Tang Du Fu [? Don Dao f incarnation]
Most of the people crying on the battlefield are the ghosts of the newly killed soldiers, only the old people who are sad to write poems. [? zhàn küxn guǐ]，[chóu yín dúlǎo wüng].
At dusk, suddenly snowflakes are dancing in the wind. [? LUN yún débáo mü]，[jíXuíwǔHuífng].
The gourd is discarded, the wine vessel has no wine, and the stove is red. [? Pio chin wo lǔ.
The news of the front-line battle and the news of his wife and sisters are unknown. Sadness sits in the air with his hands in the air. [? This is a good example.
Pile of Snow is a five-character poem written by Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem was written during the "An Shi Rebellion". When the poet Du Fu was detained by the rebels, he heard about the new defeat of the Tang army, worried about the snow all over the sky, felt the biting chill, and was deeply worried about the fate of the country and relatives but unable to concentrate.
About the author:
Du fu (7 12 ~ 770), with beautiful words, tried to call himself "Shaoling night old". Take Jinshi as an example. He used to be a foreign minister in the school department, so he was called Du Gongbu internationally. He is the greatest realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is known as the "poet saint" after the Song Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. His poems boldly exposed the social contradictions at that time and expressed deep sympathy for the poor people. Many excellent works show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, which is called "the history of poetry". In art, he is good at using various forms of poetry, especially rhythmic poetry; Various styles, mainly depression; Refined language with high expressive force. There are more than 1400 poems, including Du Gongbu Collection.
Original works:
To the snow
During the war, many new ghosts were crying (1), and the old man was sad alone (2).
The clouds are low and the snow dance returns (3).
There is no green in the ladle, and the fire in the furnace is like red.
News from several States has been cut off, and books are empty. [ 1-2]?
Annotation translation
1. Comments on words
(1) Crying in battle: refers to soldiers crying on the battlefield. New ghost: the ghost of a soldier who just died. Zuo Wenzhu's Two Years of Angong: "I think the new ghost is big, so the ghost is small."
⑵ worry: worry. Tang Xueneng's poem "Writing in the West County": "From then on, I gradually realized that the situation was different, and Jindu looked back and sang."
(3) Cyclone. "Nine Chapters of Chu Ci: Sad Return Air": "Sad return air shakes, and the heart is wronged and internal injuries."
(4) Gourd, called gourd in ancient poetry, is usually used to hold tea and wine. Abandon: Be a "get". Zun: Also known as Zun, it is shaped like a pot with a big mouth and a wine container. In the sentence, the word wine is replaced by the green color of wine.
5. Sit in sadness: Sit quietly with sadness. Tang Li Bai's poem "Appreciating Cui Wulang": "How can you sit alone with a good painting?" Book Empty: This is the allusion of A Jin Yin Hao, which means that he felt sad and bored, so he drew words in the air with his hands. Li Gongzuo's Biography of Xie Xiaoe in the Tang Dynasty: "I'll ask you to write it down on paper. It is based on the empty book Zen meditation. "
2. Vernacular translation:
Most of the people crying on the battlefield are the ghosts of soldiers who have just died, and only the old man sings poems sadly.
Clouds hang low in the dusk, and falling snowflakes are dancing and spinning in the wind.
The gourd was discarded, there was no wine in the wine container, and the embers in the stove seemed to glow red in front of my eyes.
There was no way to know the battle situation at the front and the news of his wife and siblings, so he sat sadly and drew words in the air with his hands.
Creative background:
This poem was written by Du Fu when he lived in Chang 'an in the winter of 756 from Tang Suzong to Deyuanzai. Shortly before Du Fu wrote this poem, Tang Jun, the ancient prime minister, waged a great war with An Lushan rebels in Xiehe Qingban, Chen Tao, which resulted in tens of thousands of casualties. When Chang 'an fell, the poet was caught by the rebels halfway and returned to Chang 'an. Poets also try to hide themselves and keep integrity; But the painful mood and hard life still torment the poet.
