However, Nalan Xingde, the first poet in Qing Dynasty, yearned for Ban Jieyu more: If there is only one time in life, why talk about autumn wind sorrow?
So, what kind of woman is Ban Jieyu, and why do literary masters write praises one after another? Let's take a look at it with the author.
The scholarly family is proud of its talent and looks. First of all, Ban Jieyu's background is almost better than that of Li Qingzhao. Li Qingzhao's father is a scholar and Ban Jieyu's family is a celebrity. According to historical records, after Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms, Ban Jieyu's ancestors moved from Chu to northern Shanxi, and later settled in Loufan, taking hunting as their occupation. Starting from Ban Jieyu's great-grandfather monitor, several generations became officials and became a prominent local family at that time. In Ban Jieyu's father's class, the officer did it. Zuo Cao rides a captain. Ban Jieyu's brother also has an official position. Later, Ban Jieyu's nephews Ban Si, Ban Biao, Grandnephew Ban Gu, Ban Chao and Grandnephew Ban Zhao were all famous scholars and senior officials who were active in the upper level of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Such a distinguished family background is really the envy of ordinary literati. Ban Jieyu is lucky to live in such a family environment.
Because of the good family environment, Ban Jieyu has no worries about food and clothing, and because of her beautiful mother and good genetic factors, she has been particularly handsome since she was a child. She is also very smart, diligent and versatile, and especially likes poetry. At the age of 17, Ban Jieyu is graceful, beautiful and famous all over the world.
In the first year of Han Dynasty, Liu Ao ascended the throne, and Ban Jieyu, who was smart, beautiful and talented, quickly stood out and was elected to the palace. At first, she was just a low-level envoy, but not long after, she was favored by Emperor Han Chengdi and was named as a Jieyu, so that she could live in the third district of the harem and become a shed palace. What is the origin of this Jieyu? She is the level of harem concubines. According to historical records, since the Zhou Dynasty, the king could legally have more than 100 wives. In order to manage the harem, they are organized into different levels. There were five levels in the Zhou Dynasty: the first level: Empress, one person, with equal status with the king. The second level: the third wife, accompanying you. The third level: nine people, responsible for handling court affairs. Level 4: Female, 27 people, presided over the ceremony and entertained the maids who entered the palace for pilgrimage. The fifth level: female royal, 8 1 person. In the Qin Dynasty, the number of concubines in the harem increased from five to eight. The first level: the queen; Second level: madam; The third level: beauty; The fourth level: lover; The fifth level: Bazi; Sixth grade: seven sons; Level 7: Ambassador Long; Level 8: Less envoy.
By the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the level of concubines had risen to 14: Empress, Zhao Yi, Jieyu, E, Ronghua, Beauty, Eight sons, Worship Yi, Seven sons, Lover, Long Ambassador, Small Ambassador, Five Signs, Shunchang and Wu Juan, and Ban Jieyu ranked third.
When he entered the palace, he was favored, but he was not arrogant and noble. Because Ban Jieyu was born in a famous family in Bancroft, he had little talent and high literary attainments. After entering the palace, she often used her literary talent and unique charm to influence Han Chengdi imperceptibly. Besides, she is familiar with historical events. In the chat with Emperor Han Chengdi, she can often quote the classics casually, explain the inner anguish and incomprehension of Emperor Cheng, enlighten and help him to be a wise monarch in political affairs.
Since ancient times, there have been many beautiful and talented women like Ban Jieyu. Therefore, for Emperor Han Chengdi, Ban Jieyu was not only a woman who provided him with the pleasure of having sex, but also a mentor and friend in his life.
In his first few years in the palace, Emperor Han Cheng loved Ban Jieyu more than anyone else. In order to be inseparable from Ban Jieyu, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty specially ordered people to build a bigger car to travel with Ban Jieyu. According to historical records, during the Han Dynasty, the emperor cruised in the palace gardens, often riding in luxury cars, with silk as the curtain and brocade mattress as the cushion, with two eunuchs dragging in front of him, called chariots; As for the car that the queen's concubines took, only one person was supporting it. For most ladies-in-waiting, it is a great honor to be pampered by the emperor for one night, and there is no hope of going out with the emperor.
