Poetry appreciation steps
1. Language analysis
Analyzing language is the first step in literary appreciation. Only by accurately understanding the language of the work can we further judge, evaluate and appreciate the work. Language analysis generally focuses on word formation, sentence meaning understanding and so on.
The choice of words and sentences generally involves the subtlety of meaning, allusions and words and sentences. The focus of the examination is those words and sentences that play a key role in expressing the theme, deepening the artistic conception and highlighting the image. For example, the appreciation of the word "green" in Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan; The flavor of the word "broken" and "lane" in "Clouds break the moon to make a shadow".
Understanding the meaning of a sentence generally examines the meaning or implication of a sentence, and the selected sentence is often a concise and meaningful key sentence. For example, the understanding of the meaning of "Liu Lang came again today" and the chewing of the meaning of "I will meet you again when the flowers fall". For another example, in the description of natural decline, the grief and indignation over national hatred and impermanence of life, in the description of natural decline, "There was a swallow in the world last year, who is the swallow this year", and the melancholy mentality and wandering feelings contained in the description of natural decline are often the focus of examination.
2. Image analysis
Grasping the image of poetry is the basic way to feel and understand poetry.
The image may be a character image.
Including objective images (characters described by the author, such as Zhou Yu in "Red Cliff Nostalgia")
Subjective image (the lyrical hero portrayed in the work, such as "I" in the mausoleum)
What the poet extracts from social life (action images, such as "hitting chess pieces and falling snuff" in "Ke".
Image (the image of a thing, such as a cicada in a cicada)
Scenery (landscape images, such as Lonely Smoke in the Desert and Blowing Open the Petals of Ten Thousand Pear Trees)
Grasping the moral behind the image is the key to successful appreciation. For example, we can learn from the images of "Lonely Sail" and "Far Shadow" described in "Lonely Sail" and realize the deep friendship that the author is still reluctant to part from the ferry to the disappearance of "Far Shadow". Another example is the sadness conveyed by images such as "Liu", "Xiaofeng" and "the waning moon" in "Where the wine wakes up tonight and where the wind dies in Yang Liuan".
3. Evaluate writing skills and styles.
The writing skills of analyzing classical poetry generally focus on the following aspects:
Experience the function of various rhetorical methods;
Analyze the expressions used in poetry;
Analyze the structural skills of poetry;
Analyze other writing skills.
1) Rhetorical methods: metaphor, metonymy, personification, duality, exaggeration, elaboration, repetition, thimble, foil and rhetorical question.
(Fu Bixing, symbol)
2) Expression: narration, description, discussion and lyricism.
Description: Dynamic and static combination, virtual and real combination | Point and surface combination, light and shade combination, front and side combination, thick brush strokes outline, meticulous brush strokes, happy scenery and sad scenery of Syaraku.
Lyric way: express one's mind directly, express one's feelings through the scenery, embody one's feelings in the scenery, and blend the scenery into the environment.
3) Structural skills: coordination from beginning to end, deepening at different levels, summarizing first and then dividing, scene first and emotion later, transition, bedding and foreshadowing.
4) Expression techniques: Fu, Bi and Xing; Suppressing change, layout description, symbolizing association, setting off, comparing, rendering, expressing ambition, imagination, association, taking care of, expressing ambition with objects, and reversing word order.
5) Chapter structure: get to the point, get to the point, express your ambition, make love with the scenery, get a proper total score, see the big from the small, go deep at different levels, take care of the transition and pave the way.
6) Thoughts and feelings: infatuation, sadness, melancholy, loneliness, sadness, loneliness, boredom, calmness, leisure, joy, admiration, anger, adherence to moral integrity, and concern for the country and the people.
7) Function: deepening artistic conception, deepening theme, profound artistic conception, beautiful artistic conception, profound meaning, thought-provoking and far-reaching influence.
Allusions: Generally speaking, we borrow the past to express our feelings, borrow the past to satirize the present, and cherish the past to hurt the present.
Imagination: more open and unique.
Contrast or contrast: It can be divided into positive contrast and negative contrast. . . Highlight. . .
Rendering: Highlight the image and strengthen the artistic effect.
