Ancient style
Tang poetry is divided into two categories: ancient style poetry and modern style poetry. The difference between these two categories is the difference in genre. That is to say, modern style poetry pays attention to meter, especially the level and opposition. , ancient style poetry does not pay much attention to rhythm, it does not require rhythm and contrast. (Of course, this is a very rough statement.)
Modern style poetry began to sprout in the Qi and Liang Dynasties, and by the early Tang Dynasty A kind of metrical poetry formally formed during the period. Its characteristics are:
(1) The number of words is fixed. Modern poetry includes regular verses and quatrains. Each regular verse has eight lines and each quatrain has four lines. The number of lines is limited. There are also "three-rhyme poems", but they are rare. There are also so-called "rhymes", the number of sentences can be more than eight, up to 1560 rhymes (more than 300 sentences), but the number of sentences is An even number. Each sentence of modern poetry is generally five or seven characters, and six characters are rare. Therefore, the fixed number of words can be said to be a unique feature of modern poetry.
(2) Strict use of rhyme .This means: a poem must rhyme to the end, and rhymes cannot be changed in the middle; a poem must use words with the same rhyme, and no rhymes are allowed; generally only flat rhymes are used.
(3) Pay attention to
(4) Pay attention to antithesis.
The two points (3) and (4) are the essential characteristics of modern poetry.
Ancient poetry is different from modern poetry. As a genre, the characteristic of ancient poetry is that it pays little attention to rhythm. All poetry always pays more or less attention to some rhythm, such as rhyme, which is a kind of rhythm; the words and sentences are relatively neat (four-character, five-character or Seven words), which is also a kind of meter. These factors are all present in ancient poetry, so it cannot be said that ancient poetry does not pay attention to meter at all. However, the requirements for rhythm in ancient poetry are not as strict as those of modern poetry. That is to say, the modern poetry mentioned above has to do with the number of words, rhyme, and rhythm. Ancient-style poetry does not have the four requirements of flatness, obliqueness, and contrast. In other words, the difference between ancient-style poetry and modern poetry is that:
(1) There is no limit on the number of words and sentences, and it can be four, five, or seven words. It can be miscellaneous words; it can be at least two sentences, such as Fu Xuan's "Miscellaneous Words"; it can be up to more than three hundred sentences, such as "Ancient Poems Written by Jiao Zhongqing's Wife" ***357 sentences.
(2 ) The rhyme is not strict, you can change the rhyme, you can rhyme through, you can use flat rhyme or oblique rhyme.
(3) Don’t talk about flat and oblique rhymes.
(4) Don’t talk about it Antithesis.
Ancient poetry is also called ancient poetry. As a genre, poetry before the emergence of modern poetry, including the Book of Songs, Songs of Chu, Han Yuefu, and five- and seven-character poems of the Han, Wei, and Six Dynasties, can all be called It is an ancient style poem or ancient poem. After the emergence of modern style poetry in the Tang Dynasty, poets in the Tang Dynasty not only wrote modern style poetry, but also continued to write this kind of poetry that did not pay much attention to rhythm, including four-character, five-character, seven-character, Yuefu, etc., which can also be called It is an ancient poem. However, it is customary to put "Yuefu" into a separate category and call the rest ancient poems, especially the five-character and seven-character poems, which are ancient poems in a narrow sense.