Question 1: What is rhyme and obliqueness in poetry? To learn rhythm, you must not understand the four tones and levels of Chinese characters. To put it simply, the four tones and flat tones are the ups and downs of the pronunciation of Chinese characters. As for how it came about, it can only be said that the ancients came up with it after a long period of writing and summarizing the rules of Chinese pronunciation. The division of ancient sounds that we now call "Ping Shang Qu Ru" was only discovered by literati in the Qi and Liang dynasties. "Ping Shang Lai Ru" constitutes the four tones of ancient Chinese. The Ping tones include Yin Ping and Yang Ping, which correspond to the 1st and 2nd tones of modern Mandarin Chinese respectively; the Shang, Lai, and Ru together are called the Heng tones, and the Shang and Lai tones correspond to modern Mandarin Chinese respectively. The 3rd and 4th tones, the entrance tone have disappeared in modern times and are divided into the other three tones. Therefore: In ancient Chinese: Ping tones are flat tones, and oblique tones: up, come, and enter. In modern Chinese: flat tones: 1 and 2 tones, oblique tones: 3 and 4 tones. 1. Rule (1) Every two characters form a beat segment. Five-character sentences form two formats: 2/2/1/ and 2/1/2/. Seven-character sentences add a beat segment before the five-character sentence to form 2 There are two formats: /2/2/1/ and 2/2/1/2 (2) In the same sentence, oblique and oblique alternate, and in a couplet, oblique and oblique are opposite. For example: The endless falling trees rustle and the endless Yangtze River rolls by. (3) In two adjacent couplets, the lower sentence of the previous couplet and the upper sentence of the following couplet must be evenly connected (niān). For example: The wind is strong, the sky is high, the apes are screaming in mourning, and the white birds are flying back from the clear sand in Zhugistan. The endless falling trees rustled, and the endless Yangtze River rolled in. Wanli is always a guest in the sad autumn, but he has been sick for a hundred years and only appears on the stage. Difficulties and hardships make your hair more complex, and your wine glass becomes muddy when you are depressed. (4) The saying "One, three, five, no matter what, two, four, six, clearly" means that characters in odd-numbered positions can violate the rules of equality, but characters in even-numbered positions must strictly abide by the rules of equality. However, it should be noted that if a sentence in a couplet violates the rules of equality and obliqueness, the wording in the corresponding position in the couplet must be remedied, that is, the corresponding violation rules must be used. (For example, the third character in the above sentence should use the flat tone character instead of the oblique tone character. Then the third character in the next sentence should use the flat tone character instead of sticking to the format and still use the oblique tone character.) (5) The ancient entering tone characters in ancient poems must be judged flexibly , sometimes it can be inferred with the help of dialect pronunciation, because there are still many entering tones in the dialect. 2. The common formulas and variations of 廄仄 in modern poetry. The first form: Five-character kiqi, seven-character kiqi rhymes like the first sentence, it should be: 任仄平平任仄仄仄平仄仄平平任仄仄平平 (rhyme) 平平 (rhyme) 平廄仄平仄仄仄平仄仄平 (rhyme) The second style: five-character 仄 rise, seven-character 平 rise as if it rhymes with the first sentence, it should be: 平平任仄平仄平仄仄仄平仄仄平仄仄平 (rhyme) 廄仄平平仄仄平仄任仄平平 (rhyme)
Question 2: What is 平仄? What is rhyme? What is Ping and Ze?
To distinguish Ping and Ze, you must first understand the four tones. The four tones are the four tones in ancient Chinese. The so-called tone refers to the pitch, rise and fall, and length of the voice.
Ancient Chinese tones are divided into four tones: flat, rising, going, and entering. "Ping" refers to the flat tone among the four tones, including the two tones of Yinping and Yangping; "廄" refers to the flat tone among the four tones, including the three tones of Shang, Lai and Ru. According to traditional saying, the flat tone is a flat tone, the rising tone is a rising tone, the falling tone is a falling tone, and the entering tone is a short tone
Introduce this in detail
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Rhyme is when words with the same rhyme are placed in the same position in different sentences in poetry. The rhyme is usually placed at the end of the sentence, so it is also called rhyme.