However, Ban Jieyu is an exception. Emperor Han Chengdi asked to go with him, but Ban Jieyu refused: Looking at ancient paintings, sages and ministers were all surrounded by famous ministers, and the Lord had daughters at the end of three generations. Now, if you want to travel with him, is it similar? This point is recorded in the biography of consorts in Han Dynasty, which translated into modern Chinese means: I see the pictures left over from ancient times, and all the sages are surrounded by famous ministers. Only Xia Jie, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and Zhou Youwang, the last masters of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, were present with their lucky concubines. But in the end, it ended in ruin. Dear emperor, if I get on and off with you, won't I be like them? How terrible! Emperor Hancheng just heard this, but he was still a little unhappy, so he stopped here. But when I think about it later, he thinks what Ban Jieyu said is very reasonable, so I have to forget about it for the time being.
The fact that Ban Jieyu refused to travel with the emperor for reasons was heard by the empress dowager, the mother of Emperor Hancheng. She said to the people around her with great appreciation: There was Fan Ji in ancient times, and now there is Ban Jieyu.
Fan Ji, the concubine of Chu Zhuangwang in the Spring and Autumn Period, is famous for being good at persuading Chu Zhuangwang to make fewer mistakes, be diligent and love the people, and make great efforts to govern. Chu Zhuangwang just acceded to the throne, like hunting, not in politics, Fan Ji tried to persuade, but with little success. So she stopped eating animal meat, and Chu Zhuangwang was finally moved by Fan Ji. From then on, she turned over a new leaf, didn't go hunting much, and worked hard in politics. Later, due to the recommendation of Fan Ji, Sun Shuai, a sage, was appointed as Lingyin Prime Minister, and he dominated the world for three years, becoming one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. The Queen Mother compared Ban Jieyu to Fan Ji, which is the highest praise for her.
Because of Ban Jieyu's virtue, she was loved by harem wives. Ban Jieyu never competes for favor and does not interfere in politics. He abides by moral standards and acts correctly. Even when she was in favor, she didn't rely on her pet to be overbearing, but maintained her virtue as a woman and didn't cross the line. Her words and deeds were praised by the queen mother and the people, setting a good example for the imperial secretary.
The Zhao sisters entered the palace and hurried back to save their lives. However, things did not develop as expected. Ban Jieyu didn't become the wife of Emperor Han Chengdi, nor did he help Emperor Han Chengdi become a wise king. Soon, she fell out of favor. The reason for falling out of favor is the arrival of the dancer Zhao sisters.
Who is this sister Scott? Just mention Zhao, and everyone will understand. Wang Changling, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "A Long Letter to Autumn": A broom opens the Golden Palace and a round fan haunts. A beautiful face is not as beautiful as a crow, and it can also bring the shadow of Zhaoyang Hall.
Among them, the metaphor of round fans is Ban Jieyu, while the color of western Western jackdaw is Zhao. Xin Qiji, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote the same thing in Fishing: How many storms can you eliminate? In a hurry, spring is back. Cherish spring for fear of early blooming, not to mention countless red flowers. Live in spring. See, there is no turning back at the end of the world. The only way to complain about the silence in spring is to be diligent, draw cobwebs on the eaves and do everything in Yogyakarta. Nagato, quasi-quasi-rituals and mistakes. Emei used to be envied. A thousand dollars to buy each other is like buying a gift, but who complains about this situation? Mo junwu Don't you see that Yuhuan Yanfei is full of dust? Leisure is the hardest. Don't lean on the hedge, the sun goes down, and the flowers are bright.
Although the flying swallows in Yuhuan were all dust, Zhao was above ten thousand people at that time. Even Ban Jieyu, who is both talented and handsome, can only give up surrender, but he can't help himself.
Because Liu Ao, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, was a lecherous, when he was a prince, he was more than dissolute, especially after he acceded to the throne. Although Ban Jieyu is accompanied by such a beautiful woman every day, he is still not satisfied. On one occasion, Emperor Han Chengdi went to Yang Afei's house incognito, and saw a dancer, graceful and charming, and immediately called her into the palace for blessing. This dancer is none other than Zhao, who is known for her light figure and graceful dancing. After Zhao entered the palace, he recommended his sister Zhao Hede to enter the palace, so both of them got the favor and favor, preferring the harem to the imperial court.