Symbol: to express similar or similar concepts, ideas and characteristics.
Moderation: highlight the key points.
Sketch: concise pen and ink, depicting vivid images.
To analyze the style of poetry, we should combine the characteristics of the times with the author's life, especially the background of writing this poem. For example, the change of Li Qingzhao's poetic style before and after her southern crossing is a good embodiment.
4. Evaluate the ideological content of the work
Poetry expresses the poet's feelings and conveys the poet's thoughts with the help of specific language descriptions. These feelings and thoughts are what we call "ideological content". Whether it is the feelings of worrying about the country and the people, the pain of the country's destruction, the sorrow of the wanderer, and the resentment of the husband and wife, all of them are touching. If we classify the thoughts and feelings expressed in classical poetry a little carefully, it is easy to find that there are various types, such as sadness, loneliness, sadness, loneliness, calmness, leisure, love, praise, admiration, anger, adherence to moral integrity, and concern for the country and the people.
Strengthen written expression
The training requirements of written expression are refreshing, rigorous, clear and logical.
There is no need to elaborate on the requirements for refreshing the volume. Although the appreciation of words is far less than that of composition, we should also follow the principle of "writing first when you feel it", first conceive and then put pen to paper to avoid smearing. The paper is fresh, the marking teacher is naturally happy, and the candidates are invisibly well received.
Tight expression means paying attention to the rigor of expression in writing. No matter whether it is the care before and after, or the link between the beginning and the end, we can't take care of one thing and lose another, let alone go back and forth.
Clear organization is a structural requirement. Generally speaking, the obvious styles of one, two, three, four or one, two, etc. are often clearly evaluated.
Logic and rationality mean that even if your point of view is "before me, where was the past era?" Behind me, where is the next generation? " You should be able to justify yourself.
Poetry content
1.
The characteristic of poetry chanting things is to support ambition with things. When appreciating poems about objects, we must pay attention to the feelings the author places when describing things. The emotional expression of some object-chanting poems is implicit, which requires us to appreciate it carefully when reading.
For example, Yu Qian's Ode to Lime: "A thousand hammers cut out a deep mountain, and if the fire burns idle. I am not afraid of broken bones, but I want to remain innocent in the world. " The value of this poem lies in the metaphor of lime everywhere, expressing one's loyalty to the country, the will not afraid of sacrifice and the determination to stick to noble sentiments. Singing lime is singing a person's open mind and noble and innocent personality.
2. Frontier poems
The frontier fortress poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were heroic and unyielding, and the representative figures were Gao Shi and Cen Can. However, the frontier poems in the Song Dynasty show more resentment and sadness about serving the country and the hopeless sadness of returning home, with Fan Zhongyan as the representative. The frontier fortress poems are characterized by showing the times from different angles. When appreciating, we should first grasp the characteristics of the times, and then scrutinize the different thoughts and feelings contained in the works.
Recite poetry
If writing landscape poems is lyrical through scenery, then the characteristic of homesickness poems is lyrical expression.
Recite epic poems
Poems are mostly written in concise words and carefully selected images, which blend feelings about nature, society and history, or lament the rise and fall of dynasties, or lament the rapid changes of years, or satirize the decadent and shameless rulers, thus expressing the author's meditation after reading the vicissitudes of life, which contains a deep sense of nostalgia and anxiety that hurts the present.
language feature
Language is the carrier of poetry, and analyzing language is an important link in literary appreciation. Only by accurately understanding the language of the work can we further evaluate and appreciate the work.
(1) fresh. Its characteristics are novel language and unconventional.
For example, Du Fu's quatrains: "Two orioles sing green willows, and a row of egrets rise to the sky. The window contains autumn snow in Xiling, and the Wu Dong Wan Li boat stops at the door. " Four kinds of scenery, dynamic scenery, static scenery, gorgeous colors and fresh and vivid language are written in four sentences. Another example is Xin Qiji's "Xijiang Moon"? Walking in the middle of Huangsha Road at night is poor and happy? Living in a village, the language used is fresh and lively.
② Plain, also known as plain. It is characterized by choosing exact words to state directly, or using simple drawings without modification, which is true, profound and approachable.
