Poets of the Northern Song Dynasty: Yan Shu, Yan Jidao, Zhang Xian, Song Qi, Mei Yaochen, Ouyang Xiu, Sima Guang, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Chao Buzhi, Zhou Bangyan, Mi Fu, Li Zhiyi, He Zhu, Su Che, Su Xun.
Poets of the Southern Song Dynasty: You Miao, Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda, Lu You, Jiang Kui, Wang Yuanliang, Xin Qiji, Ye Shaoweng, Yan Rui, Li Qingzhao, Han Yuanji, Huang Gongdu, Tang Wan, Zhou Mi.
Yan Shu: Yan Shu (991-1055), named Tongshu, was born in Linchuan, Fuzhou. Famous writer and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty. Born in the second year of Chunhua, Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty (991), he entered the examination as a child prodigy at the age of fourteen. He was granted a Jinshi background and was appointed Secretary Sheng Zhengzi. He was promoted to the right to admonish the officials, a bachelor of Jixian Palace, Tongping Zhangshi and privy envoy. The Minister of the Ministry of Rites and the Ministry of Criminal Affairs, the scholar of Guanwen Palace, Zhi Yongxingjun, and the Minister of the Ministry of War.
He died of illness in Beijing in 1055. He was granted the title of Duke of Linzi, his posthumous title was Yuanxian, and he was known as Yan Yuanxian in the world. Yan Shu is famous in the literary world for his poetry, and is especially good at Xiao Ling. His style is subtle and graceful. Together with his son Yan Jidao, he is known as "Dayan" and "Xiaoyan", and together with Ouyang Xiu, he is also known as "Yan Ou". He is also good at poetry and prose. The collection has been lost. There are surviving fragments of "Zhu Yu Ci", "Yan Yuan Xian's Posthumous Documents" and "Lei Yao".
Ouyang Xiu: Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072), courtesy name Yongshu, nicknamed Zuiweng, Liuyi layman, Han nationality, native of Yongfeng, Jizhou (now Yongfeng County, Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province), politician in the Northern Song Dynasty , writer, and famous in politics. Because Jizhou originally belonged to Luling County, it called itself "Luling Ouyang Xiu". He became a Hanlin bachelor, deputy envoy to the privy council, and participated in political affairs. His posthumous title was Wenzhong, and he was known as Ouyang Wenzhonggong in the world.
Later generations together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Su Shi were called the "Four Great Masters of Eternal Writing". Together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Su Shi, Su Xun, Su Che, Wang Anshi, and Zeng Gong, they are known as the "Eight Great Masters of Prose in the Tang and Song Dynasties".
Ouyang Xiu was the earliest literary leader to create a generation of literary style in the literary history of the Song Dynasty. He led the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty and inherited and developed Han Yu's ancient prose theory. His high achievements in prose creation complemented his correct ancient prose theory, thus creating a generation of writing style. While Ouyang Xiu revolutionized his writing style, he also revolutionized the style of poetry and poetry. In terms of history, he also has high achievements.
Wang Anshi: Wang Anshi (December 18, 1021 - May 21, 1086), courtesy name Jiefu, nickname Banshan, Han nationality, native of Linchuan (now Linchuan District, Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province), famous in the Northern Song Dynasty Thinker, politician, writer, reformer. Wang Anshi successively held the posts of Yangzhou Signing Magistrate, Yin County Magistrate, Shuzhou Tong Magistrate, etc., with remarkable political achievements.
In the second year of Xining (1069), he was appointed as the governor of political affairs. The following year, he became the prime minister and presided over the reform. Due to opposition from the conservative faction, Xi was dismissed as prime minister in the seventh year of Xining's reign (1074). A year later, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty took up the post again, then dismissed him and retreated to Jiangning. In the first year of Yuanyou (1086), the conservatives gained power and all new laws were abolished. Yu Ran died of illness in Zhongshan (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and was given to the Taifu. In the first year of Shaosheng (1094), he received the posthumous title "Wen" and was called Wang Wengong in his later life.
Su Shi: Su Shi (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101), also known as Zizhan and Hezhong, was also known as Dongpo layman, and was known as Su Dongpo and Su Xian in the world. Han nationality, a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now part of Meishan City, Sichuan Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty. His ancestral home is Luancheng, Hebei Province. He is a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. Su Shi is the representative of the highest achievements in literature in the Song Dynasty, and has achieved high achievements in poetry, lyrics, prose, calligraphy, and painting.
His poems have broad themes, are fresh and bold, good at using exaggerated metaphors, and have unique style. Together with Huang Tingjian, they are called "Su Huang"; "Su Xin"; his prose writings are magnificent, bold and unrestrained. Together with Ouyang Xiu, he is called "Ou Su" and is one of the "Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi was also good at calligraphy and was one of the "Four Masters of the Song Dynasty"; he was good at painting, especially good at ink bamboo, strange rocks, dead wood, etc. There are "Dongpo Seven Collections", "Dongpo Yi Zhuan", "Dongpo Yuefu" and so on.
Li Qingzhao: Li Qingzhao (March 13, 1084 - May 12, 1155), named Yi'an Jushi, Han nationality, was from Zhangqiu, Qizhou (now Zhangqiu, Shandong). A female poet in the Song Dynasty, a representative of the Wanyue Ci School, she is known as "the most talented woman of all time".
Li Qingzhao was born into a scholarly family and lived a wealthy life in her early years. Her father, Li Gefei, had a rich collection of books. She laid a literary foundation in a good family environment when she was a child. After getting married, he and his husband Zhao Mingcheng devoted themselves to collecting and organizing calligraphy, painting and inscriptions. When the Jin soldiers invaded the Central Plains, they lived in the south and were in a lonely situation. In the early stage of his poems, he wrote mostly about his leisurely life, while in the later stage, he mostly lamented his life experience and had a sentimental mood. In terms of form, he makes good use of line drawing techniques, creates his own channels, and uses clear and beautiful language. The argument emphasizes the law of association, advocates elegance, puts forward the saying "don't be the same family" in lyrics, and opposes writing lyrics in the same way as poetry. He is capable of poetry, but not much remains. Some of his chapters are timely and historical, and his sentimental words are generous, which is different from his style of writing.
There are "Collected Works of Yi An" and "Yi An's Ci", which have been lost. Later generations have a compilation of "Shu Yu Ci". Now there is "Li Qingzhao's Collection and Annotations".
Reference materials: Yan Shu-Ancient Poetry and Prose Network
Ouyang Xiu=Ancient Poetry and Prose Network
Wang Anshi-Ancient Poetry and Prose Network
Su Shi-Ancient Poetry and Prose Net
Li Qingzhao = Ancient Poetry Net