Appreciation of works:
1. Literature appreciation
In one or two sentences of this poem, "How many ghosts are crying" is a dark spot of this painful fact. Since Fangfang was defeated and there is no hope of recovering Chang 'an for the time being, he has to add another layer of sadness to the poet and can't talk to people casually. Therefore, the word "many" was used in the last sentence, indicating a heavy heart; In the next sentence, the word "alone" means that the environment is sinister. The third and fourth sentences, "The clouds are low and the snow dance is empty", are written in the front. Write the clouds at dusk first, and then the snow in the whirlwind. In this way, it is divided into levels, and the word "right" is shown in the title, suggesting that the poet sits alone in the room and sings repeatedly, and stays in the air from cloud to snow, full of sadness, as if intertwined with cold weather. In the fifth and sixth sentences, I went on to write about the poet's poverty. Abandoning the Bottle Without Green is about the poet being trapped in Chang 'an, and his life is very hard. I can't find a drop of wine in the cold. The gourd has long been thrown away, and the jar is empty. "The fire in the furnace is like red", and there is not much firewood. What is left is a residual fire that barely emits red light. Here, the poet didn't say that the fire in the furnace had burned out, but that there was a "fire". He also wrote the word "red" to make it look like a fire burning, and the room was full of light, and then pointed out the dreamland with the word "like". It is unbearably cold, and there is only ashes with residual heat left in the furnace. Because of the longing for warmth, the poet had an illusion in front of him: there was a blazing fire in the furnace, which made his eyes red. This description, which takes fantasy as reality, deeply digs out the secret of the poet's inner world at this time. This is an illusion driven by the desire to satisfy. This makes it impossible to describe the unbearable cold, compared with "the furnace is as cold as ice" and so on. Because it is not limited to the factual description of objective things, it also integrates the poet's own subjective feelings and appropriately expresses the poet's thoughts and feelings, which not only achieves realism, but also achieves romance. In seven or eight sentences, the poet expressed his concern about the status quo. From Yuan Zai (756) to Er Zai (757), the wars between the Tang Dynasty and An Lushan and Shi Siming were all carried out in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, and the overall situation was still unfavorable to Tang Jun. The poet was trapped in Chang 'an, and there was no way to know the news of the front war and the news of his wife and siblings. Therefore, he said that "the news of several States is broken" and ended the whole poem with "sitting in the middle of the book". This poem shows Du Fu's deep concern for the fate of the country and his relatives, but he can't concentrate on it.
2. Famous comments
"Welcome the New Year": Others will drink and sing to the snow scene, and they will be overjoyed. Only Lao Du is not, and every pole is concerned about the country and the people.
Return of Tang poetry: Gordon pai' ea chung-hoon: the word "like" is desolate. This old man is really poor.
Du Yi: The combination of "chaotic clouds" vividly describes the snow scene, but when it is sad, it makes me feel sad. ..... This poem rises in the snow, and then "cloud" two sentences, xing also; And the beginning and end are specified: don't make a grid. This article was written after hearing that Fang Yao and Chen Tao were defeated. It is extremely worrying to say "elegy" and "sad sitting", and I have no feeling again.
Review of Ying Kui Fa and Jing: Cha Fear: This old Du was trapped by a thief, even when he didn't drink or sing loudly. See from beginning to end. He Yimen: There is no wine in the bottle, no fire in the furnace, and the transformation is wonderful. Ji Yun: The word "respect for green" is a combination of the following sentences, which is really not generous. This also depends on chance encounter.
A detailed explanation of Du Fu's poems: This poem sings about snow and sighs about current events, which is an ancient feeling. ..... The former yue "cried bitterly", hurting the loyalist's new defeat; At the end of the cloud, "sitting sad" hurts thieves.
"Add Tang poetry and pick up money": His poems mostly describe the scenery before and the feelings after. In addition, they are virtual and real, and their styles are changeable.
Reading Du Xin Jie: I mentioned the meaning of injury and gave it to Xue Jing; Borrow the snow scene and return to current events. Although it is like reading snow in the middle, the two ends are separated, but it is actually bitter, and it is also taken at both ends.
"Du Shi Jing Quan": Li Zideyun: Bitter words are silent, so today Tang Dynasty is good. Just like a good painter, Western jackdaw in the west, dead wood, is twice as good as it. Shao Yun: Calm and sad (four lines in "Crying in War", wonderful freehand brushwork (one line in "Furnace Storage").