The artistic conception characteristics of ancient poetry are: 1, generous and heroic, magnificent and unrestrained; 2, desolate and gloomy, with deep feelings; 3, fresh and beautiful, leisurely and pleasant; 4, desolate and cold, frustrated and sentimental; 5, carefree and indifferent, broad-minded and detached from the past villages.
Modern poetry also emphasizes the creation of artistic conception, and modern poetry with beautiful artistic conception and harmonious rhythm is equally intoxicating. For example, The Cricket by Liushahe:
It's the cricket that sings in your memory, the surprise of childhood in my memory, the loneliness of middle age, the carving of bamboo as a cage, the falling of lanterns and fences, the sweet-scented osmanthus, the pomegranate fruit covered with pearls, the yellow leaves flying in my hometown, the leftover lotus flowers in the wild pond, the piles of hay in the field, my mother telling us to add clothes, and the years have slipped away quietly. ...
These vivid pictures implicitly and profoundly show the poet's nostalgia, nostalgia and yearning for his hometown, which is memorable and infectious. Don't think that words with rhyming sentences are poems. Poetry should be full of sincere feelings, profound ideological connotation, thought-provoking, touching and intriguing, giving people a strong infection and ideological enlightenment. For example, Cao Cao's "Short Songs", Li Bai's "Into the Wine" and Du Fu's "Cottage Blown by Autumn Wind" all have profound ideological connotations, and their surging emotions have shocked and infected people in many ways.
If you want to get high marks in writing poetry, you must pay attention to the expression of thoughts and feelings. It should be full of passion, profound thoughts, bright views or profound ideological implications, so that poetry is full of emotional infection and philosophical enlightenment. For example, Shu Ting's "Maybe" may answer the loneliness of an author. Maybe there are always no readers in our minds. Maybe the road has started wrong, but the result is still wrong. Maybe we lit a lantern and it was blown out by the strong wind. Maybe we burned out the candle of life, but there was no fire around to keep warm. Maybe tears make the land more fertile. Maybe we sing and the sun is singing. Perhaps the heavier our shoulders are, the higher our beliefs will be. Maybe we should shout for all the sufferings. Perhaps because of the irresistible call, we have no choice.
The poems are full of profound emotions and profound thoughts, and the language is sometimes straightforward and sometimes full of images, which set each other off and give people a lot of inspiration. Poetry is the favorite of literature and art, and it is highly concentrated and summarized. What needs to be emphasized is that fewer wins more, and there is a universal force of taking one as ten. This is to express eternity in an instant, to convey infinity in a limited way, and to express rich ideological content in as concise a language as possible. For example, Mao Zedong's "Long March" "The Red Army is not afraid of the expedition, and Qianshan is only idle." In fourteen words, Wan Li, a Red Army soldier, showed his arduous fighting life and revolutionary optimism. Another example is Ai Qing's Hope:
"A sailor said,/What he likes best is the white spray aroused by anchoring .../A sailor said,/What makes him most happy is the sound of an iron chain when anchoring ..."
Ai Qing has always stressed that the language of poetry should be enlightening. His "On Poetry" has a cloud: "The language of revelation, in its most ordinary shape, contains profound truth." Many of his short poems praise ordinary truth, and most of them express his feelings about society and life in the most ordinary form. The language is enlightening. The same is true of the poem Hope. The poem describes two kinds of "hopes" of seafarers, which is actually a tribute to the optimistic and heroic character of new China seafarers and their heroic spirit of daring to struggle and win. Because for seafarers, "looking forward to starting" means looking forward to fighting stormy waves, and "looking forward to arriving" means looking forward to and yearning for successfully reaching the destination. If you don't start, you won't arrive; There is no victory without fighting. Therefore, the two hopes of sailors express that they want to fight and win. By extension, departure and arrival-fighting and victory-are just two hopes of seafarers? Don't every revolutionary always have these two hopes in his mind on the journey of life? When a ship is at sea, it will constantly encounter wind and waves; People in the world will constantly encounter difficulties. A real revolutionary soldier should be like a brave sailor. The difficult answer is fighting, and the answer to fighting is victory. This is the profound enlightenment of the poem Hope. Imagination has association and fantasy, and association is the imagination of one and the other. The use of association can enrich the content of poetry. Lenovo has similar, opposite, related and similar associations, as well as causal associations, such as Liu Shahe's poem Ideal:
Ideal is a stone, knocking out a single spark; Ideal is fire, lighting the extinguished lamp; Ideal is a lamp that illuminates the road at night; Ideal is the road that leads you to the dawn. In the age of hunger and cold, the ideal is food and clothing; In the era of food and clothing, ideal is civilization. In chaotic times, the ideal is stability; In a stable era, the ideal is prosperity.
This poem is full of "yes" and "make", a series of "ideal is ……" and a series of "ideal makes …", which eulogizes the meaning of ideal. The last section says, "Please get on the ideal horse and start with the whip." I hope people will set up lofty ideals and work hard for them. In a word, this poem says that life must have ideals. Poets praise ideals from many angles, and a series of figurative metaphors contain rich meanings.
Fantasy is the imagination of things that are not realized or impossible to realize. Using fantasy can create new images and make the artistic conception of poetry full of magic and fascinating. For example, writing dreams, using myths and legends, writing hallucinations, traveling through time and space, and personifying things by metaphor, analogy and exaggeration are all manifestations of fantasy application. For example, Li Bai's "You didn't see how the water of the Yellow River moved out of the sky and entered the ocean, never to return;" You can't see the lovely hair in the bright mirror of the high room. Although it is silky black in the morning, it has turned into snow at night. " Lu You's "Sleeping at night listening to the wind and rain, iron horse glacier dream."