Sentences that rhyme not only facilitate recitation and memory, but also give the work a harmonious beauty of rhythm and tone.
Rhyme is one of the basic elements of poetry rhythm. When poets use rhyme in their poems, it is called rhyme. From the Book of Songs to later generations, there are almost no poems that do not rhyme. There are no folk songs that do not rhyme. In northern opera, rhyme is also called Zhe. Rhyme is called Hezhe. Most people can detect whether a poem has rhyme or not. As for explaining what rhyme is, it's not that simple. but. Today we have the Chinese Pinyin alphabet, and the concept of rhyme is easy to explain.
The so-called rhyme in poetry is roughly equivalent to the so-called final in Chinese Pinyin. As we all know, when a Chinese character is spelled out using Pinyin letters, it usually has initial consonants and finals. For example, the character Gong is spelled g ōng, where g is the initial consonant and ōng is the final rhyme. The initial consonants are always in front and the finals are always in the back. Let’s look at 东dōng, 同tóng, 龙lóng, Zongzōng, Congcōng, etc. Their rhyme finals are all ong, so they are words with the same rhyme.
Example (1): The sun is shining over the mountains, and the Yellow River flows into the sea. If you want to see a thousand miles away, go to the next level. "Climbing the Stork Tower" by Wang Zhihuan
Example (2): The moonlight illuminates the underground hall; on the thirtieth day of the year, I pick betel nuts. "Moonlight" (Nursery Rhyme)
Example (3): Not swayed by air pressure, just because you support me. "My Pride" Lyrics Anders Lee, Huang Weiwen
Example (4): You are "fine" and I am both "fine", drink a cup of bamboo leaf green. "Green Bamboo Leaves" slogan
Arrange words with the same rhyme regularly at the end of verses such as poems. The words that rhyme with each sentence are called rhyme or rhyme words. Rhyme is one of the linguistic features of poetry and other rhymes.
Its main function is to make the sound harmonious and beautiful, make the chanting smooth and pleasant, and facilitate the memory and spread. "Rhyme" and "finals" are two concepts that are not exactly the same. The so-called same rhyme refers to finals with the same or similar ventral rhyme. If there is a rhyme ending, the rhyme ending is the same, and the rhyme ending can be different. In order to facilitate rhyming, people classify words that have the same rhyme and can rhyme with each other into several rhymes. According to the phonology of modern Beijing phonetics, the most common rhymes are eighteen rhymes and thirteen rhymes
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Question 3: Why do poems rhyme with oblique and oblique lines? How to learn? Once you know what the four tones are, it will be easier to understand Ping and Ze. Ping and Ze are a term for the rhythm of poetry: poets divide the four tones into two categories: Ping and Ze. Ping means the level tone, and Ze means the three tones that go up and down. 廄, according to the literal meaning, means uneven.
Why are we divided into two categories? Because the flat tone has no rise and fall and is longer, while the other three tones have rise and fall (the incoming tone may also rise or fall slightly) and are shorter. In this way, they form two major types. If these two types of tones are intertwined in poetry, the tones can be diversified instead of monotonous. Although the ancients paid much attention to the so-called sonorous tone, harmony between tones and tones is an important factor.
How are levels and levels intertwined in poetry? It can be summarized in two sentences:
⑴ Ping and Qi are alternate in this sentence;
⑵ Ping and Qi are opposites in the couplet.
This kind of flat rules is particularly obvious in rhythmic poetry.
For example, the fifth and sixth lines of Chairman Mao's poem "The Long March":
The golden sands and water beat against the clouds and cliffs warm,
The iron cables across the Dadu Bridge are cold.
The meaning of these two poems is:
Ping Ping | Ping Ping | Ping Ping | Ping,
Ping Ping | Ping Ping | Ping Ping | Ping Ping | Ping.