For example, Tao Yuanming's group poem "Returning to the Garden", in popular language, is a family matter, not a carving. Li Yu's later poem "Yu Meiren" is plain but touching.
(3) gorgeous. It is characterized by rich rhetoric, gorgeous literary talent and fantastic feelings.
Such as Untitled by Li Shangyin, Quotations from Li Ping by Li He, and a musical description in Pipa Xing by Bai Juyi.
(4) lively. It is characterized by firmness and decisiveness.
For example, Li Qingzhao's early words "point your lips?" Broken swings, Bai Juyi's poems, etc.
(5) Recessive. Its characteristic is that the intention is beyond the words, often not directly described, but tortuous, telling him this, or quoting without sending it, or trying to say it for readers to appreciate.
Such as Du Mu's epic and Li Qingzhao's later poems.
(6) simplicity. Simple and clear. For example, Jia Dao's poems and Su Shi's poems.
Six paradigms for solving the problem of appreciation of ancient poetry
1. Analysis of Artistic Conception Course
Q: What kind of artistic conception does this poem (word) create?
Problem solving analysis: This is one of the most common problems. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. It includes three aspects: scenery, emotion and environment, which are indispensable when answering questions.
The answer paradigm: draw a picture (describe the picture shown in the poem)+dotted atmosphere (summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scene)+analyze emotions (analyze the author's thoughts and feelings).
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question. (Question 12 of the National Volume in 2005)
Spring scenery (Li Hua)
At the gate of Yiyang, the grass grows and the warbler flies, and the water flows from east to west. Fragrant trees have no flowers, and birds are singing all the way to the spring mountain.
When it comes to poetry creation, the ancients once said, "Poetry is not only sentimental, but also beautiful." Please appreciate this poem from the perspectives of "emotion" and "scenery".
Clarity: This poem describes what the author saw and heard during his "spring outing": there are grass, water, trees, mountains, flowers and birds, which can be described as a scene with its own characteristics (drawing). But it is not pure scenery writing, but scenery is full of emotion and scene blending. There are scenes of "flowers falling" and "birds singing" in the poem, which all show the tranquility in the mountains. (a little atmosphere), which reveals a trace of sadness and desolation (emotional analysis).
2. Analyze skill types
Q: What kind of expression is used in this poem (word)? What's the effect?
Problem-solving analysis: Expression is a method used by poets to express their feelings.
The answer paradigm: Ming technique (exactly pointing out what technique is used)+Elaboration application (explaining how the poet uses this technique in combination with poetry)+Analysis effect (this technique expresses the poet's feelings, or depicts what image or theme).
Example: Read the following two ancient poems and then answer this question. (Zhejiang Volume 16, 2005)
Qi 'an County Middle School Topic (Du Mu)
On the bridge of Erji Sunset Creek, half a wisp of smoke and willow shadows. How many violets hate each other, look back at the west wind for a while.
Visit the lotus pond at dusk (Yang Wanli)
The grass shook its head and suddenly reported Nong, and the shawl stopped a westerly wind. The lotus is still hot at dusk, and its lower face is hidden in a blue umbrella.
What expressive techniques are used in these two poems to describe the image of "lotus"? Please point out the different emotional characteristics of "Lian" in the two poems and make a brief analysis.
Qing: Both poems use personification (Ming technique). The "green lotus" in the first song includes "hate" and "returning to the west wind" (explanation and application), which contains the poet's hate, shows the feeling of grief and indignation, and has a sad tone (analysis effect). The "Lotus" of the latter song was blown into the lotus by the west wind, which seems to be "worried about heat", but it is also shy (explanation and application), showing the author's love and joy, and the tone is lively and interesting (analysis).
3. Analyze language types
Q: What are the linguistic features of this poem (word)?
Solution analysis: This kind of question is not a skill to figure out the usage of a single word, but also the language style of the whole poem (word). The words used to answer questions generally include: fresh and natural, unpretentious, gorgeous and generous, easy to sing, talkative, euphemistic and implicit, uninhibited, graceful and restrained in style, concise and vivid, etc.
