"When I was young, I knew that the world was difficult, and the Central Plains looked like a mountain." Recall his early ambitions and patriotic enthusiasm. It not only laments the apathy of the world, but also reveals the heroic spirit of resisting national rejuvenation that year. When the author was young, he made a great wish to "get on the horse and attack the crazy Hu, get off the horse and write a book" After Xiaozong ascended the throne, Lu You gave him some suggestions on building the capital, preparing for war and innovating politics, which made the main battle atmosphere of the imperial court very strong. In the spring of the second year of Longxing, Lu You actively supported the patriotic general Zhang Jun's northern expedition, and the battle of Lifu was defeated. The peaceful forces in the DPRK intensified, Zhang Jun was dismissed, Lu You was also implicated, and he was relieved of his official position. After walking on the road for eight years, Lu You went to Nanzheng and became an official and prosecutor under the protection of Fu Xuan Ambassador Wang Yan. More than eight months in the army is the most precious time in his life at the front. Dressed in military uniform, he galloped in high spirits on the northwest national defense front. He inspected the situation of mountains and rivers, people's feelings and customs in Nanzheng area, and formed his strategic thought of "taking Guanzhong as the root" ("southern tour"), actively attacking Wang, but the Southern Song Dynasty court could not tolerate his activities of planning the Northern Expedition. Finally, Wang Yan was recalled by the imperial court, and the shogunate was dispersed. Lu You's idea of earnestly recovering the Central Plains came to nothing. His heart is very disappointed and depressed, but his patriotic enthusiasm has not diminished.
"The ship is snowing in Guazhou at night, and the iron horse is scattered in the autumn wind." In two sentences, when the author was at the front line of Zhenjiang, he saw Song Jun's tall warships at Guazhou Ferry on a snowy night. Nanzheng front line, take the autumn wind, cross the iron horse and rush to Dasanguan Road. These are two unforgettable battles against nomads from the land. Guazhoudu is located in Guazhou Town, south of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. This matter refers to Song Xiaozong Longxing two years, Lu You was appointed as the judge of Zhenjiang, surrendered to Zhang Jun, and prepared for the Northern Expedition. The "Big Three Pass" was in the southwest of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, which was the border of Song and Jin Dynasties. This incident refers to eight years on the main road of Song Xiaozong. Lu You, Wang Yan's aide, intends to restore the Central Plains, lead the army across the Weihe River, and ride directly to the front line of Dasanguan to fight against the Jin people. The author uses the method of scene arrangement, using six nouns in two sentences, succinctly but skillfully writing out the fighting situation and the author's mood of resisting gold and killing the enemy. The army of the Song Dynasty once defeated the nomads from Guazhoudu in the southeast and Dasanguan in the northwest, one winter and one autumn! One is the battle between soldiers and ships, and the other is the confrontation between horses and chariots. The author is describing his happy life in his early years, showing his great ambition to resist national rejuvenation.
"The Great Wall is empty, and the decline in the mirror has started." The years are not alive, the prime of life is over, the ambition is not paid, and the temples are spotted first. This is lamented day and night by poets who have dedicated themselves to their country. Lu You is not only a poet, but also a conceited strategist. It's a pity that I don't have a layer of excellent talent in my life. "Don't treat a scholar lightly, and you can hit a thief when you get on the horse" ("Yelling"), and "Wan Li's heart is lifelong, holding the predecessor of Zhou Wang" ("Reading the Art of War at Night") is his eternal wish. In the sentence "On the Great Wall", the poet borrowed Tan Daoji, a famous poet of Liu and Song Dynasties, to express his ambition. This shows that when it was young, it was magnificent, defending the country, and it was sharp-edged. Nowadays, however, the poet's unfulfilled ambition is all tied to the word "emptiness". Ambition failed, struggle failed, everything failed, but looking at myself in the mirror was the first spot to decline, and my head was smashed. Compared with each other, they are full of sadness. This ending is not the disappointment of the poet, nor the poet's failure to try his best, but the misunderstanding of the villain and the grinding of the world. The author has a heart, but God won't. Sorrow is depression and anger.
"The teachers are all real names, who is better than a thousand years!" Tail couplet also uses code to clarify the will. Zhuge insisted on the Northern Expedition. Although he is a "true teacher", he is famous all over the world. "No one is as good as Millennium". After thousands of years, no one can compare with it Obviously, the poet's code deliberately belittles the mediocre villain in charge of the ruling and opposition parties, indicating that his ambition to restore the Central Plains will also be "famous in the world". The poet can't find comfort in reality, so he has to put his soul longing for comfort in the future, which is naturally helpless. The poet has to pour out his frustration when he is depressed. Through Zhuge Liang's allusions, I pursue the achievements of the sages, indicating that my patriotic enthusiasm will never change, and I am eager to emulate Zhuge Liang and display my ambitions. Looking back at the whole poem, we can see that every sentence is full of gas, and every word is full of gas. Poetry is full of anger.
In addition to the clever use of allusions, the whole poem also makes a clever comparison. One is the contrast between ideal and reality. I hope everyone can unite to resist the nomadic people, but the reality is that they are excluded from continuing the war of resistance, and the desire to restore the Central Plains cannot be realized. The second is the contrast between his early image and his later image. In his early years, he was "looking at the mountain in the north of the Central Plains", and in his later years, he was "the first spot in the mirror", indicating that he wanted to kill the enemy and serve the country, but he was repeatedly excluded. In the three places, Zhuge Liang's generous Northern Expedition was not resisted by the compromise of the Southern Song Dynasty court, and the ancient times were used as a mirror to distinguish between praise and criticism. The whole poem is full of gloomy feelings and profound charm, which is obviously the credit of Lu You. These poems are all from his personal experience, full of his political life feelings, which are incomparable to those works that show their abilities and seaweed.