The expressive skills of farewell poems

Common methods and techniques and common images of farewell poems (1) are often expressed by borrowing scenery (combining feelings with scenery), shaping images with imagination and association, or lyrical ways integrating narrative and lyric. 1. There are generally two kinds of direct lyric: ① Describe the bleak and cold scenery when leaving, which not only explains the parting place and seasonal weather characteristics, but also implies the sad mood of the characters, renders the sad atmosphere and lays the emotional tone of the whole poem. (2) describe the beautiful and lively scenery, the so-called happy scene, which sets off sadness. For example, in Gao Shi's "Seeing Dongda", "Mo Chou doesn't know the way forward, and everyone in the world knows you?" Express your feelings in two sentences, "borrow someone else's cup and water your own block", and express your confidence and strength although you are not proud. 2, lyric with scenery, melt feelings with scenery, melt scenery with scenery. The objective image that a poet touches and hurts his feelings is nothing more than the afterglow of the sunset, the flowing water flowing through the waves, the river wind painting the rain, the flat sand rolling, the clouds crossing the Qinling Mountains and the road bypassing the Shushan Mountains. Once these images enter the poem with the author's feelings of parting, they become "humanized nature" and constitute a desolate, sad, empty and profound aesthetic scene. For example, Wei's "Give the Twilight Rain" focuses on misty rain, dusk, heavy sails, late birds, Haimen and Pu Shu, which are intertwined to form a heavy and gloomy atmosphere when leaving, expressing the sad feelings of leaving. For example, in Liu Yong's poem "Lin Yuling", the sentence "I miss it, and it is thousands of miles away, and the evening is heavy." On the surface, what I wrote was a misty and confused road, which is Xiu Yuan. In fact, what I want to express is the idea of leaving sadness, and the feelings in the scene are implicit. 3. Contrast: Don't write people's sense of separation directly, but write the meaning of things in their eyes, meaning "Why can people be embarrassed when things are like this?" This way of writing can deepen the theme and be full of charm. For example, Rong Hong's "Pavilion on the Home Lake" expresses people's feelings by writing about the sadness and parting of vines and orioles. Du Mu's "Two Farewells" (the second part) "The wax torch becomes discouraged and tears are shed on others until dawn." Tears shed all night are sad for the departure of the hero and heroine, which shows the poet's sincere feelings that he can't bear to be separated. 4. It is quite different from the farewell environment in the music world, including the farewell in the biting wind and rain and the farewell in the beautiful scenery. Writing the bitter wind and rain can certainly set off the pain of parting, but writing its beautiful moment can't set off people's troubles. The more beautiful the scenery, the more embarrassing it is to meet and leave, and the beautiful scenery has become a factor that adds sadness and hatred. For example, Xu Hun's "Farewell to Xie Ting", "When my brother misinterprets the boat, the red leaves and green hills rush". Ouyang Xiu's "Yulouchun" "Luoyang is at the time of Fang Fei Festival, and it is rich and fragrant." 5. Imagination (imaginary): In addition to the blending of scenes, imagination and association are often used in farewell poems. This combination of reality and reality. Farewell poems are often inferred on the basis of the author's feelings, generally imagining the loneliness of friends in travel after leaving, and the sad mood in this lonely environment. More importantly, I expressed my nostalgia and concern for my friends. For example, Liu Changqing's "Send Yan Shiyuan" wrote in the third joint: "The lonely sails on the sunset river are green, and the grass in Wan Li, Hunan is green." The poet sailed away from the sunset in front of him, thinking that the place where Yan Shiyuan listened should be Cao Qing, Wan Li. This is a combination of reality and fiction, which broadens the artistic conception of the poem and fully shows the poet's feelings of parting and missing his friends. This technique is difficult to grasp in appreciation and requires us to have a pair of wings of imagination. For example, Wang Changling's "See Weier" "Remember that Jun is far away in Xiaoxiang Moon, listening to apes' dreams and sorrows. "Imagine a friend disembarking in Xiaoxiang after leaving," worried that he could not hear the ape clearly ",and even dreamed that he could not sleep at night because of loneliness, so as to double the sadness of leaving and show his deep concern for his friend. In addition, there is Wang Wei's "Send Wei to Comment on Things", "I know that the Han Dynasty has made a small pass, and I am worried about seeing the lonely city." "Who wants to go with you tonight, only the lonely pavilion month. "All in this way. 6. Metaphor: In order to concretize abstract emotions, poets especially like to use metaphor as a rhetorical device in poetry. As farewell poems are good at using scenery to create an atmosphere of sadness and parting, metaphors are more common. For example, Wei Yan's "Danyang sends Wei to join the army" "In the evening, Jiangnan looks at Jiangbei, and the western Western jackdaw is full of water." Use "water leisurely" as a metaphor for the sadness of parting and the long-term friendship. Liu Guo's "Liu Song" uses the metaphor of "a lonely goose on the cloud and duckweed on the water" to express the pain of parting, and uses the metaphor of "the dust goes with the horse and the moon sails" to express the feelings of missing. There are also Li Bai's seeing friends off and I will think of you in the clouds, so think of me in the sunset. "Wang Wei's" Send Shen Zifu to Jiangdong ""Only lovesickness is like spring scenery, and Jiangnan Jiangbei will send you home. " Metaphor is also used. Liu Qian, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote the word "Liu Zaoqing Lu Meipo": Pan-chrysanthemum washes cups and blows plum blossoms far away, all in the capital. If we don't get together, we will be alone in the clouds and duckweed on the water. How can we teach people not to get hurt? Feel a few degrees, the soul flies and dreams are shocked. Acacia after night, dust goes with the horse, and the moon goes with the boat. This poem mainly uses figurative rhetoric when expressing feelings. In the last film, the metaphor of "a lonely goose on the cloud and a duckweed on the water" is used to express the feeling of loneliness and the pain of parting. The following film also shows that his heart will always follow his friend Lu Meipo's horse like flying dust, and follow Lu Meipo's boat everywhere like the bright moon to express his thoughts and feelings of parting. 7、? ? Detail description: the so-called details mainly refer to subtle behaviors that are not easy to detect, but are the most interesting, intriguing and can arouse people's imagination. This technology is easily overlooked. The key to understanding detail description is to infer the psychological activities and emotional changes of characters through external behavior. For example, in Liu Yong's Rain Bell Forest, "Holding hands and staring with tears, but there is nothing to say", the hero and heroine hold each other's hands tightly and look at each other with tears. They haven't said a word, and they have reached the point where they can't speak. With a very delicate description, the poet depicts the sad attitude and sad heart of the protagonist when he leaves, and reveals the infinite sadness when he leaves. To appreciate farewell poems, we should not only master the above knowledge and methods, but also understand the author, work style and creative background. I really know people, talk about the world, and watch poetry. When appreciating this kind of poems, you can follow this answering mode: what scenery-what characteristics-what atmosphere-what emotion.