The answer paradigm: clear characteristics (one or two words accurately point out the language characteristics)+list examples (specifically analyze this characteristic with relevant sentences in the poem)+analyze feelings (point out how the poet's feelings are expressed)
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question. (The third inspection in Chongqing in 2003)
Watch and pray for rain (Li Yue)
Mulberry leaves and leafless smoke come from the soil, and Xiaoguan Yinglong Water Temple. Watching songs and dances in Zhumen, I am afraid that the spring sounds will swallow the strings.
What are the outstanding features of this poem in terms of expression skills and language features? Try to make a simple evaluation.
Clarity: the language is implicit and ironic (Ming characteristics). "Mulberry leaves" and "local smoke" in the first sentence are sentimental in the scene, implicitly expressing farmers' longing for the spring rain. In the fourth sentence, Zhu Men is worried that the spring sound (rain) will wet the strings of the orchestra and affect their appreciation (give examples). The same "worry" and two kinds of feelings, the poet's sympathy and indignation penetrate into it and overflow out of the poem (analyzing feelings).
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Q: What is the most vivid word in this couplet? Why?
Solution analysis: the ancients paid attention to refined words in poetry, and this type of question needs to taste the beauty of these refined words. When answering questions, you should not look at this word in isolation, but put it in a sentence and analyze it with the artistic conception and emotion of the whole poem.
Answer paradigm: explain the meaning (explain the meaning of the word in the sentence)+describe the scene (put the word in the original sentence to describe the scene)+point out the situation (point out what kind of artistic conception the word sets off or what kind of feelings it expresses)
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question. (National Volume of the Third World in 2003)
Passing Ji Xiang Temple (Wang Wei)
I don't know where Ji Xiang Temple is, so I climbed several miles into the clouds and peaks. Ancient trees are towering, but there are no pedestrian paths, and there are bells in the mountains in the temple.
Springs swallow dangerous rocks, and sunshine is tempered by pines. In the evening, come to the empty pool and meditate quietly to suppress the dragon.
Note: An Chan: Buddhist language, refers to sitting quietly with eyes closed, without distractions. Dragon: refers to secular distractions.
The ancient people often used the word "poetic eye" when commenting on poetry. The so-called "poetic eye" often refers to the most refined and vivid word in a poem. What do you think is the word "poetic eye" in the third sentence of this poem? Why? Please enjoy the whole poem briefly.
Clear: "poetic eyes" are "pharynx" and "cold" respectively. The flowing spring water in the mountain, blocked by rocks, gives off low toxicity as if sobbing. Because of the darkness of the forest, the color of the sun shining on the pine trees looks dim. The words "swallow" and "cold" vividly, concisely and vividly show the quiet and lonely scene (artistic conception) (feeling) in the mountains.
5. One word (sentence) dominates the whole poetic style.
Question: One word (sentence) is the key to the whole poem. Why?
Solution analysis: Ancient poems (words) pay great attention to conception, and often a word, a word or a sentence can become the clue of the whole poem, forming the emotional tone of the whole poem. Grasping its proposition can often see the big from the small and examine students' grasp of the whole poem.
The answer paradigm: thinking structure (its role in the structure)+thinking theme (its role in highlighting the theme)
Example: Read the following poem and then answer this question. (Liaoning VolumeNo. 16, 2006)
Dongpo (Su Shi)
The rain washed Dongpo, the moonlight was clear, and the city people walked like savages. Don't be too jealous of the road, but love the sound of dragging sticks.
Note: This poem was written by Su Shi when he was relegated to Huangzhou. Dongpo is where Su Shi lives and cultivates in Huangzhou. Shantou: There are many mountains and big stones.
What is the function of the first sentence of the whole poem? Please enjoy it briefly.
Clarity: The first sentence is the foreshadowing of the whole poem, which depicts a moonlit map of Dongpo after the rain and creates a quiet atmosphere (thinking structure) to reflect the spiritual realm (thinking theme) of the author's mind Ming Che.
6. Different views
Question: Some people think so, others think so. What do you think?
Solution analysis: according to the original poem (word), you must find the reason and reason from the original poem (word).