In this sentence, every two words have a rhythm. In the Ping sentence, Pingping is followed by 任仄, 任仄 is followed by Pingping, and the last one is 仄 again. In a 廄sentence, 廄廄 is followed by ping, which is followed by 廄廄, and the last one is ping again. This is alternation. As far as couplets are concerned, the golden sands are flat to Dadu, the water is flat to the bridge, the clouds and cliffs are flat to the iron cables, the warm is flat to the cold, the flat is flat to the bridge. This is opposition.
Regarding the rules of the rhythm of poetry, we will discuss it in detail in the following chapters: The rhythm of verse and the rhythm of words. Now let’s talk about how to distinguish between flat and flat.
If your dialect has rhymes (for example, you are from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanxi, Hunan, or South China), then the problem is easy to solve. In those dialects with entering tones, there are more than four tones. Not only the flat tone is divided into yin and yang, but also the rising, falling, and entering tones are often divided into yin and yang. Guangzhou Rusheng is divided into three categories. This is easy to do: just combine them, for example, combine Yin Ping and Yang Ping into Ping tone, and combine Yin Shang, Yang Shang, Yin Lai, Yang Lai, Yin Ru, and Yang Ru into Hei tone, and that's it. The problem is that you first need to figure out how many tones there are in your dialect. This requires the help of a friend who understands intonation. It would be better if you have learned the corresponding rules between local tones and Mandarin tones in Chinese class and have figured out the tones in your own dialect.
If you are from Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and northern Guangxi, then the characters for Rusheng are all attributed to Yangping in your dialect. In this way, you should pay special attention when encountering Yangping characters. Some of them were Rusheng characters in ancient times. As for which words belong to Rusheng and which words belong to Yangping, you have to look them up in a dictionary or rhyme book.
If you are from the north, then the method of distinguishing between flat and flat is slightly different from that in Hubei and other places. Since most of the ancient ru tone characters in Mandarin have been changed to the falling tone, the falling tone is also a oblique tone; some have been changed to the upper tone, and the upper tone is also an oblique tone. Therefore, the characters "Yu Ru Bian Lai" and "Yu Ru Bian Shang" do not prevent us from distinguishing Ping and Chou; only the characters "Yu Ru Bian Ping" (Yin Ping, Yang Ping) cause difficulties in distinguishing Ping and Chou. When we encounter a place where the rhythm of poetry stipulates the use of oblique tones, the poet uses a word that is pronounced as a flat tone today, which arouses our doubts. We can check it in a dictionary or rhyme book to resolve it.
Note that any word whose rhyme ends in -n or -ng will not be an entry-tone character. If we look at Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and northern Guangxi, there are basically no rhymes such as ai, ei, ao and ou.
In short, the problem of entering the tone is the only obstacle to distinguishing between flat and straight. This obstacle can only be eliminated by looking in a dictionary or a rhyme book; however, the principle of Ping and Ze is easy to understand. Moreover, about half of the places in China still retain the rhyming tone, and people in those places have no problem distinguishing between rhymes and oblique.
Question 4: Solution: What are the rhymes and oblique in ancient poetry pairs? What's the meaning? Rhyming means that the last word of the pair has the same or similar finals, an, ang, en, eng... Ting means that the opposite words in the pair are the opposite of each other. In ancient pronunciation, the words are divided into Yinping, Yangping, Shangsheng and Lai. The sound is the current 1, 2, 3, and 4 sounds, but some pronunciations were different in ancient times and now.
Question 5: The oblique rhyme of the seven-character rhyme poem feels quite artistic. Let me talk about some issues.
First of all, there are major problems with rhyme and rhyme. The rhymes of a, an, and ang are changed many times, which is a taboo in rhythmic poetry.
Secondly, regarding the issue of antithesis, the rhyme and verse neck couplets must be antithetical, while other requirements are looser. From the perspective of part-of-speech duality alone, the first couplet has the neatest antithesis, while both the chin and neck couplets have flaws. (The lingering chin couplet matches the sound string very well, and the "virtual" in the neck couplet of the virtual year cannot match the "green" in the green lotus), but overall it is still good.
Next is the big head, which is flat.
There is a serious problem with the flatness of this poem.
