First of all, we can see Chai Dai's different interests and pursuits from The Grand View Garden Fu.
Xue Baochai wrote "Ninghui Zhong Rui": "The Fangyuan Garden is built in the west of the imperial city, and the Chinese auspicious clouds cover the wonders. When repairing the hairpin, I like to move Yingying out of the valley and wait for Feng's arrival. The style of writing is late, and filial piety should be saved. Rui Zao Cai Xian was full of colored pens and was too ashamed to quit again. " The first four sentences praise Yuan Fei by praising the Grand View Garden. At the beginning of the poem, Yuan Fei used the first two words of the last sentence "Fiona Fang wants to give a name to the Grand View Garden" written by Yuan Fei. Waiting for Feng Xiuchai is a connecting link. Comparing the return of Yuan Fei to the arrival of Phoenix not only praised the Grand View Garden, but also praised Yuan Fei. The next two sentences are direct praise to the saints, indicating that the return of Princess Yuan has enriched the atmosphere of the poems in the Grand View Garden and made the education of filial piety more prosperous. Finally, the method of self-mockery indirectly shows that Yuan Fei's writing style is extraordinary and incomparable. Xue Baochai heaped up a lot of eulogies in his poems, deliberately whitewashing the solemn atmosphere and the feeling of fear. "The style of writing is late, and filial piety should return to the province" is her self-expression of soaking feudal orthodoxy and choosing "talent" wholeheartedly. It can be seen that her poems are modeled after those famous articles in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and for her, they are entirely heartfelt praises and promote the wind of filial piety.
On the other hand, Lin Daiyu wrote "Fairy Source Outside" and "Apricot Curtain in Sight" on the surface, but the scenery description in the poems is elegant and refined, and the style is fresh and natural, without affectation. First look at "The Fairy Source in the Outside World": "Where is the famous garden built? Wonderland is different from the world of mortals. Add new scenery with beautiful mountains and rivers. Xiangrong Jingu wine, Huamei Yutang people. He Xing invites pets, and the palace car is diligent! " On the surface, the poem says that the Grand View Garden is built in a fairyland, but in fact it means that the Grand View Garden is as pure as a fairyland and there is no dispute in the world. Look at the apricot curtain in the eye: "The apricot curtain attracts guests to drink, and there is a villa in the eye. Lingbi Goose Water, Sang Yu Yanziliang. A bed of spring leeks is green, and ten miles of rice flowers are fragrant. There is no hunger in the prosperous times, so why bother farming? " The apricot curtain for inviting guests, the villa in front of us, the wild geese roaming freely in the diamond, the swallows nestled in the Sang Yu on blind date, and the green and pleasing spring? Ten miles of pure and intoxicating rice fragrance, people are not hungry, hungry, cold and tired, but they have the pleasure of eating and drinking. This is indeed a sacred place in feudal times and an ideal fairyland in the world of mortals. This is obviously "the rain cuts the spring at night?" , the new kitchen tube "Duchenne. It is more intimate than Wang Meng's pastoral poems and more realistic than Tao Qian's. This is a strange idea she had in the Grand View Garden, and it is also her dependence on the ideal world of love. Lin Daiyu focuses on the scenery of the Grand View Garden, cleverly avoiding the trite praise of the saints. To some extent, this reflects her psychological state of hating darkness and despising kitsch.
From these two poems, we can easily see that Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu are feudal guardians who pay attention to modesty and elegance, and they are feudal rebels who pursue elegance and refinement.
Second, look at the different temperament of Chai Dai from the poetry.
In A Dream of Red Mansions, many sisters and sisters in the Grand View Garden often discuss and write poems, among which the scenes describing Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu should be the most vivid. A large number of object-chanting poems reflect their different ideological characters.