The answer paradigm: find the main points (find the key points in the original poem)+describe with articles (in the form of translation)
Read the following words and then answer the questions. (Title of Zhejiang Volume in 2004 16)
Bodhisattva Man (Li Bai)
The flat forest is misty, and the cold mountain area is compassionate. Into the tall building, someone upstairs is sad. The jade steps stand empty, and the birds fly quickly. Where is the return trip? The long pavilion is shorter.
Regarding the content of this word, some people think it is "wandering home", some people think it is "thinking about women and people", and some people think it is both. What's your opinion? Please briefly explain the reasons.
Clear: the wanderer is homesick: a sentence or two is what the wanderer sees in front of him; Three to six sentences are about a wanderer touching the scene and imagining that his family is looking forward to his return; In the last two sentences, the wanderer lamented that the journey was long and the way home was uncertain, which added more sorrow (find the main points and describe them in different articles).
Thinking of women and people: in the last film, thinking of women saw the sadness of the evening scene; Write five or six sentences, thinking that women stand on the jade steps and miss wanderers when birds return; In the last two sentences, I think it is difficult for tourists to return to their hometown and lament that they will never meet again (find the main points and describe them in different articles).
Both: the whole word expresses the feelings of "one kind of lovesickness, two places of leisure sorrow" by expressing each other's homesickness and homesickness.
This poem adopts the technique of (expression, rhetoric, expression), writes the characteristics of (image), shows (highlights) (certain) thoughts and feelings, and plays a (certain) role.
Interpretation of key concepts
1. Contrast
Contrast is a technique of Chinese painting, which uses ink or color to render and set off the outline of objects, making them stand out obviously. Used in artistic creation, refers to deliberately describing from the side, as a foil, so that the things to be expressed stand out. It can be a foil, such as Qin Luofu, which sets off the beauty of Qin Luofu by the reactions of Walker and Teenager. It can also be used as a foil, such as "cicadas make Lin Jing more secluded", "monks knock on the door of the moon" and "birds are surprised when the moon comes out" to make noise. More things are used to compare people. For example, the moon in the river was written three times in Pipa, which respectively set off the wonderful and charming timbre of Pipa and the sad, lonely and sad mood of the characters. Another example is the image of "thousands of feet Deep Peach Blossom Pond", which clearly sets off Wang Lun's strong feelings for the poet.
Use allusions
To use allusions is to quote historical facts and use allusions in poetry. Ancient poetry attaches great importance to the use of allusions, which can not only make the language of poetry concise, but also increase the richness of content, vividness and implication of expression, receive concise and thought-provoking effects, and enhance the expressive force and appeal of works. For example, Xin Qiji is in Never Meeting Joy? There are five successful allusions in Gubeiting in Jingkou: Sun Quan, Emperor Wu of Song, Liu Yilong, Beaver and Lian Po. These allusions are historical anecdotes of Jingkou, and the poet expresses his thoughts and feelings implicitly and naturally with the help of these historical facts.
In addition, borrowing poems and songs from predecessors is also an allusion. For example, almost every sentence in Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting uses allusions, which enhances the cultural connotation of the article; In Yangzhou Slow, Jiang Kui used Du Mu's poems either explicitly or implicitly, forming a contrast between reality and reality, and expressing the desolation that things are different and different.
3. Virtual reality
This is a common concept used by the ancients when discussing articles. Virtual and real are relative, some are real, and none is virtual. Objective is true, subjective is virtual; Concrete is real, abstract is virtual; The present is real and the imagination is empty ... Poetry often uses this technique to expand the artistic conception of poetry. For example, in Liu Yong's Yulin Order, it is true to say goodbye in front of you, but it is illusory to imagine again, resulting in endless aftertaste. Another example is Li Yu's "Young Beauty". The first six sentences are one solid and one virtual, that is, "When is the spring flower and the autumn moon (real), how much is known about the past (virtual). The east wind (reality) of Xiaolou last night, so my country could not bear to look back at the moon (empty). Carved jade fence should still be (real), but Zhu Yan has changed (virtual) ",and the combination of reality and reality has entrusted the grief of my hometown. Another example is Jiang Kui's Slow Yangzhou. The scene of decline in front of him is real, and the hypothetical imagination is empty. The combination of reality and fiction can make the work more compact and vivid, and greatly increase the capacity of the work.
