"Wang Jiangnan" is the name of the song, also known as "Recalling Jiangnan". Other names include: "Jiangnan is Good", "Spring is Gone", "Wangjiang Tower", "Dream of Jiangnan", "Wang Jiang Mei" and so on.
The famous lyrics include "Wang Jiangnan" by Wen Tingyun, "Remembering Jiangnan" and "Jiangnan is Good" by Su Shi.
Wang Jiangnan
Wen Tingyun
After washing up,
leaning alone on Wangjiang Tower.
Thousands of sails are not the same,
The water is long and slanting.
Bai Ping (pín)zhou with broken heart. (People's Education Edition)
Note:
Selected from "The Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties" (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1986 edition). Wangjiangnan, the name of the word brand, is also known as "Recalling Jiangnan" and "Dream of Jiangnan". Wen Tingyun (about 812-866), whose original name was Qi and whose courtesy name was Feiqing. A native of Taiyuan Qi (now Qi County, Shanxi Province) in the late Tang Dynasty. He is also a poet and lyricist and is one of the important writers of the Huajian Ci School.
The expression of gazing affectionately and affectionately is described here as weak sunshine.
Bai Ping is a kind of floating grass in the water
Appreciation of Wen Tingyun's "Wang Jiangnan"
This little poem has only twenty-seven words. "Ci is more difficult than making music, just as poetry is more difficult than quatrains", "you can't spare a sentence or a word" ("Bai Xiang Ci Pu Jian"). The sentence "let's freshen up" seems to be ordinary, "the words are not surprising". But these three words are rich in content and leave a lot of room for imagination for readers. This is not the way ordinary people wash their faces and comb their hair when they wake up in the morning, but a reflection of a specific emotion (joy and excitement) of a specific person (missing a wife) under specific conditions (preparing to welcome the return of a long-lost lover).
In classical Chinese poetry, descriptions such as "The stove is closed and not used, and dust is growing on the mirror box. The beautiful silk is abnormally beautiful, and the gold and green are dark and lifeless" to express the lonely and painful life of a missing woman. and mood. The usage in this article is different. The pain of parting, the loneliness of lovesickness, the days of loneliness seem to be passing, or the beautiful days she hopes for seem to be coming, so she dresses in the mirror, looks at her reflection, pities herself, and deliberately embellishes it. The result is that the warm fire of hope encounters the cold reality, bringing about a deeper level of disappointment and greater mental pain, and the person has to return to the miserable state of "a mirror that cannot be cured" and "a head like a flying pod". Don't these three words vividly express the environment in which this woman lives alone, her deep inner emotional changes, and her yearning for a better life?
Then, a broad and colorful artistic picture appeared: "Lonely leaning on the river tower." The river is the background, the building is the main body, and the focus is the person leaning alone. At this time, the woman's feelings are complicated; as time goes by, her emotions change. The excitement and joy when I first climbed up the building, the anxiety of waiting for a long time, and the deep nostalgia for the past... Here, the word "independence" is used very expressively. The word "Du" has neither color nor sound, but it has a profound meaning. This is not the "mutual leaning" of lovers whispering affectionate words, nor is it the "mutual leaning" of a group of people chattering. This picture of silent leaning alone reflects the spiritual world of the characters. A picture of a beautiful woman leaning on a railing and looking into the distance is actually a "suffering from separation from love" that "returns to the boat after missing the horizon several times". By linking people, scenery and emotions, the picture has the colorful colors of the woman in makeup and the beautiful river scenery, and the blending of the emotional changes of the characters and the flow of the river.
"A thousand sails are nothing but nothing" is a great emotional turning point in the whole poem. This sentence contrasts with the joyful mood of the first sentence, which is clear and strong; it is also connected with the loneliness and anxiety of "Lying Alone on Wangjiang Tower", connecting the above and the next. The boat was empty in the river, what a shame for people! Her hopes were dashed and her fantasies were shattered. What caught her eyes at this moment was the "slanting light and flowing water." The setting sun and running water are lifeless and heartless things, but in the eyes of the missing woman at this time and place. Here, he became a sentimental sentient being. This is an associative analogy arising from her painful state of mind empathizing with natural objects. The setting sun was about to set, but he was full of affection for the disappointed woman, and couldn't bear to leave, quietly collecting the afterglow; the endless river seemed to understand her mood, and flowed away silently. It is like a set of movie shots: a woman who is deliberately groomed, leaning on a building and gazing at the vast river, waiting for her lover who has not returned for a long time. From sunrise to sunset, hope turns to disappointment. How touching is the expression of this woman's misfortune. .
At this point, the description of the scenery, the expression of emotions, and the contrast of the atmosphere are all mature. Finally, the strongest sound of the whole song comes out: "The heart is broken in Bai Pingzhou." "The best is when you finish it." Compared with the whole sentence "without showing any trace", the last sentence seems to be too straightforward to point out the theme, but when the sentence is concluded at the climax of the emotion, there is still the meaning of "more than enough". Where is Bai Pingzhou? Mr. Yu Pingbo said that it is better not to "be too practical and speak generally" (Yu Pingbo's "Selected Interpretations of Tang and Song Ci"). This is a very profound insight. But in the artistic description of this article, it should be said that there is indeed a Baizhou in the river. It is not a metaphor, imagination, or general reference, but a real description. Looking at the river tower alone, one can see the island at a glance. But at that time, people were eager to see the boat and could not see the island. Thousands of sails have passed, the sun is slanting, and the rivers and islands remain the same. I can't see what I think, but I can't feel heartbroken!
Ci is an art form that pays attention to the writer's subjective lyricism. This little order is sincere, vivid and natural, without any pretense or any words that go against one's heart.
The buildings, sails, slanting light, rivers, and small islands that appear in the poem are all unrelated objective entities. From the joy of looking forward to Lang's return to the painful disappointment of "broken heart", the emotional expressions of these characters The complex changes of the character, the writer made it into a coherent artistic image through exquisite artistic conception. The writer's thoughts and feelings are like a bridge that connects these scenery and characters, and penetrates into the description of the scenery and the activities of the characters, forming an organic artistic whole, making the cold buildings, sails, water, and islands seem to have warmth. With flesh and blood life, it becomes affectionate; the scattered and isolated scenic spots are integrated into artistic pictures with internal logical connections; the external expression and internal psychological activities of the characters are displayed in a perfect unity. This is the resentment, hatred, blood and tears of the missing woman in real life, which deeply moved the writer; in these seemingly calm words, the writer's sincere and passionate heart beats.
This poem is like a beautiful landscape scroll. The river in the picture does not have endless waves, but only a helpless sigh. Even the afterglow of the setting sun lacks majesty. The implication is that there is a nameless depression and resentment that cannot be dismissed. There are also the buildings facing the river, the dotted sails, the slow flowing water, and the small island in the distance. They are all arousing people's imagination and fun. They have a beautiful taste and an artistic conception of blending scenes. This little order seems to be calm, but it is full of passionate emotions in the understatement, and it is full of ups and downs, and the "heavy strokes" can be seen where there is no effort.
Many people write about the subject of missing a woman, which can be said to be a "popular subject", but this little poem is unconventional and very unique. This is also a soft theme, but this song is not soft. The mood is positive, healthy and simple. Among the warm poems with a delicate and beautiful "flower room" atmosphere, this poem can be said to be a sincere, beautiful and natural, unique masterpiece.
(Selected from "Collection of Appreciation of Tang and Song Poems", People's Literature Publishing House, 1983 edition)