What plants are used to compare drama?

China opera has always been a combination of poetry, painting and drama. As far as the relationship between "drama" and "painting" is concerned, there is a painting in the drama and a play in the painting. We might as well use a poem by Zheng Banqiao to compare the painting meaning of Chinese opera: "Delete the complexity and simplify the Sanqiu tree, and introduce a new February flower." The artistic significance of China's traditional drama is indirectly expressed by arousing the imagination of the appreciator through poetic language. Traditional Chinese opera is a "drama poem", which is a play written in poetry. The harmony between poetry and drama is like the perfect combination of painting and drama. Poetry in traditional operas, especially in classical operas, is different from that in operas or musicals, and poetry in traditional operas is more picturesque. There are paintings in poems and poems in paintings, which are the distinctive features of ancient Chinese poetry. For example, in the poems of Wang Wei, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, Su Shi once commented: "There are poems in the paintings; There are paintings in poetry. " Su Shi added: "Ancient painters were not laymen, and the scenery here belonged to poets." One sentence fully illustrates the integration of poetry and painting. Poems in traditional Chinese opera are mainly lyrics. Although it is not an independent poem, it is often as poetic as Wang Wei's poems. For example, the well-known lyrics in The West Chamber say: "The blue sky and yellow flowers, the west wind is tight, the wild geese fly north and south, and whoever is drunk in the frost forest at dawn always makes people cry." Close your eyes and imagine that this is a profound and colorful autumn color map. Lyrics with a strong sense of painting like this can be found in many operas. The artistic significance of traditional Chinese opera is presented indirectly and directly through the actor's performance and the imagination or intuition of the appreciator. For example, Qiu Jiang, a Sichuan opera, gives the audience a beautiful picture of a boat through virtual and vivid performances such as boarding, punting, rowing, breaking waves and flying boats. The old ferryman's ruddy hair and a blue shirt are in sharp contrast with Chen Miaochang's green hair powder and gorgeous skirt, which set each other off like a pleasing white-haired beauty boat painting. No wonder "Qiu Jiang" starring Ye He "stunned delegates from all countries" in Bucharest. In addition to the wonderful virtual performance, wonderful costumes and makeup, and the rich artistic connotation of the performance, is it a great beauty of their "shock"? Another example is Mei Lanfang's "Drunk Imperial concubine", in which the performance of "smelling flowers" vividly smells a beautiful picture of flowers and the moon. As for the "Eighteen Gifts" in butterfly lovers, it is more like a group of beautiful films with a camera, like a flowing long scroll landscape painting, which is really picturesque and strolling in the painting. The artistic significance of China's traditional drama is directly presented through the stage art, which attracts the audience's vision. First of all, the stage scenery, as an important part of the beautiful stage picture and artistic conception of the opera from beginning to end, gives the audience beautiful enjoyment. Most of the traditional Chinese opera sets are freehand brushwork. Those freehand brushwork sets that are far away and close to reality, or clear water with smoke, are close to Liu Chengxing; Or the desert is lonely and the sun is like blood; Or clear Wan Li, yellow flowers everywhere; Or the moonlight is hazy, and the bamboo in the forest is pleasing to the eye. Even the decorative scenery, plum blossoms, bamboo chrysanthemums, pine cranes and magpies are very pleasing to the eye. Secondly, the actor's clothing, makeup, facial makeup, and more directly take the actor as the material, and draw him into a picture-like character, some like a picture of a lady, some like a scholar, some like a fairy picture, some like a cartoon, and some like a cartoon. Dazzling, colorful, both in form and spirit, beautiful. The combination of "drama" and "painting" adds three points of spring scenery to traditional Chinese opera. Some painters and opera performers with keen artistic vision can see or taste the unique aesthetic feeling formed by the blending of drama and painting at a glance. Even the galleries have unique "opera paintings", such as the great painter Li Keran, who is the master of opera paintings. His play "The Picture of Zhong Kui Sending a Girl" is quite wonderful, which is called "implicit", that is, accurate and vivid. The two characters in Zhong Kui's Marrying a Sister are different in form and spirit: one is black and ugly, the other is handsome, the other is tall and clumsy, and the other is petite and intelligent, with sharp contrast, which is really a "good painting". This "good