After the Zhao sisters were favored, Queen Xu was left out in the cold. The mother of the country never wanted to lose her lofty position, so she decided to fight with all her might. Empress Xu set up an altar in her bedroom and sacrificed to heaven at dawn and dusk. She not only blessed the emperor, but also cursed the Zhao sisters, hoping that the gods could help her get rid of the Zhao sisters. But the news that she was worshipped soon reached the ears of the Zhao sisters. When they had sex with Emperor Han in the middle of the night, they added fuel to the fire and complained to Emperor Han. In a rage, Emperor Hancheng indiscriminately demoted Queen Xu to Zhaotai Palace.
Apart from Queen Xu, Ban Jieyu, ranked third, is the biggest enemy number one. As a result, the Scott sisters slandered Emperor Cheng as Ban Jieyu. Without careful consideration, Emperor Han Chengdi began to investigate. Fortunately, Ban Jieyu was unhurried and tactfully stated: I heard that life and death are life, and wealth is in the sky. This adjustment has not yet been approved. What is the hope of evil desire? Let ghosts and gods know that they are not subject to _; If it's ignorance, what's good for _? So don't do it! I heard that there is life and death, and wealth is in the sky, but the correction has not been blessed. What hope is there for evil? If ghosts and gods really know, how can they listen to slanderers? Ghosts and gods are ignorant. What's the use of these slanderers? Male and female servants not only dare not do these things, but also disdain to do them.
Hearing this, Emperor Han Chengdi thought about it. He thinks Ban Jieyu is right. Not long ago, he read about his love. He pitied him and gave him 100 Jin of gold, but he refused to pursue it. At the same time, he also made up for his guilt in her heart.
Soon after, Emperor Han Cheng made Zhao the queen and his sister Zhao Hede the queen. Since then, the harem has become the world of Zhao sisters. Ban Jieyu thoroughly saw the downfall of Emperor Han Chengdi. She is already disheartened. After careful consideration, she finally made a decision: to * * * raise the queen mother and grow a new palace. Emperor Han Chengdi agreed to his request, and the wise Ban Jieyu put himself under the wing of the Queen Mother, but he was helpless to preserve his sanity.
Happiness and misfortune depend on each other, and everyone is born from now on. From then on, Ban Jieyu could no longer get the favor of Emperor Han Cheng and stay away from the bustling emperor's bedroom. From then on, she only had a lonely palace with Leng Yue. She is quiet inside, like a piece of wood. There is no slang for a long time except to burn incense and worship Buddha with the Queen Mother. While playing the guzheng, she also began to scribble, hoping to express her feelings. Li Yi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in his poem about the palace: The flowers in the palace are wet and fragrant, and Zhaoyang blows the song of the moon. It's like adding seawater to a crack in the palace and leaving Nagato for one night.
Described Ban Jieyu's situation and mood in this life.
But it is precisely because of this long-term loneliness and loneliness that a famous master of Ci Fu was born. After reading the Book of Songs, My Fair Lady, Xian Xiang, Nvshi and other works since childhood, although Ban Jieyu wrote some poems after he entered the palace, he never felt as full of thoughts and poetry as he did after he fell out of favor. At this time, Ban Jieyu often pinned her sadness on her poems and poems. For example, the grievances handed down later are the representative works of Ban Jieyu after he fell out of favor. Let's take a look at this widely circulated five-character poem, which is included in the collection of famous ancient poems such as Selected Works, Yutai New Poetry and Yuefu Poetry. The whole poem is as follows: the song of complaint is new and cracked, fresh and clean as frost and snow.
Cut into acacia fans, round like the bright moon.
In and out of your arms, shaking the breeze.
I am often afraid that the autumn festival will come and the cold will seize the heat.
If you leave it in the basket, you will find it impossible to be kind.
This is a poem about love, which describes the unfortunate fate of the beloved concubine who was eventually abandoned with a fan, and expresses the poet's anguish and sadness in seclusion in the deep palace after falling out of favor, as well as his dissatisfaction and helplessness. Although the words are flashy, they are resentful. Zhong Rong, a scholar in the Southern Dynasties, commented in his poems that the short chapter of the round fan is clear and concise, and the resentment is profound and elegant, which is the result of a woman.
Ban Jieyu is highly respected and admired for this poem.
This song of complaint also made the literati in the past dynasties amazed. They either commented, sang or sent their feelings, resulting in many touching poems and paintings. Many famous artists regard lamentation as the first work of court poetry. Cao Zhi, a litterateur of the Three Kingdoms, praised Ban Jieyu: Ban Jieyu is the only one with virtue and words. The surplus fills its arrogance, and the poor fills its boredom. This is really difficult in Zheng Jin, as well. When the wind blows, it dries, and when the frost blows, the leaves shake.