Eight methods of appreciating ancient poems in college entrance examination
1. Breakthrough from the title of poetry
Some titles summarize the important content of the work, some titles reveal the clues of the work, and some titles lay the emotional tone of the author.
For example, it is not uncommon for a bamboo window to smell the wind and make wonderful methods.
Sitting alone by the breezy window at dusk, meditating on leisurely thoughts far away from the sky. The breeze opened the door, stirred the bamboo forest and doubted the arrival of old friends.
Dewdrops on the branches and leaves fall from time to time because of the wind, which gradually moistens the dark green moss under the steps. When the wind blows open the curtains in the room, it wipes away the dust accumulated for a long time for me.
The word "literary style" in the title is the clue of the whole poem and the key to understanding its connotation. First, the two couplets are written about thinking of friends in the wind and suspecting friends at the wind; The neck couplet says that the wind blows the leaves, and the dew grows moss, which means writing the wind; When the tail is connected with the wind, it is also said that the wind is a daydream, and I hope the wind will send friends. It can be seen that the whole article closely revolves around the artistic conception of "smelling the wind", and through the image of the breeze, it expresses the poet's lonely mood and his yearning for his old friend.
2. Describe the breakthrough of "cold" and "warm" colors of scenery from poems.
When the ancients wrote poems and lyrics, they often used scenery to express their feelings. Therefore, when appreciating the scenery, we should first understand the words and expressions of the scenery, and then understand the "cold" and "warm" of the scenery written, and then grasp the author's thoughts and feelings.
For example, Du Fu (I) and two poems on water threshold.
The hut is far away from the hustle and bustle of Chengdu, with a spacious courtyard, no villages around and boundless vision. Clear water, almost drowning both sides; Green trees and flowers in full bloom in the evening.
It was drizzling, and the fish jumped out of the water happily; The breeze is blowing gently, and the swallows slant across the sky. The city is crowded with thousands of people; There are only two Three Lamps District here, and it's free.
The scenery in this poem is mainly written in the second and third paragraphs. The poet first described the surrounding environment of the open and beautiful thatched cottage with the words "Chengjiang is less flat, secluded trees spend more flowers in the evening", and then described a vibrant spring scene with the words "Fish come out in the drizzle, Yan Xie in the breeze". You see, fish are swaying in the drizzle, and swallows are flying lightly in the breeze. How cheerful and free! It is by depicting such a "warm" color scene that the poet expresses a leisurely and happy mood that he has temporarily settled down after the war.
3. Image Breakthrough from Poetry
Many images in ancient poetry have specific meanings, and poets often express their unique feelings by choosing specific images. When we appreciate poetry, we should pay attention to images, mobilize accumulation and try to figure out the meaning of images, so as to understand the content of the works.
For example, Wang Changling's Five Poems of Chang Xin Qiu (I).
The plane tree leaves in Jinjingbian are yellow, and the night pearl curtain is not rolled out to see the frost. Jade pillow jade pillow looks like a withered face, lying on your back and worrying about listening to the south temple-style leaking face.
The first sentence of the poem uses "phoenix tree" and "autumn leaves" to render the bleak and cold atmosphere, and the "smoke cage" in the third sentence further sets off the cold night environment in the deep palace. Combined with the last sentence, we can know that it is because the poet is in a sad mood and can't sleep. He feels that the leakage from the Nangong (the emperor's residence) is sad and long.
4. Breakthrough of implied keywords in poetry
Poetry is the product of the poet's "feeling". Sometimes, if we can capture the words that can best express the poet's feelings, we will find the key to appreciate this poem.
For example, Jianglou feels old, Zhao Wei.
Alone at the bottom of the river, I vaguely thought that the moonlight was like water. Where are the people who came to see the moon together? The scenery is vaguely like last year.
The word "thinking" in the first sentence lays the emotional tone of the whole poem and becomes a window for us to peek into the poet's inner world. Why do poets "think"? What is the object of thinking? From the following, we can know that the poet misses his friend because he saw a scene similar to last year.
5. Break through the sentences with poetic eyes in the works.
When the ancients wrote poems, they paid special attention to the choice of words and sentences, striving for every word. These poetic sentences often best reflect the connotation and expression skills of the works.
