cutting method to grow tomatoes, and now they are successful. Teacher Yan also led us to plant sunflowers, eggplants, pumpkins, etc. The fruits and vegetables in our plantation are so abundant! "Jin Ronghui, a fifth-year student, said happily.
"Innovative project-based learning makes labor practice more creative"
Environmental culture is not only an important educational resource, but also a catalyst for student growth. Deep soil. When you enter the campus, the first thing you see is the succulent potted plants of various sizes in the "Red Scarf Agricultural Innovation Park Succulent Planting Base" on the left. This is the result of succulent planting by students in the home economics course. The appearance of the flowerpots, plant varieties, and combinations all required conceiving. The students finally designed a creative succulent shape. In the green area on the right, the school installed two wooden planting boxes. When the sowing season comes every year, teachers and students plant them together. Colorful peppers, space pumpkins, tomato trees, dwarf sunflowers and other different technological crops - students can observe the growth and changes of plants as soon as they enter the school every day and feel the magic of technological agriculture
In each classroom. , students put up flower stands to display the results of each home economics course, allowing greenery and the fragrance of flowers to enter the classroom. These micro-modifications of campus space not only meet the needs of urban primary school labor planting bases, but also allow students to no longer limit their learning to textbooks. , but can "dialogue" with every plant at any time to realize the connection between education and nature.
In the first "Osmanthus Festival" comprehensive practical activity held by the school last year, Teachers of Chinese, music, English, art, and physical education tried to integrate subjects, and jointly carried out activities such as writing osmanthus, painting osmanthus, and speaking osmanthus in English. They were integrated with labor education. While playing and drying osmanthus, students also made art. Osmanthus cultural works and Osmanthus delicacies
“This is a wonderful appointment with Osmanthus, and teachers and students are fascinated by it. Here are the embellishments of our beautiful life, the enlightenment of healthy life, and the joy of labor experience. " Li Linlin, counselor of the brigade, said. How to make a fragrant osmanthus sachet? Art teacher Ren Langlang explained and demonstrated the production process to the students. The students communicated and discussed with each other, threading needles, sewing, bagging, and stringing beads... under the guidance of the teacher Next, the exquisitely shaped and fragrant cinnamon sachets are completed. The production of osmanthus soap is more complicated, requiring the use of soap base, olive oil, dried osmanthus and molds. After learning the relevant knowledge, the students first put the packaging together. Put a container with soap base in a pot, heat it over water until it is completely melted, then add olive oil, sprinkle in dried osmanthus, and finally pour the soap liquid into a mold with the "Huanglong Sanxiao" logo, and let it solidify. Demold. A small piece of osmanthus soap not only integrates students' labor and creativity, but also becomes a campus gift with school characteristics.
As a breakthrough in the integration of "five educations", labor education needs to connect schools and families. relationship with society. There is a Chinese cooking practice base in the southeast corner of the school. Students must learn to cook four dishes and one soup when they graduate, including at least one Ou dish. The school places its trust on students. It is also a blessing to the inheritance and promotion of Ou cuisine culture.
Students need firewood when cooking, which they need to collect on the school green space. Each group has a clay stove, and the group members go to the supermarket in advance. Purchasing, then washing and selecting vegetables, processing, cooking, wiping and rinsing, serving rice and serving... Students learned to make food by hand, and were willing to serve others. Student Xie Yuqing explored the classic Ou dish "Three Silk Knocked Shrimp" "The production method, director of moral education Ruan Jiexi commented: "In the process of making 'Three Silk Knocked Shrimp', students learned to search for recipes and prepare raw materials by themselves. They also looked for cooking tips, practiced and accumulated experience through failures, and again The process of practice is the real experience of labor education. "A parent of a student said with emotion: "After the school launched Chinese food preparation courses, the child has changed significantly. He often studies how to cook at home, and now he can cook a table of delicious dishes for us! "The "Wenzhou Famous Snacks Production Workshop" led by teacher Feng Haiwei produces snacks and delicacies such as Yongjia wheat cakes and lantern cakes with strong regional characteristics.
"Reforming the evaluation mechanism-promoting the implementation of labor education Rooted'
Nowadays, students are actively participating in every labor position on campus. The school hopes to form students' basic sense of responsibility and responsibility, so that all health duties in the lower grades will be completed by students. , teachers Cheng Haisu and Chen Chao produced a short video on duty and played it in the morning meeting. Teachers Chen Xujia and Huang Yuehua carefully designed the duty class class to guide students to pay attention to various details of hygiene and cleaning; middle-aged students took turns They were involved in distributing lunch and moving tableware, and the daily maintenance of the student waiting room, school library, and on-campus labor practice base was also divided into tasks; senior students independently explored how to clean the glass, and also concluded that they could use a rag dipped in edible alkali or white vinegar. Tips. The questionnaire shows that after the launch of labor education, students' labor cognition, labor attitude, labor skills, labor hours and other aspects have been significantly improved, and the awareness of creative labor is particularly obvious in many students.
< p> The core value of labor education is to focus on students' all-round development and cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability.Therefore, the evaluation of labor education must reflect comprehensiveness and diversity: First, summative evaluation and process evaluation are combined, which not only evaluates the quality of students' labor results and the level of labor skills, but also evaluates students' performance in the labor process. The second is the combination of student self-evaluation with student evaluation, parent evaluation, and teacher evaluation; the third is the combination of display evaluation, sharing evaluation, and competition evaluation.
The school also incorporates labor education into students’ comprehensive quality evaluation report sheets, develops and designs evaluation scales, and comprehensively and diversifiedly evaluates students’ labor performance. The "Smart Campus" digital evaluation system developed by the school takes labor education as an important part of the evaluation system - this platform can display the process and results of students' labor, and can also generate points. Students can exchange points for gifts, and the total points are used as "campus labor" An important basis for the evaluation of "Little Master".
In terms of display-based evaluation, the school collects labor results from each class, selects a batch of distinctive and easy-to-promote labor results, and evaluates them in the form of short promotional articles, short videos, and on-site demonstrations. The Cultural and Creative Park displays exquisite paper-cuts, paintings, and fabric works made by students, and students’ labor practice manuals are hung in the corridors... Students will also receive corresponding labor points and collection certificates. The school continues to build display platforms to create a strong labor education atmosphere.
"My works have been displayed in the classroom by the class teacher many times. Everyone praised me for my skill, and I was named a 'little labor expert'." Zhou Lexin, a third-year student, said proudly, "Remember Last semester, the school held a cultural fair, and I created a paper work called "Blooming Flowers", which was taken away by others during the auction. The teacher said that the money from the auction would be donated to children from poor families. I was very happy. It turns out that I am. Labor can also help others.”
In Huanglong No. 3 Primary School, labor education is not only in the “fields”, but also integrated into students’ daily study and life. For a school, we cannot "work for the sake of labor", but should regard labor as an important course that can forge personality and achieve life growth throughout school education. Regarding the future, Ye Kebiao also has relevant plans: "We will take the integration of 'five educations' as the concept, take the transformation of labor education learning methods as the core, and use the school as the basis to establish a more systematic, complete and rich labor practice activity curriculum system, and explore' The new labor education model of "Trinity, Three Innovations in One".
”