It refers to the poetic style of Cao Shi's father and son, Jian 'an Seven Sons and others in the Han and Wei Dynasties.
Jian 'an period at the end of Han Dynasty? San Cao (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) and Qi Zi (Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy, Serina Liu) inherited the realistic tradition of Han Yuefu folk songs, and generally adopted the five-character style, which was famous for its vigorous character and generous and sad masculinity, forming a "Jian 'an style" in the history of literature. No matter "Cao Shi and his son" or "Jian 'an seven sons", they all lived in the land of Heluo for a long time, and this handsome and vigorous style is closely related to Heluo culture.
The word "character" was first widely used in the character comments of Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties, and was later quoted in the theory of calligraphy and painting and literary criticism. Regarding literary criticism, Feng Gu, written by Liu Xie in the Southern Tang Dynasty, is the most accurate: "When you express your ambition, you must start from the wind; Thoughtful words, not before bones. So think of words as bones, such as the skeleton of the body; Love contains wind, and it is still shaped by gas. When the words are straight, the bones become awkward; When the spirit is cool, the style of writing is born. " It means that straight words combined with handsome spirit form a "character" with strong style and strong artistic appeal. Wind is the vitality and internal appeal of an article, while bone refers to the expressive force of an article.
The last title of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty was "Jian 'an" (A.D. 196 ~ 220), and the Jian 'an period in literary history refers to the period from Jian 'an to Wei Chu. The writers of this era gradually got rid of the shackles of Confucianism and paid attention to the lyricism of their works. In addition, at that time, in the turbulent era of war, their thoughts and feelings were often more passionate. They created a large number of excellent literary works, which formed the characteristics of rich content and rich feelings in literary works, that is, people often say "Jian 'an style".
Literary works in Jian 'an period, especially poems, are the most prominent. Jian 'an Poetry is developed on the basis of the Han Yuefu and Ancient Poems, and these works show the spirit of the times. "Cao Shi and his son" are the leading figures in Jian 'an literary world, and Cao Cao's poems are deep, generous and vigorous. Cao Pi gets along well with the scribes. When Wang Shen died, he led all the scribes to the funeral and said, "Wang Shen liked to listen to donkeys before his death, so we all asked him to see him off." So a donkey barked at the grave. Cao Zhi's literary achievements are the highest. He is brilliant in literary talent, gorgeous in rhetoric and good at using metaphors. Therefore, he has an artistic style of "extremely high personality and adopting Chinese words". His "Ode to the Goddess of Luo" is a masterpiece through the ages, which depicts the peerless beauty and innocent image in the Ode to the Goddess of Luo with refined language and sincere feelings. Among the "Seven Scholars", Wang Shen has the highest achievement, and his masterpiece Seven Wounded Poems is a true portrayal of the war and turmoil in the late Han Dynasty.
The brilliant achievements of Jian 'an literature had a far-reaching impact on the later development of literature and art. Liu Xie and Zhong Rong of Southern Tang Dynasty praised the writing style of Jian 'an period many times. Tang Chenziang praised the "Han and Wei style", and Li Baiyou's poem "The bone of a great writer is your brush, in the school of heaven"; Contemporary Mr. Lu Xun praised: Jian 'an is an era of literary consciousness. From this time on, people began to realize that literature has its own value and independent status. Cao Pi's Canon is the earliest extant literary criticism paper and a symbol of literary consciousness in Jian 'an era. Ge Yanxing by Cao Pi is the earliest existing pure seven-character poem.