Imagination is the wing of poetry, and any work without imagination will not have touching artistic charm, especially poetry. Therefore, in order to get high marks in composition, candidates must pay attention to expanding their imagination when creating poems. If you don't have this ability, don't write poems with unlimited styles, so as not to be self-defeating. Poetry wins by artistic conception, whether it can create a beautiful artistic conception is the key to the success or failure of poetry, and whether the image of poetic language is vivid or not plays a vital role. It should be vivid.
For example, Wang Wei's "Lonely Smoke in the Desert, Long River Falling in the Yen" describes the strange and magnificent scenery outside the frontier fortress after entering it. The picture is open and the artistic conception is bold, which is called "the wonders of the ages" by the close Wang Guowei. The frontier desert is boundless, so the word "big" of "desert" is used. The frontier fortress is desolate and wonders. The smoke lit by the beacon tower is particularly eye-catching, so it is called "solitary smoke". A word "solitary" describes the monotony of the landscape, and a word "straight" behind it also shows its strength and perseverance. There are no mountains and trees in the desert, and the Yellow River flowing through it cannot express the poet's feelings unless a word "long" is used. Sunset, originally easy to give people a sentimental impression, uses the word "round" here, but it gives people a feeling of warmth and boundless. The word "circle" and "straight" not only accurately describes the desert scene, but also shows the author's deep affection. The poet skillfully blends his loneliness into the description of the vast natural scenery. The forty-eighth chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions said: "The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen." . How straight do you want to smoke? The sun is naturally round. The word' straight' seems unreasonable, and the word' round' seems too vulgar. When I closed the book and remembered, I seemed to have seen this scene. You have to look for two more words of these two, but you can't find two words. The advantage of "this is" poetry is indescribable, but it is vivid when you want to leave; "It seems unreasonable, and it is reasonable to want to go." This passage also reveals the superb artistic realm of these two poems. Modern poetry doesn't need to rhyme every sentence, but if every sentence can have a sense of rhythm, it is definitely much better than a poem without rhyme. For example, excerpts from To Oak: You have your copper branches and iron stems, like a knife, like a sword, like a halberd, and I have my red flowers, like a heavy sigh, like a heroic torch, and we go to cold waves, storms and thunderbolts together; We * * * enjoy the mist and rainbow, as if we were separated forever, but we were dependent on each other for life. This is great love, and here is firmness: not only love your stalwart body, but also love your stand and the land under your feet. Bright and beautiful images, careful and fluent thinking logic and distinct rhythm make poetry full of charm.
However, if poetry is full of emotion, profound thoughts and not too particular about rhyme, it can also have a good expression effect. For example:
I love this land, Ai Qing. If I were a bird, I would also sing with a hoarse throat: this land hit by the storm, this river of sadness and indignation that will surge on us forever, this restless wind, and the incomparable gentle dawn from the forest ... and then I died, even my feathers rotted in the ground. Why do I often cry? Because I love this land deeply. ...
From the perspective of sentence structure, parallelism is used; In terms of methods, he used a close-up shot similar to a movie montage to introduce us to the objects he wanted to sing in turn: land, river, wind and dawn. These are broad images of nature or the universe, but the poet chose these typical images, which are extremely concise and vivid, but they can make us have rich imagination and association and cause deep meditation. It is worth pointing out that the poet deliberately added emotional adjectives or modifiers before "land, river, wind and dawn", so that they were all transformed into symbolic and suggestive pictures, which not only hinted at the troubled fate of the motherland, but also hinted at the indomitable people and the growing hope on the earth, and also hinted that the poet should try his best to win them with fate. Even if you die, you should bury yourself in this land and enrich it with your body. From the perspective of conception, the poet still sticks to the virtual image of "bird" ("even feathers rot in the land"), which makes a strong contrast between life and death, and shows the bird's persistence and sincere love for the land in the comparison, thus artistically shaping the image of a singer who is loyal to the land.
Although there is no rhyme in the poem, vivid and touching images and ardent and sincere feelings have already deeply infected people, making them feel excited, unforgettable and chanting after reading it. Wen Yiduo emphasized that poetry should have three beauties-"beauty of music, beauty of architecture and beauty of painting". Among them, "architectural beauty" is about the arrangement of poetry paragraphs and chapters, which should have a neat and harmonious aesthetic feeling.
For example, "Farewell to Cambridge", at the beginning-I waved goodbye to the western clouds; The end-I waved my sleeve and didn't take away a cloud. Poetry reverberates like flowing water from beginning to end, which makes people feel light and smooth and memorable. Different scenes can be combined by montage, so that they can be divided into paragraphs, and each corresponding verse is basically neat. Such as Yu Guangzhong's Nostalgia and Wen Yiduo's A Word. Another example: Love Life (Wang Guozhen) I don't think about whether I can succeed or not. Since I chose distance and convenience, I only care about suffering/don't consider whether I can win love. Since I love roses, I dare to tell my heart/not to think about whether there will be cold wind and rain behind me. Since the goal is that the horizon can only be left to the back of the world/I don't think about whether the future is flat or muddy. As long as you love life, it is expected that the four sections basically correspond, and there are some mistakes in the order. If candidates learn from this technique, they can use this.