Reading methods of four famous classics 1 With the gradual deepening of curriculum reform, the examination of famous books has been regarded as one of the important proposition forms of Chinese senior high school entrance examinations all over the country, achieving a win-win situation for reading and examination. "Reading masterpieces" has indeed become a "big meal" for middle school students, but it is unrealistic to spend a lot of time learning all the original works because of the heavy learning tasks and tight time in middle school. The most effective way to put the reading of famous books into practice is to link the reading of famous books with test sites and read them in a targeted way, which highlights the win-win situation of accumulating culture and coping with exams.
1, familiar with the opening words in famous works and important poems.
There are many poems that have been passed down through the ages in the four classical masterpieces, and these poems often become the carrier of the proposition of the senior high school entrance examination.
In 2003, the senior high school entrance examination questions in Ezhou and Jilin took the poems in A Dream of Red Mansions as the topic, and examined the relevant figures or titles, focusing on guiding students to accumulate more in their usual reading.
In view of this, we should focus on memorizing the opening words and important poems of The Romance of Three Kingdoms in the reading of famous works. The open-book poems in A Dream of Red Mansions (that is, "full of absurd words, a bitter tear ... who can understand Chinese flavor") and poems about important figures such as Baoyu, Daiyu and Wang Xifeng.
For example, in Heilongjiang Province, the test questions in the senior high school entrance examination are titled "Don't go from the tiger's den for the time being, tell the shocking story of the hero". Cleverly covering up the thunder, improvising and believing like a god "into the topic, examine the name of the story involved in this poem." "
Secondly, we should classify the poems about these famous books in class, contact them internally and externally, and understand and remember them. Such as: Cao Cao's "Although Returning to Life" and "Short Songs"; Cao Zhi's seven-step poem; Zhuge Liang's model; Chen Shou's Longzhong Dui; Wei Wu met with the Xiongnu ambassador in Shi Shuo Xin Yu; "Luti governs the boxing town of Kansai"; Gourd monk sentenced gourd case, etc.
After mastering these texts, we should be able to skillfully communicate inside and outside the class, and draw inferences in due course to cope with the comprehensive test of these texts by the proposer as a bridge with the original works.
2, familiar with the main plot, recall the head or outline of the masterpiece.
In recent years, the focus of the famous articles in the senior high school entrance examination is clear reading. For example, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there are three aspects: cooking wine to talk about heroes, paying attention to thatched cottage, talking about Taoism with Confucianism, capturing Meng Huo seven times, accidentally losing Jingzhou, scraping bones to cure poison, and Zhou Yu's three qi. In "Water Margin", Lin played a temple on a snowy mountain, a flower monk hanging upside down and pulling willows, Sanda in Zhujiazhuang, fighting tigers in Wusong, and outwitting the birth class. In a Dream of Red Mansions, Granny Liu entered the Grand View Garden, Daiyu buried flowers, and Baoyu was beaten. Women and children are well-known for the Journey to the West, such as Nao Tiangong, Nao Wucun, True and False Monkey King, Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon, and Borrowing a Banana Fan, etc. When reading famous books, we should focus on reading them, and the relevant figures should be able to sit in the right place. Don't be arrogant. Teacher's Note "Achieving a Win-Win between Reading and Examination —— On Four Great Classical Novels's Reading Methods".
In addition, the wedge in A Dream of Red Mansions (a hard rock abandoned by Nu Wa on the barren hills and cliffs and brought into the world of mortals by the general public) is very similar to the wedge in Water Margin, and the wedge in A Dream of Red Mansions is easily misunderstood as the birth of the stone monkey in The Journey to the West. Therefore, when reading four classic novels, we should do this well.
3. Be familiar with the characters, roles, nicknames and typical languages in famous works.
It is also a hot topic to study the characters, nicknames or typical languages in famous works.
When reading famous books, we should pay more attention to the characters, taste the characters and evaluate the characters, that is, if we grasp the characters, we will grasp the key to the famous books. When reading, list the protagonists or main characters in the notebook and summarize their personality characteristics.
For example, in the Romance of March 4th, Liu Bei's image of a wise king is honest in the world, tolerant and caring for the people; Cao Cao's treacherous image is cruel and harmful; The sage image of Zhuge Liang's old incarnation; Guan Yu's loyal image as a feudal hero; Zhang Fei's hatred of evil, straightforward personality and so on.
Song Jiang (Timely Rain) in Water Margin is resourceful, decisive, rebellious and compromising. Lu (Flower Monk) is an upright, fearless and brave hero; Lin Chong (the leopard head) threw himself into Liangshan, and then became smart, bold and fierce. Song Wu (Walker) is a symbol of strength, courage and justice; Li Kui jy (Black Cyclone) is simple, rude, rebellious and sympathetic.
The rebellious thoughts of Baoyu and Daiyu in A Dream of Red Mansions: Wang Xifeng is sinister, vicious, greedy and hypocritical, and has the image of pepper.
Rebels and rebel images of the Monkey King in The Journey to the West: Zhu Bajie is simple and honest, gluttonous and sleepy, funny and absurd, and brave in fighting; The image of the kind and pious ascetic monk of Tang Priest. Of course, the personalities of these key figures should be related to their wonderful stories and be familiar with their typical languages. For example, at the "Chrysanthemum Festival", Song Jiang wrote the word "Manjianghong", which was sung by Yue He. When he sang "I hope the heavenly king will send a letter to woo you as soon as possible", who opened his eyes and shouted "Woo-woo, woo-woo, woo-woo?" (Li Kui jy).
In short, there are many characters in famous books, so you should make sense when reading them, so that you can not only analyze the characters' personalities, but also connect the relevant plots into a line.
Four Great Classical Novels's reading method II. First, read through. We can get a general idea of the relationship between the stories and characters in these works. Reading with interest can deepen the understanding and knowledge of the works.
The second intensive reading. We can gradually understand the author's ideas, stories and artistic styles. The artistic styles of the four classical novels are different, and they all have unique language arts.
The third historical and cultural background. The background of the times, the folk customs, politics and economy at that time can be read and thought carefully. For example, A Dream of Red Mansions is an encyclopedia about ancient feudal society.
Fourth, you can extract some classic sentences. We can extract some of these sentences at any time to facilitate our memory and understanding.
Fifth, poetry appreciation. In classical masterpieces, almost every chapter can see the poems and songs carefully conceived by the author. Some of them are related to the theme. Many of these poems are created by the authors themselves, such as the lyric art of Fu in A Dream of Red Mansions.