Du Fu
Later that day, Jiang,
Spring breeze smells of flowers and plants.
Muddy swallows,
Sleeping mandarin ducks on the warm beach.
Precautions:
How beautiful the mountains and rivers are bathed in spring.
Spring breeze brings the fragrance of flowers and plants.
Flying swallows are busy building nests with wet mud in their mouths.
Beautiful Yuanyang sleeps on the beach and basks in the sun.
Evening: refers to spring.
Mud melting: Spring comes, frozen mud melts, wet and soft.
Yuanyang: A beautiful waterfowl, hermaphroditic birds often appear.
Appreciating this poem describes the beautiful and moving scenery in spring. The first sentence and the second sentence focus on the overall situation, with a broad vision, and describe the big environment of nature. The beginning of the poem highlights "Late Sunday", which dominates the whole article. It is precisely because of the arrival of spring that "flowers and plants are fragrant", "mud melting" and "warm sand" will appear. The last two sentences vividly describe two lovely animals, describe the dynamics of swallows and show the hustle and bustle of spring; The static state of Yuanyang appears carefree. Dynamic and static collocation, mutual interest. This poem is beautiful in artistic conception, fresh in style and natural and smooth.
The central idea of this poem captures the unique spring scenery such as sunshine, mountains and rivers, spring breeze, flowers and plants and their fragrance, swallows and mandarin ducks, mud melting and sand warmth, and depicts a beautiful and complicated spring scene for readers, expressing the poet's comfortable mood of staying in the thatched cottage after he ended his wandering life, and also expressing his joy at the vitality and prosperity of nature in early spring.
Two quatrains
Shi zhinan
The shade of ancient wood is a short awning, and the stick thistle helps me cross the east of the bridge.
The clothes are wet and the apricot blossoms are raining, and the face is not cold.
Make an appreciative comment
There is no way to verify Shi Zhinan's living conditions. He was not as healthy as the "Four Poets of Zhongxing" and "Mr. Er Quan" in the literary world at that time. But this little poem, with its delicate feelings and true description of early spring and February, recorded its name in the history of Song poetry.
Zhao Yu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once wrote in the volume of Poems for Entertainment: "Monks can read poems in the south, and Zhu Wengong tasted and commented:' Southern poems are more beautiful than Gree, and there is no smell of vegetables and bamboo shoots. Like a cloud, "I want wet clothes, I want rain and apricot blossoms, and the willows are not cold." Give it deep love. Zhu's evaluation of his poems is based on whether there is a taste of bamboo shoots, which is actually one of the issues discussed in the poetry theory of the Song Dynasty. Su Shi said in "Giving Poems to Monks, Taoists and General Affairs": "The language has been foggy since ancient times, and the gas contains vegetables and bamboo shoots for the public." Note: "It means there is no sour stuffing." May be the first to put forward this proposition. He commented on a sentence by Si Kongtu in the Tang Dynasty, "The piano is quiet in the court, and the stone altar is high in shadow". He said: "I have tasted the Five Old Peaks, and I have been to the White Crane Yard, where the pine trees are everywhere. I didn't see anyone, but I heard its voice, and then I knew the function of this sentence. But I hate it cold and awkward. " (Shu Tu Shi) clearly shows this tendency. He opposed the poems of monks and the bamboo shoots of vegetables, which was also endorsed by many poets. For example, Ye Mengde's "Shi Lin Shi Hua" said: "There are many monks who study poetry in modern times, and they don't feel detached and complacent. They often copy the legacy of literati. I also made a monk's body with a particularly vulgar rhythm, which the world calls sour stuffing. " Investigating the connotation of bamboo shoots refers to the loneliness of feelings and the coldness of the realm. This is a state closely related to the life and spirit of monks, and it is a specific "wind flow under the forest", which seems to have its rationality. Therefore, in the previous episode, Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden in Conghua" quoted Xiqing's poem as saying: "Dongpo monk poems should be free of bamboo shoots, and poets should take them. If you misunderstand this time, you will make it a language in the world network. I don't know whether the family style and the weather under the forest by the water are indispensable. If you wash away the rhyme and make it the same as the custom, what is enough! " Yuan Haowen put it more bluntly in the Preface to Mu 'an's Poems: "The poems of monks are different from poets because they are covered with bamboo shoots." Indeed, if we admit that life is the only source of all literature and art, then why not admit that bamboo shoots can best reflect the living conditions of poets and monks? In fact, what Su Shi scholars say is to incorporate all poetry creation into the aesthetic taste and standards of literati and obliterate its due uniqueness. This is even inconsistent with Su Shi's thought of pursuing diversity, which is often expressed in his poetics. Therefore, we would rather understand it as his momentary remarks, because from some of his specific works, there are many "bamboo shoots". Returning to the poem "Guide", Zhu praised it for not smelling like bamboo shoots, and said it from the standpoint of a scholar. This shows that Shi Zhinan is an all-rounder in poetry creation, and monks can write good poems with or without bamboo shoots.
