1.
Use scenery (lyric poems about scenery) or scenery to express your good wishes, or express the author's love for the scenery he wrote and the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, or show that he is not willing to go with the flow of the world, or express his feelings about life and the world. Lyrics by borrowing scenery are often implicit but not explicit, with a long history, rich feelings and deep feelings.
4. Ode to history and cherish ancient poems.
Nostalgia (including history-chanting) poetry is a poem in which poets feel the right and wrong of historical figures or events when reading historical books or visiting historical sites, thus triggering a kind of * * * sound about the current situation or their own life experiences, and expressing their feelings through the ancients and the past.
Poetry chanting mostly uses concise and carefully selected images to integrate the feelings of nature, society and history, or satirizes the present based on ancient monuments and ancients; Or feel that the past flourished and declined, and today is not as good as before; Or eager to make achievements like the ancients. Therefore, it shows the author's meditation after reading all the vicissitudes of life, and contains a deep anxiety of remembering the past and hurting the present. In other words, poets often take historical events, historical figures and historical traces as themes, and achieve the purpose of feeling rise and fall, expressing grief and satirizing the present by climbing high and looking far, reciting historical facts and cherishing historical sites. For example, Su Shi's "Niannujiao Red Cliff Nostalgia" expresses the praise of ancient heroes and the feeling of unpaid ambition in the face of ancient red cliff battlefield.
[14] Poems about spring and farewell (always in my heart)
In ancient times, women in upper-class society often faced beautiful spring scenery because of loneliness, thinking that their youth was dying, and they even missed their husbands who were away from home and traveled far away from home, so people had the saying that "women hurt spring" (of course, this "spring" can refer to love rather than season).
The farewell poems for hurting spring often describe or express the thoughts of the husband who is guarding the border by describing the disappearance of spring, or write the sadness that spring (youth) is fleeting and time is no longer there, or express the disgust of war.
4. Travel and service poems
When the prodigal son returns, a tourist who is away from home, seeing in his eyes, listening in his ears and feeling in his heart, all contain a longing for his distant hometown and a yearning for a warm family. Or express the thoughts of wandering wanderers, express their homesickness, or express their concern for their loved ones with what they see, hear and feel.
There are many such poets in their poems, especially Du Mu, Li Shangyin, Liu Yong, Qin Guan and Li Qingzhao. This kind of poetry can also be called homesick poetry, which is characterized by lyricism, full moon, tears at flowers and homesickness. Many scenes are stained with the poet's emotional color, so this kind of poems often express sadness, confusion, bitterness, loneliness, loneliness, melancholy and all kinds of parting feelings incisively and vividly, gracefully and implicitly.
5. Landscape pastoral poetry
China's pastoral poems have a long history. The school of pastoral poetry is an important school of poetry formed during the Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods in the Tang Dynasty. Poets take landscape and countryside as aesthetic objects, and throw delicate brushstrokes into quiet Shan Ye and leisurely fields to create an idyllic life, or express their dissatisfaction with reality, dislike of officialdom and yearning for a quiet and peaceful idyllic life; Or describe beautiful natural scenery and express love for magnificent mountains and rivers; Or show the joy of returning to agriculture and retiring, show more feelings of simplicity, freshness, calmness, leisure and selflessness, show the sublimity of different customs, pursue seclusion and have negative thoughts of avoiding the world. Their artistic achievements are quite high, and they have the ability to reproduce natural scenery with language art. The scenery is vivid, the scene is mixed, the artistic conception is beautiful, and the poetic style is quiet and simple, but they are not bold and vigorous. Representative writers such as Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Xie Tiao, Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Chu Guangxi, Chang Jian, etc.
6. express your ambition by things.
The ancients liked to recite things. There are 602 1 poems in the whole Tang Dynasty, 504 poems in the early Tang Dynasty, 746 poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, 455 poems in the middle Tang Dynasty and 3556 poems in the late Tang Dynasty. Everything in nature, from mountains and rivers to flowers, birds, insects and fish, can be described and sung by poets. While describing them carefully, they pinned their feelings on them. -This gave birth to poetry about things.
"It's about chanting, and I'm on the cover." -Liu Xizai's Art Outline
Poets do not directly express their thoughts and feelings, but use metaphors, symbols, evocation and other methods to melt their ideals and personality into something specific (often images such as pine, bamboo and plum), that is, express their sentiments and interests through what they sing. Or hold things to show their noble quality, or hold things to show their incompetence.
