The reason why Du Fu's "Jiangnan Meets Li Gui Nian" is known as the most outstanding work among the seven unique works is due to many reasons. Today we will mainly talk about two aspects: 1. Du Fu's poem Rhythmically speaking, Lu Jue can be regarded as a model of Qi Jue's creation; 2 is the background and practical significance of this poem, which also has important guiding significance for later works with similar themes. Below is a brief explanation of these two points.
First, we know that Qijue in modern poetry pays attention to rhythm, and there are also four types of Qijue. This poem originally used the format of the first sentence of Pingqi without rhyme, that is:
Ping Ping Zhi Zhi Ping Zhi Ping Zhi, Zhi Zhi Ping Ping Zhi Zhi Ping.
廄廄平平廄仄, 平平任仄仄平平.
The bold characters are either flat or oblique, that is to say, whether the characters there are flat or oblique, they belong to the regular pattern of the law. However, Du Fu used another format in the third sentence: 廄廄平廄平廄. This is a type of variation that has been verified and is allowed to be used in the test poems of the Tang Dynasty. Once this type of variation became Common sentence patterns have become regular patterns. In this way, the common situation of this poem is actually as follows:
It is common in King Qi's house, and Cui Jiutang heard it several times before.
It is the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, and we meet you again when the flowers are falling.
Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping.
廄廄平廄平廄, 廄平平仄仄平平.
The reason why Du Fu chose the format of the first sentence without rhyme instead of the first sentence with rhyme is because he considered that the first couplet also needs to be antithetical, and at the same time he must meet the requirement of the whole poem to be consistent. Require. You know, because there are only 4 sentences in a quatrain, there is no rigid requirement to use antithesis. We have seen that Du Fu often uses antithesis in his quatrains, and even uses antithesis in both couplets. Of course, the situation of two alliances fighting against each other is not very desirable.
These metrical rules are relatively easy to understand today. In fact, these rules were just the creative skills of poets at first. It was not until the prosperous Tang Dynasty that the metrical rules gradually became stricter, but there are still some Situations that do not meet legal requirements and are inconsistent with each other occur. Therefore, this poem has important template significance in the metrical rules of later modern poetry.
Second, speaking of the background of this poem, Du Fu wrote this poem in the 5th year of Emperor Daizong’s reign. In other words, it was Du Fu’s last trip in his life, when he arrived in Tanzhou. At that time, I met my old friend Li Guinian here. Li Guinian was once a famous musician during the Kaiyuan period. We can see from the poem that royal children like King Qi, as well as Jingzhao wealthy family Webster, often invited Li Guinian to sing, which shows his popularity at that time. degree.
Du Fu was also in Kyoto during the Kaiyuan period. Because of his talent, he was also treated favorably by princes, ministers and wealthy families in Beijing. Therefore, Du Fu often served as a guest in the mansions of Prince Qi or Jingzhao, so it was natural for him to meet the musician Li Guinian and become friends.
Needless to say, Du Fu’s experience later, and Li Guinian, as a musician who was very popular with Xuanzong, stayed in Kyoto. Unexpectedly, the Anshi Rebellion broke out, and Li Guinian went through many hardships and lived in the south of the Yangtze River, hastily and It is conceivable that he was depressed, but at this time, Du Fu, who was also depressed but always cared about the country, reunited with this musician who was once famous in Kyoto in Jiangnan, and it was indescribable to express his sadness.
Du Fu, who had gone through many ups and downs, did not put these emotions in his poem. He only talked about the intersection between the two people decades ago in the previous couplet, and then talked about the reunion of the two people in Jiangnan in the next couplet. As for the sentimentality of reunion, it only falls on the four words "the season of falling flowers", which makes people full of emotions.
Both of them once had a happy life in Chang'an, but now they have changed. Li Guinian and Xuanzong are separated, and they will never be able to go back to their past. Du Fu can't help but want to return to Kyoto to serve. The imperial court's original intention was to go to the south of the Yangtze River and then to Kyoto. In the end, the two people met each other when their lives were about to end and they were at their lowest.
To sum up, this poem "The Year of Li Gui in the South of the Yangtze River" can be called the most outstanding work of the Qijue series. The most obvious reason is, first of all, the use of the rhythm of modern poetry in this poem, including The use of antithetical techniques in quatrains can be regarded as a textbook example; in addition, it is not difficult to find the sentimentality hidden behind the plain sentences in this poem. The poet does not mention the bitterness of the two people's situation, but has already made them feel sad. People understand that the two people's desolation after the Anshi Rebellion, as well as the self-evident scholar-officials' desire to serve the country, have important guiding significance for the creation of later generations of scholars, and it is well deserved to be the masterpiece of Qijue.