There are more than 1000 poems by Du Fu, most of which are five-character poems, and most of them are five-character poems. This poem "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" is a famous piece in the Five Laws, which has been recorded in the anthologies of Tang poetry in past dynasties. There are many famous critics, such as Qiu, Pu Qilong, Qian, Xiao Difei, Fu Gengsheng and others. Poetry is very simple, I don't have to go to great lengths to write anything. I only reread this poem recently, and I have a deep understanding of it, so I belittle myself and present a short article.
This poem is called "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night", which shows spring and focuses on "rain" and "happiness". How these two characteristics are expressed in the poem is a key to reading this poem.
In the first couplet of this poem, the author tells readers that the rain happened in spring and points out the significance of the theme. Seal couplets describe the form and way of spring rain, neck couplets describe the rain scene, and tail couplets write the spring scene after rain. Every pair of couplets, like flowers in early spring, gradually blooms, but step by step, either straightforward, auditory, visual or imaginative. Every sentence contains "rain" and couplets with "rain". Exquisite ideas and magical brushwork are not only for everyone to see, but also for observing things in detail and writing characteristics, which is even more remarkable.
Then the "happiness" in this poem comes from this. Wu Xiaoru analyzed the works and appreciated the article. He thought that it was necessary to find out that the background of this poem was written by Du Fu in Chengdu, while Sichuan was fertile land and coincided with the farming season through exegesis, understanding allusions, investigating the background and testing life experience. In the first couplet, "knowing the season" and "being in spring" are a kind of joy; The couplet adopts personification, and "dive" and "fine" both mean that the rain is light and quiet, and "it is written with pulse", which means that it is not a rainstorm and does not hurt things, but a second happiness; The "cloud is completely black" and "fire is completely bright" in the necklace is what the author sees, which shows that the rain is very dense, while the "spring rain is as expensive as oil", which is dense and lasting and beneficial to crops. This is Sanxi. William said that after the rain, flowers bloom every minute, and the fragrance is full of "Golden Crown City", which brings spring scenery to the city. These are the four great happiness.
Many Tang poems can only be viewed as a whole, not dismembered. Once explained sentence by sentence, this poem is not a poem, and it is poetic. There are also many poems that only have epigrams, and the whole thought and language do not have much merit. This poem can be said to be good and natural as a whole; Good sentences, vivid images; Spell well and describe carefully. There is an overall aesthetic feeling, but it is also finely crafted. There is not a word that doesn't rain, and there is no connection without joy. Then how to show it specifically needs careful analysis and point it out one by one.
On the whole, the syntax, word formation and rhythm of Du Fu's poems are all representative works of Tang poetry. He is like a martial arts expert with a sword. The sword looks ordinary, but it is deadly. Literally, at first glance, it is plain and homely, with simple language and no difficulty. Under careful consideration, it is "the most unusual and peculiar", plain and interesting, light and tasteful, with endless aftertaste. After repeated chewing, it can be seen that Du Fu's wonderful pen is beautiful and energetic, but under careful consideration, it is "artificial nature". In the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Yi commented on Du Fu's "ordinary scenery writing, unintentional and strange, considerate, and even people can't come." This poem goes like this.
The first couplet is a link between the past and the present. The poem begins with a title, indicating that it rained in spring. Compare the rain to a wise man in an anthropomorphic way, knowing when it will rain and when it will rain, but the sentence is easy to understand and has no profound meaning.
Look at couplets again. Because the artistic technique of five-character rhythmic poems in the early Tang Dynasty was not very superb, couplets and necklaces were often just used for decoration, which did not add poetry, but this was not the case in Lao Du's hands. In this poem, the second couplet further shows the beauty of "rain". "Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently" is the rain that the author heard. From the perspective of human senses, he always smells the sound first, and then sees people. The author heard the rain outside indoors and found that it was neither too heavy nor too urgent, so he used the words "latent" and "sunny", which showed his thoughtfulness. Shen Deqian's Tang Poetry in Qing Dynasty said that "the God of Spring Rain came from March 4th", which is an appropriate comment.
The third joint, "Wild trails and clouds are all black, rivers and boats are all bright", is what the author saw when he walked outside the door, and it is his visual observation. Because I heard the sound of rain, I went out to watch. From what I heard and saw, the description of "Happy Rain" went further and the author's joy deepened. The former is "all black" and the latter is "all bright". The first half of the sentence is a panoramic view, and the second half is a unique point, which can't be hidden at all. Instead, it forms a strong contrast and makes the image of rain more vivid.
At the end of the couplet, "Xiao Jian is red and wet, and Jinguan City is heavy." It is the author's idea. From hearing to seeing, from seeing to thinking, it conforms to one's thinking and gives rain a human touch, which is another beauty of this poem. In the conclusion, the author imagined the scene of Jinguan City filled with flowers after the rain the next day. The word "wet" indicates the unique characteristics of flowers after rain, and the word "heavy" also indicates the duration of rain. See also the word "happy". At this point, the connection between the past and the future is interlocking, and the poem is closed, which makes people feel quite eloquent and unfinished.
Poetry pays attention to syntax, one sentence is wrong, and the whole article is weak; If you don't practice a word, the whole article will be wasted. According to the anthology of Tang poetry, the word "red" is interpreted as a flower, so why do you need the word "flower" in the second half sentence? "Red wet" means that the rain falls on the flowers, which is wet and heavy. "Flower weight" also means this. Tan Ming Yuan Chun's Three Hundred Tang Poems commented: "The word' red wet' is better than rain. The word' heavy' is particularly wonderful, not wet or heavy. " But this sentence is suspected of overlapping, which seems inappropriate and puzzling. Similarly, reading through the whole poem, there is no overlap, all from one to the end, but there are "red" and "flowers", which makes you feel abrupt. Perhaps it was Lao Du's poor choice of words, or perhaps the annotations of later generations were wrong, which was puzzling.