I actually expressed my feelings.
That is, the sense of things refers to the poet expressing his views and feelings about something. The ancients often wrote poems on the topic of "that is, things", which were born out of a little truth, expressing their feelings or worrying about the country and the people; Or reflect disorder; Or eager to make contributions; Or career setbacks; Or eulogize the rivers and mountains. Generally speaking, there is no strict definition of the so-called "immediate" poem. Many works with other themes, such as caring for relatives, seeing friends off, homesickness, giving people away, feeling life, and leisure, can generally be called "caring poems".
⒏ frontier fortress battle poems
Frontier Poetry School refers to a school of poetry that was formed during the Kaiyuan and Tianbao years in the Tang Dynasty to reflect the life of the frontier war in the Tang Dynasty. Representative writers include Gao Shi, Cen Can, Wang Changling, Li Jie, Wang Zhihuan and William Wang. They inherited the traditions of Bao Zhao and Chen Ziang, poets of Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties, Six Dynasties and Early Tang Dynasty, and described the frontier fortress scenery and customs with poems. Their poems either describe the scenery beyond the Great Wall, or express the impassioned tragic death of soldiers who defended the border and killed the enemy. Or reflect the fighting spirit of soldiers who are not afraid of hardships and defend their country; Or describe the desolation of looking at the moon and the bitterness of long-term fighting, the deep feelings and unfortunate experiences of soldiers and their loved ones; Or satirize and exhort the rulers who open up the territory to express their dislike of war and their yearning for peace. In his creative style, he is famous for his boldness and boldness.
On Zen reasoning poems
The poet tells his Zen-like epiphany or observation of things in his works. This kind of poems often have the same characteristics as poems about objects and poems about nostalgia, so we should pay attention to them when analyzing them.
For example, Su Shi's poem entitled "Xilin Wall" wrote:
Looking at Lushan Mountain from the front and side of peaks and valleys, from far, near, high and low places, Lushan Mountain presents various faces. I can't recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain because I am there.
"Lushan Mountain" in the poem contains metaphorical meaning, and the discussion in the last two sentences implies a lot of philosophies, which not only implies that all things and problems should be divided into two, but also implies that there are multiple answers to any question, and it also contains the same truth as the sentence "the authorities are fascinated, the bystanders are clear", but this sentence is purely logical, and Su Shi explains it with images.
A farewell poem for a friend.
"Those are ecstasy, but don't." As the most affectionate poet, when he leaves his close friend, there will be a passion in his heart. Therefore, in the field of ancient poetry in China, the poems of farewell to friends occupy a considerable proportion, and they are rich in content, which can be described as "telling the feelings of parting of old friends". This kind of poetry mainly expresses feelings of parting, expressing reluctant parting, or nostalgia, or comfort, or exhortation, or wishes by describing parting scenes; There is sadness, melancholy, expectation, etc.
In ancient times, the traffic was underdeveloped, and people "had a long time before I met her, but after we broke up". The poet wrote a lot of such poems, which left valuable spiritual wealth for future generations, including many masterpieces. Most of these works are sincere and touching, with a long aftertaste, which is amazing: "The lonely sail is far away, the blue sky is exhausted, and the Yangtze River is only flowing in the sky", which casts the poet's endless friendship in poetry and painting; "Advise you to drink one more glass of wine, there is no reason for people to leave Yangguan in the west", and the poet's deep friendship is included in the diligent blessing; "Only lovesickness is like spring scenery, and the south and the north will send you home", and the poet's lovesickness permeates the spring scenery of the world; "Mochow has no confidant in the road ahead, and no one in the world knows the monarch", and the poet's simplicity and boldness are pinned on plain language; "Luoyang's relatives and friends are like asking each other, and there is a piece of ice in the jade pot." The poet's crystal curling is full of understanding and trust. ...
5. Leisure and secluded poems
Some poets are used to the intrigue of officialdom and the turbidity of secular society, so they retreat to the fields and villages, keep company with fellow villagers and the bright moon, express their leisurely life and recite their feelings. There are many poems that reflect these lives, or express a leisurely and quiet mood, or express a yearning for seclusion.
The ideological content of this kind of poems is similar or the same as that of pastoral poems, which can be analyzed together.
5] Poems in mourning for immortals
Poets often have magical imaginations. When their loved ones leave them or their ideals and ambitions have not been realized, they often resort to sleeping, wandering around immortals and other forms, or meet their loved ones, or realize their great ambitions in fairyland.