For example, in Lu Jun, Dong Shimen sent Du and Li Bai.
Not drunk for a few days, boarded the pool platform. When will Shimen Road open again?
Eyes rested on Surabaya, and the sea was bright. Looking across the wall, the cup is in your hand!
The third couplet in the poem is vivid, and the words "falling" and "Ming" are concise and vivid, which is the poetic eye of the couplet. "Falling" gives "Surabaya" a sense of movement, as if falling from the sky, making the static image dynamic; "Ming" gives the static natural color a sense of movement, not to mention how green Culai Mountain is, but that light green actively and intentionally reflects Culai Mountain. Connecting with the whole poem, it is not difficult to find that the poet wrote the landscape so beautifully in order to set off his pure friendship with his friends.
6. The breakthrough of the author's life experience
"Poetry expresses ambition", the author's life experience is different, and the ideological tendency expressed through poetry is also different. Therefore, we might as well make a breakthrough in appreciation from the author's time environment and life experience.
For example: Qingpingle? Xin Qiji, Wangshi Temple in Dushu Boshan
Hungry mice ran around the bed and bats danced around the dark oil lamp. There was a breeze blowing in the room, and it rained heavily. I talked to myself between the broken paper windows. From the northern frontier to the south, and now retired to the forest, it is already an old face with white hair. A cold autumn wind blew through the thin cloth quilt and woke up suddenly. It was still a dream country in front of me.
Xin Qiji was a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He insisted on resisting the restoration of gold all his life, but he was not reused and died with regret. Most of his poems express his patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity and pour out his grief and indignation. This word expresses his great ambition and his great concern for the country and people.
7. Breakthrough from the meaning of poetic allusions
Ancient poets sometimes use some allusions to express profound themes when creating. If we pay attention to and understand these allusions, it will undoubtedly help to grasp the theme of the work.
Like sending Du Mu away.
Down and out, rivers and lakes carry restaurants, and Chu has a thin waist and a light palm. Yangzhou's ten years, like a dream, wake up, but in the brothel women this is a fickle reputation.
In the poem, "Chu's waist is slender" implies "Is everything wrong? Second in command: "King Chu Ling has a thin waist, but there are many hungry people in the country." "Lightness in the palm of your hand" is the classic of The Biography of Flying Swallows, which refers to Zhao, the queen of Emperor Han Cheng, who is "light and can dance in the palm of her hand". The poet used these two classics to illustrate that he once indulged in debauchery and debauchery. Looking at the third sentence again, the "ten years" and "one sleep" in the poem are relative, giving people a strong contrast between "a long time" and "extremely fast", which shows the poet's deep affection. Throughout the poem, we can find that the poet's thoughts are not only contrite, but also dreamy and unbearable.
8. Break through from the interpretation of poetry
Some poems are appreciated with comments after the original poems. Reading these notes can help us understand the author and his works, so as to understand the author's feelings and the contents of his works more accurately.
For example: Li Bai, who boarded Yueyang Tower on the 12th day of summer.
Climb the Yueyang Tower and overlook the Yangtze River until you reach the open Dongting Lake. It breaks my heart to see geese flying south, and the distant mountains are in the title of a good month.
On the upper floor of the sky, stay in the chair and upload a glass of wine from the sky. The cool breeze rising after drunkenness, blowing the sleeves with the wind, we will return.
[Note] This poem was written in the autumn after Li Bai was pardoned and exiled. He is Li Bai's friend in December.
The notes after the poem provide the writing background of the poem. From the words "I was forgiven in exile", it is conceivable that the poet should write this poem with a relaxed mood. Therefore, all the natural things in the poet's works seem to be endowed with life: wild geese fly high and take away the poet's sad and depressed heart; When the moon comes out of the mountain pass, it seems that Junshan has a good reunion month. Such an affectionate and intentional scene sets off the poet's incomparable pleasure after being forgiven.
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I was just reviewing, so I tidied up.
I have to add some thoughts about the paper. The above can only be used as a reference, but examples can be used as arguments.
Say the world: There is always one novel website for you in Qian Qian. Say yes to the world