painting" is more vivid and vivid under Li Keran's wonderful workmanship. Because there is a picture in the play, and there is a play in the picture. Therefore, if an opera performing artist has the qualities of a painter, his plays must be good, rich in paintings and high in taste. Mei Lanfang's plays are elegant and delicate, which is related to his painting to cultivate temperament. The new Ju Ping is fresh and refined because of her paintings. Yu Zhenfei, a great Peking Opera master, is famous for his "bookish" dramas. His gestures are as graceful and graceful as ink painting and oil painting. Then, where did the "bookishness" and "picture sense" in his performance come from? It turned out that he was influenced by his father since childhood. From the age of six, he copied the Han tablet and Wei Bei. At the age of fourteen, he studied painting with Lu Lianfu, so he was an amateur painter. Perhaps his paintings are not famous, but the meaning and environment of his paintings may be more valuable to him than his paintings themselves. Acting with the artist's quality and temperament, can his play be less picturesque and bookish? It is said that one of the reasons why he starred in the Palace of Eternal Life and Too White to Be Drunk is that he not only tasted many ancient poems, but also pondered many Chinese paintings before acting. Kung fu outside the play is used in the play, reaching the wonderful realm of painting in the play and painting in the play. Supplement: Why is traditional Chinese opera also called Liyuan? Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty (Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty) was a romantic emperor who loved music, dance, opera and other arts. He keeps thousands of geisha and maiko in the palace. In the forbidden garden of the palace, there is a big garden with more than 100 pear trees, which is called "Pear Garden", but it is not a simple orchard. There are palaces, wine kiosks, stadiums and other luxury facilities in the pear garden, which is a place for the royal family and dignitaries to entertain. Tang concentrated all these people in the "pear garden" to practice singing, dancing and drama, for the entertainment of court banquets and for the entertainment of Tang weekdays. He also personally served as Cui Gong of the "Liyuan" (equivalent to the current principal). This "pear garden" is the largest actor training place in history. In addition to inviting special people to teach, we also invited famous literati at that time to compile programs for them, such as Li Bai and He, famous poets in the Tang Dynasty, who all wrote programs for Liyuan. It has become a famous practice place integrating singing, dancing and drama in history. Therefore, people who have been trained in performing arts in the place of "Liyuan" are called "Liyuan Tour". Those who have studied here are all called "Liyuan disciples". Peking Opera originated in the place of "Liyuan", so the name "Liyuan" was used, which was passed down from generation to generation, saying that the opera circle was called "Liyuan boundary" and the industry was called "Liyuan line". Opera actors are "Liyuan disciples", and the family that has been engaged in this cause for several generations is the "Liyuan family". Supplement: Traditional Chinese opera is also called theater, which is generally referred to as theater. According to legend, there was a woman named Chrysanthemum in Song Gaozong Palace, who was good at singing and dancing and had beautiful tunes. The palace was named "Jutou", hence the name "Jutou". In the Song Dynasty, the head of kabuki class in the court was called "the head of Chrysanthemum Department". Many scholars and dramatists are also used to calling the music scene "Chrysanthemum Altar". For example, Old Records of Chrysanthemum Altar written by Mr. Ding Bingsui and Flower Appreciation of Chrysanthemum Department written by Liu Dongsheng are all works about pear orchards. 192 1 year, when Yi Sushe went to Wuhan to perform, when the press commented on the vulgarity of actor Serina Liu, he said: "There are extraordinary talents, European and American styles, the chrysanthemum department will win in the future, and the pear garden will be outstanding. Ou Yangyuqian and Mei Lanfang have high hopes." The significance of "chrysanthemum altar" can be seen from this. Follow-up: Cactus is used as a metaphor for literature, but what is used as a metaphor for drama? Literary criticism, for example, is probably like a cactus flower, which is horribly high, with more thorns and fewer flowers, but it suddenly rises like a thunder. Answer: If there is any plant that can be called dramatic art, it is probably epiphyllum. It is a complete art of time, and the silk screen moves every second when it opens and closes. It strictly abides by the "three unifications" of classical drama-for a moment, for a place and for an event. It is not the petals that occasionally turn white overnight, nor the thin core that occasionally smells fragrant, but it is almost audible.