According to the ping-qi-ping-ending pattern of the first sentence, ping-chi should be as follows:
平平廄任仄平平, 任仄平仄廄平.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
In the seven rhythms of the Pingqipingping style, except for the first couplet and the neck couplet, one or three characters in the meter can be ignored.
So, I will change it a little bit.
The lotus leaves in the fields are holding cloud gauze, and the lotus pods are picked to catch the moonlight.
The beautiful shadows dance to plum music, and the microwave ripples to the flat sand.
The dense mist lingers on the green, and the lingering ripples lock the red flowers.
Frogs and cicadas sing softly in the wind, while the solitary figure stands alone.
To show that I tried my best, please explain what I changed.
The revised verses at the beginning, chin and neck couplets.
The first couplet is based on the principles of one and three, and is equal to each other.
The chin couplet comes out with the sentence 仄廄平廄平廄, using the technique of five bends and six rescues, which is combined with ping 廄. Meiqu and Pingsha refer to "Three Plum Blossom Alleys" and "Wild Geese Falling on Pingsha", which are ancient pieces of music, so they can be regarded as duals.
The neck joint is flat. In this sentence, lingering expresses the way that the water and the flower are very close. I think the red flower is a bit strange.
The tail is combined with the same level, and the last shadow means that there is only one shadow in vain and leisure, but no one to accompany it.
The author can change it according to his own ideas.
That’s about it, the level is limited, discussions are welcome.
Question 6: Regarding the rhythm and oblique rhyme of poetry. Ancient poetry (let’s put the words aside for now and discuss them later) is divided into ancient poetry and modern poetry. At that time,
it was probably in the Tang Dynasty As the boundary, the poetry style formed after the Tang Dynasty (including the Tang Dynasty) is called modern poetry. Among them, ancient poetry only requires rhyme and does not pay attention to any rhythm. Modern poetry has very strict requirements on rhyme and rhythm, which is meter. I don't want to explain what meter is today. It would be too long to write. If you are interested, go to my homepage to read it. I just want to talk
about what our attitude towards meter should be today.
I personally think that the rhythm is purely for the beauty of the rhythm. I pay attention to the rhythm.
Most of the poems that read the rhythm are melodious, ups and downs, and soul-stirring. This is very helpful to better
present the theme of poetry, and it is also an important reason why many beautiful poems in ancient times
can be spread.
——Flying down three thousand feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen into the sky.
——The moon is setting, the sky is filled with crows and frost, and Jiang Feng and fishing fire are facing melancholy.
——If you want to see a thousand miles away, go to the next level.
——Thousands of sails passed by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees grew in front of the diseased trees.
Read these verses. The reason why they are so catchy is because of the rhythm. So it is good for us to learn to write poems according to meter.
However, meter is not the "sword from above" that restricts our poetry. The idea that
writing poetry must be in conformity with the law, and that failure to conform to the law is a waste of time is unacceptable.
First, a poem that meets the rhythm can have a beautiful rhythm, but it does not mean that a poem that does not meet the rhythm will definitely not have a beautiful rhythm. For example:
Birds will fly away from thousands of mountains, and people will disappear from thousands of lands.
A man in a boat with a coir raincoat fishing alone in the snow in the cold river.
There are many irregularities in this poem, but it is still pleasant to read.
Secondly, if the meter and the content conflict, the content must be the guideline.
It is better to abandon the meter and preserve the exact meaning of the poem. If the content is abandoned for the sake of rhythm, it is simply putting the cart before the horse, and the entire poem will be completely useless. In A Dream of Red Mansions, Lin
Daiyu once said, "If there are really strange sentences, even if they are plain and true, they are
made."
This was still the case for the ancients, but what happens to today’s people? However, it should be stated here that if you write poetry
as long as it does not meet the rules, it will conflict with the content, and that is absolutely unacceptable. In fact, sometimes
we can adapt to the rhythm without damaging the content. That kind of approach without asking for a deeper understanding is an incorrect writing attitude. Here is an example of abandoning meter for content
Subtitles:
In the past, people rode the Yellow Crane, leaving the Yellow Crane Tower vacant here.