Let's take a look at these two people's works on the same theme in Chapter 37: Ode to Bai Hai Tang. What Xue Baochai wrote was: "Xi Fangzi hid the door every day and joined hands with the urn to fill the moss basin. Rouge washes away the shadow of the autumn platform, and ice and snow absorb the soul. Only when you are weak can you know that flowers are more colorful, but when you are sad, you can get jade without trace. If you want to pay for Bai Di, you should be clean. If you don't say Tingting, you will be dizzy. " Look at Daiyu again: "Half-rolled curtains cover the door, ice is ground into earth, and jade is used as a basin. Steal a pear for three cents and borrow a plum blossom for a soul. The moon cave fairy sews robes, and the woman who always wipes crow marks in my heart in autumn. Who is shy and silent? I'm tired of leaning against the west wind night. " Xue Baochai's songs are a reflection of herself. "On a good day, Fang Zi covered the door and filled the moss basin hand in hand with the urn." The image of a feudal lady influenced by patriarchal ethics and dignified manners is vividly on the paper. The poem says that Bai Haitang's charming appearance is particularly pleasing, so she waters it herself behind closed doors during the day. This highlights the beauty of Bai Haitang through the owner's cherished feelings. The following two sentences are metaphors. Implicitly and euphemistically describe the beauty of Bai Haitang after watering, just like a beautiful woman who has just washed away rouge, casting a graceful and beautiful figure on the steps of autumn, glistening is like attracting ice and snow as its soul on the steps of dew. This sentence is written outside and inside, reflecting each other. The next two sentences use anthropomorphic rhetoric to praise its beautiful figure. Only when it is light to the extreme can we know that the white begonia flower is beautiful. A flower with dew is like a sad beauty with tears on her face. The last two sentences continue to use anthropomorphic rhetoric to point out Bai Haitang's character. In order to reward the white emperor god who presided over the autumn event, he wanted to be "clean". This is a true portrayal of Baochai's character, which shows her quiet and honest ideological character at all times.
In contrast, Lin Daiyu's poems are another kind of emotion. At the beginning of the poem, the basic idea of the whole poem is hard ice and white jade, which is not bound by the feudal style of "being gentle, respectful and frugal" and is in sharp contrast with Xue Baochai's posturing. "Stealing a pear core and borrowing a plum blossom soul" shows her pure quality like pear flower, which is not polluted by ethical codes; At the same time, like plum blossom, under the threat of "wind knife and frost sword", it stands tall. Those few words are the true expression of her contempt for vulgarity and loneliness.
Thirdly, Daiyu's tragic fate is different from Baochai's, as can be seen from Burying Flowers.
In a poem "Burying Flowers", Lin Daiyu cried like a dissatisfied housewife with blood and tears as ink. "willow is beautiful, regardless of peach, plum and fly", which reflects the resentment against the cold world and the attachment to human feelings. "360 days a year, the wind, the sword and the frost press each other hard" is an indictment of the ruthless reality of persecuting her for a long time. "It is better to lead an honest and clean life than to be trapped in a ditch", which shows her noble and loyal feelings. "May the slaves grow wings under their ribs and fly to the end of the sky with flowers" is full of longing and enthusiastic pursuit of a beautiful ideal. "After all, where is Xiangshan? If you don't have a trick, you will get a beautiful bone. " Hidden feelings in pure land is an aloof character who is unwilling to be humiliated and defiled, and unwilling to bow his head and yield when the freedom and happiness of fantasy are not available. The man who buried the flowers today laughed. Who did he know who it was? Just watch the spring flowers gradually fall, it is the time when the beauty dies of old age; There is no elegy for me, and I don't know if the flowers fall and people die! "It indicates the tragic fate of Daiyu." Burying Flowers is the masterpiece of all the lamentations of Lin Daiyu's life experience and tragic fate, and it is also an important work to show her personality characteristics. Through the creation of Song of Burying Flowers, Lin Daiyu expressed her feelings incisively and vividly, showing us her spiritual world full of pain, contradiction, loftiness and untiring death.
Another value of this poem is that it provides important clues for us to explore the tragedy of Baodai in Cao Xueqin's works. This is consistent with the basic style of Daiyu's other two works, Peach Blossom Walk and Autumn Window Stormy Evening, and both of them contain poetic elements to varying degrees. Among them, burying flowers is the general symbol of Baodai's love tragedy. After the autumn window bid farewell to Baodai, the mood in Daiyu's situational poem "Sorrow in vain" was even more miserable. Twenty poems with fifteen autumn words vividly express Daiyu's sadness in foreseeing a bleak future.
(Editor Zhang Jingya)