Climbing Yueyang Tower
I have heard of Dongting Lake for a long time, and now I have finally climbed the tower.
I can see the endless floating of heaven and earth in the east of Wu and in the south of Chu.
But I haven't heard from my relatives or friends. I am old and sick, and I am alone with my boat.
To the north of this wall are wars and mountains, and beside this railing, how can I not cry? ⑧.
To annotate ...
Note ① Dongting Water: Dongting Lake. In today's northern Hunan, on the south bank of the Yangtze River, it is the second largest freshwater lake in China. ② Yueyang Tower: It is a tourist attraction in Yueyang City, Hunan Province, adjacent to Dongting Lake. (3) Wu Chu: two country names in the Spring and Autumn Period, located in the areas of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Chè: division, which is extended to division here. The vast Wu Chu is separated by Dongting Lake. Floating: The sun, the moon, the stars and the earth float on Dongting Lake day and night. Volume 38 of Notes to the Water Classics says, "The lake is more than 500 miles wide, and the sun and the moon haunt it." Gan Kun: It originally refers to heaven and earth. Here refers to the sun and the moon. Not a word: no news. Word: here refers to letters. ⑥ Old illness: Du Fu is 57 years old, suffering from lung disease, wind arthralgia and hearing loss in his right ear. There is a lone boat: it is uncertain that there is only one leaf falling. The poet spent his old age on a boat. This sentence is about Du Fu's life. ⑦ Rong (róng) to the north of Maguan Mountain: The northern border war resumed. At that time, Tubo invaded Ningxia Lingwu and Shaanxi Tai (B, N). The imperial court shook and quickly mobilized troops to resist the enemy. Warhorse: Warhorse refers to military affairs, wars and wars. In autumn and winter this year, Tubo once again invaded Longyou and Guanzhong areas. 8 by the porch: stand by the window. Tears flow: tears can't help flowing. Crying: tears, runny nose, which is biased, refers to tears.
translate
I have heard of the world-famous Dongting Lake, and today I was lucky enough to climb Yueyang Tower by the lake. Dongting Lake divides the southeast of China into Wu and Chu, and the sun and the moon are reflected on the lake. Relatives and friends who wander the rivers and lakes don't send a letter. When they are old and sick, they are only accompanied by a lonely boat. There is a war in the north of Guanshan, and there is no hope of going back. I shed tears through the window
Writing background
In 768 AD (the third year of Tang Daizong Dali), Du Fu arrived in Yueyang (now Hunan) from Gongan (now Hubei), boarded Yueyang Tower and looked out, touching the scene and writing this poem.
works appreciation
This poem is a masterpiece of five laws in Du Fu's poems, which was called the first of the five laws in the prosperous Tang Dynasty by predecessors. On the whole, the grandeur of mountains and rivers and the breadth of the poet's mind are both inside and outside the poem. Although sad, but not depressed; Although depressed, but not depressed. The first link is intertwined with reality, and the comparison between the past and the present expands the field of time and space. I have heard about the fame of Dongting for a long time, but it was not until my twilight years that I realized my wish to see this famous lake. On the surface, climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time was quite enjoyable. In fact, my original intention was to express my unfulfilled ambition in my early days. In the final analysis, it is to describe the brewing atmosphere of Dongting Lake. Zhuan Xu is a vast Dongting. Dongting Lake is the Wu Chu, floating day and night, the waves lift the sky, endless, I really don't know how many clouds the old man swallowed in his chest! This is a quatrain about Dongting Lake, which was praised by Wang Shizhen as "a hero spanning the present". The scenery is so magnificent that it is dizzying. The neck couplet is about the feeling that political life is bumpy, wandering around the world and powerless. "But no news of relatives or friends reached me" didn't get any help in spirit and material aspects; Since Kuizhou took his wife and children out of the gorge by boat in the first month of the third year of Dali, he roamed Hunan, taking the boat as his home, and the future was boundless, where to settle down. Facing Wang Yang in Dongting Lake, his sense of loneliness and crisis has increased. Self-narration is so lonely that it contains infinite affection in the sudden change and contrast of the extremely stuffy poetic realm. At the end of the couplet, I wrote the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and not being able to serve the country. There is a blank between the upper and lower sentences, which is memorable. The "past" beginning with "I have heard of Dongting Lake for a long time" can certainly cover the poet's activities in Chang 'an area for more than ten years. And this, in space, can be compared with "Guanshanbei". Cheng Xuan and Today echoed from beginning to end. First couplet narrative, parallel couplet description, neck couplet lyric, tail couplet summary. The whole poem is "Climbing Yueyang Tower", but it is not limited to "Yueyang Tower" and "Dongting Water". The poet abandons the exquisite description of the scenery in front of him, and focuses on writing from the big picture, calling for heaven and grabbing land, worrying about the country and the people, tragic and desolate, which makes people cry. Looking back in time, it covers Wu Chu and Yueguan Mountain in space. The sadness of his life experience and his worries about the country are boundless, which blends seamlessly with the water potential of Dongting and forms a profound artistic conception. This poem is the masterpiece of the five laws in Du Fu's poems, and it was called the first of the five laws in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. On the whole, the grandeur of mountains and rivers and the breadth of the poet's mind are both inside and outside the poem. Although sad, but not depressed; Although depressed, but not depressed. In the Song Dynasty, Hu Zai's Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua quoted Cai Taiwa's Xiqing Poetry as saying: "Dongting is a grand view, and there are many people who wrote it in the past dynasties ... However, if Meng Haoran's" a cloud rises from a dream valley and has been besieging Yueyang City "is not true, the Dongting is vast and the weather is magnificent, just like in front of him. It is impossible to read Du Zimei's poems. There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth.' Shaoling has swallowed many clouds and dreams in his chest. "The whole poem is pure fu, and it is a narrative style from beginning to end. In the past, some scholars thought that poetry used fu method, which had no image and poetic flavor. In fact, Fu is an important way to visualize poetry, which is characterized by not paying attention to the language of poetry and the visualization of local things, but paying attention to creating the overall artistic conception of poetry. " "The Story of Climbing Yueyang Tower" is a model of shaping artistic image by using fu method. The artistic realm it has reached has made people feel that there is no artistic method or even language, but the poet's thoughts and feelings directly hit the soul.