The yellow crane will never return, and the white clouds will remain empty for thousands of years.
The first and second sentences both have "yellow crane" in the same position, which is a taboo in rhythmic poetry.
However, everyone can see that the word "Yellow Crane" cannot be changed. The third and fourth sentences are also different.
There are six-square and three-flat tunes without patterns. But why is this poem still so popular and spread far and wide? Therefore, I advise everyone to "Rhyme works for me, but I will not be harmed by it."
Thirdly, since it is difficult to write metrical poems (I am not good at them anyway), and ancient poems already have ancient poems, so you can just focus on the rhyme style. , for beginners,
There may be nothing wrong with writing ancient poems that are not in the straight, oblique and right directions.
Finally, I would like to say one more thing. Recently, some literary friends have written ancient poems without even rhyming them, which is probably not good
. Rhyme itself is the biggest feature of ancient poetry. Without rhyme, I am afraid it cannot be called ancient poetry.
Some people may wonder why some ancient poems do not rhyme when read. That's because
the ancient pronunciation is different from the modern pronunciation. These poems were read in rhyme by the ancients. For example,
The ancient pronunciation of the word "Xie" is pronounced as "xia".
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The position of rhyme has its own regulations (of course, the rhythm of the words is still somewhat related to the rhythm of the verse
). Ci is different from poetry. There are many kinds of Ci words and can be memorized thousands of times. Poetry, on the other hand, is relatively
much more monotonous. Therefore, if we can try to meet the flat and oblique format of word combinations and some special requirements
, we can make the words of this word brand have a different style, which will also have a unique flavor. That is to say, in addition to the beauty of the sound, the rhythm of the words also plays a role in presenting the characteristics of the words.
Since I have only been involved in poetry for a short period of time, the content I describe is inevitably limited. I hope that knowledgeable people will not hesitate to criticize and correct me. Tianya will be grateful. ...>>
Question 7: How to arrange the oblique and oblique rhymes in the seven-character verse. 5 points. There are problems with oblique and oblique rhymes. After changing them, you will basically rewrite a poem.
There is no common rhyme between flat and oblique rhymes. "Jiu" and "Zhu" both rhyme. As for Pingqi, the first sentence of Qilu Ping you used in this poem fits into the rhyme pattern. Check it yourself.
Question 8: How to arrange oblique and oblique rhymes in a seven-character poem. The first sentence of your seven-character poem is in oblique and oblique rhyme. If you look at the second word "bar" in the first sentence at first glance, you can see "红" in the second sentence. Fate is the rhyme of fifteen deletions.
The flat and oblique specifications should be: ○ flat tone ● oblique tone ◎ can be flat or oblique △ rhymes with flat rhymes
⊙●○○⊙●△, ◎○⊙●●○△. ◎○⊙●○○●, ⊙●○○⊙●△.
⊙●◎○○●●, ◎○⊙●●○△. ◎○⊙●○○●, ⊙●○○⊙●△.
Whoever boils the tea to make it red, who renews the true love - "to" is changed to "to". "Love" is changed to "love".
The autumn phoenix blows on the willows to send off the frightened geese, and the moonlight makes no trace of the solitary wild geese - "phoenix" is changed to "wind". "Send" and "remind". "Gu" was changed to "Su", and "Goose" was changed to "Cicada".
The embarrassment of ancient and modern times is the sorrow of separation. Who in the world does not bow his head - "now" is changed to "past", "is" is changed to "wei", "who in the world does not bow his head" is changed to "who in the world has never bowed his head" "游"
I would like to celebrate my past love in the dream building, and toast my remaining joy with a glass of wine - change "will" to "by"...
Whoever boils the green tea will turn red, who will True love renews old relationship?
The autumn wind blows in the willows, and the cicadas sing in the moonlight.
In ancient times, the only sorrow was the sorrow of separation. Who in the world has not shed tears?
I would like to enjoy the mandarin duck’s dream and have fun with each other over a glass of wine.
―――――――――――――――――I’ll pick it up based on my humble opinion.