Lu Ji, a scholar of the Three Kingdoms, expressed his resentment: Jieyu left his favor, but stayed for a long time and finally disappeared. Love is on the jade steps, and it is just a fan. In addition to the dark stage of spring moss, autumn grass is high. Walking at dusk, I am worried about coming to Kong Yu.
Liang Liu of the Southern Dynasties complained to Ban Jieyu that the door was closed when it was silent, not when the court closed. In the days of youth, the green grass is growing. My body is like an autumn fan. Think about it. Who remembers to swim lightly? From now on, I will resign.
During this period, Ban Jieyu also wrote a famous long letter about the palace. His words are as follows: Cheng Zukao's legacy is virtuous, and the spirit of his life is exquisite. He climbed thin in the palace and filled it in the backyard. Blessed by the Holy Emperor, the moon on that day was bright and bright, and the dragon was favored by Ceng Cheng. Fortunately, I was not in the same position, and I was almost ecstatic when I stole it. Every time I fell asleep, I felt tired. Shen Pei left herself to think. Chen tried to monitor Xi with a mirror, take care of women's history and ask poems. The works of sad morning girls are warnings, sad praises and sad posts; The daughter of American imperialists and British imperialists is anxious, and respects the mother of Zhou. Although silly and awkward, dare to give up your heart, forget it? Over the years, I have been mourning for my fear, and I am not proud to be a fan of China. I feel sorry for Yang Lu and Guan Zhe, but I am still in infancy and far from disaster. Is it my fault? It's impossible to find destiny. The days have suddenly gone, so it's dark and obscure, and it's covered with kindness. Don't waste it on evil emails. In the East Palace raised by * * *, I worshipped the last long letter, and * * * made a curtain call and died forever. I wish to return to the bones at the foot of the mountain and sleep in accordance with the pine and cypress.
This poem was written since I entered the palace and has been favored by myself. I have been writing about self-pity, cherishing feathers and refusing prosperity. I imitated the virgins and fierce women in ancient times, and I would like to live in the palace for a long time. The lonely lamp reflected the wall, and the room was deserted. When I think of my old love with the emperor, I feel that tears are falling, which makes me deeply grieved and mercilessly devours her colorful years day and night. Finally, I wrote that I only hope to bury my bones under the pine and cypress trees in my hometown in a hundred years. Poetry is so sad that it is unbearable to read. In two years, Emperor Hancheng died suddenly overnight, and the ruling and opposition parties accused the Zhao sisters. Legend has it that Zhao's sisters caused Han Chengdi to take too many aphrodisiacs and die. Zhao Hede then committed suicide. A few years later, the former Empress Dowager Zhao also committed suicide.
After the death of Emperor Han Cheng, Ban Jieyu applied for guarding the mausoleum. In the desert of Shan Ye, in loneliness and sadness, Ban Jieyu watched the stone figures and horses in the air, listened to the breeze and music, watched the cigarette smoke and the waning moon, and she passed the time alone. I don't know how many years passed. Ban Jieyu, 50, passed away sadly and was buried in Yanling.
Although there was only one word in the evaluation of Ban Jieyu in Han Dynasty, the evaluation of Zhao and Zhao Hede was the whole word. Perhaps it was because of this word that historians' brushwork fixed the praise and criticism of Ban Jieyu's life.
However, history is fair after all. Although the Han Dynasty only wrote a conclusion about Ban Jieyu with the word "Ci", the scholars of later generations never stopped eulogizing her, and her legendary story has been spread all over the world forever and has been brilliant. Fu Xuan, a writer in the Western Jin Dynasty, commented: Binbin's words are the same as his poems. He is polite to the monarch and servants, arguing about right and wrong, avoiding harm and retreating, aiming at floating clouds.
Zuo Fen, a poetess in the Western Jin Dynasty, praised her as a class girl, respectful and modest, eloquent and hypocritical, and was named Fan Yu.
Like Fu Xuan and Zuo Fen, there are countless literary masters who have praised Ban Jieyu, because Ban Jieyu is far more than one word in their minds. She is both talented and beautiful. What dazzles future generations most is her famous literary works, such as lamenting songs, mourning poems and smashing poems.