3 Taohuaxi
[Tang] Zhang Xu
The faint flying bridge is separated by wild smoke, and the stone alum asks the fishing boat on the west bank.
Peach blossoms follow the water all day long, and the mouth of the peach garden is by the stream?
Precautions:
1. Overpass: Gao Qiao.
2. Rock: A pile of rocks exposed in the river.
3. Cave: refers to the cave mouth found by Wuling fishermen in Taohuayuan.
Rhyme translation:
I vaguely saw a long bridge, blocked by violent smoke;
On the west coast of Shiyu, I asked for a fishing boat.
Peach blossoms float endlessly with the running water all day long;
Which section of Qingxi is the entrance to Peach Blossom Garden?
Comments:
This is a landscape poem written by borrowing the artistic conception of Tao Qian Peach Blossom Garden. Poetry is written in the distance, and the valley is deep and secluded.
Stay away from trance, misty, and its environment is like a fairy. Then zoom in, write peach blossoms and flowing water, the fishing boat is light and wide, and ask the fisherman,
Looking for taoyuan. The poem is graceful in conception, picturesque in artistic conception, affectionate in scenery and profound in interest. Hengtang judges comment: "Four sentences.
Worth an article "Peach Blossom Spring". "That makes sense.
Four quatrains
Du Fu
Birds on the river wall are too white,
These mountains are blue and white.
I watched it again this spring,
When is the year of reunification?
[translation]
The white spirit with clear water and waterfowl is whiter.
The green peaks set off the flowers as red as a burning fire.
Spring has passed again this year.
I don't know when the day of going home is.
The meaning of words
More than: more than.
Desire: I think so.
Burning: burning.
Guo: In the past.
H: what?
[opinion]
This poem, with its bright colors and fresh and pleasant scenery, contrasts the poet's strong desire to go home and expresses.
I feel that the author has lived in a foreign country for a long time.
[Appreciation] This poem was written by Du Fu in late spring after he entered Shu. Expressed the feeling of living in a foreign land. "The birds in the river are white, and the mountains are blue and white." This is a landscape painting embedded in a frame. The paper is full of ink, and the painting is colorful and has a fascinating charm. You see, on the rippling river, there are white water birds, which skim the river. What a pleasant scenery! All over the mountains and plains are green, blooming everywhere and extremely red. It's like burning a fire, how brilliant it is! White bird feathers are lined with river walls, and blue and white set each other off; Green hills are lined with red flowers, and green and red compete. The word "Guo" makes the waterfowl whiter and whiter with the blue sediment of the river, and writes deeply and picturesque; And a word "desire" endows the flower with anthropomorphic dynamics and swaying. There are four poetic images of rivers, mountains, flowers and birds, which are depicted in four colors: green, green, red and white. The scene is fresh and pleasing to the eye. However, the poet's will is not here, and then, the pen path turns sharply and sighs.
"I saw it again this spring. When is the year of return?" The word "read through" in the sentence refers directly to the season of writing poetry. The scenery in late spring and early summer is not beautiful, but it is a pity that the years have passed and the return date is far away, which not only does not arouse the interest of playing, but evokes the sadness of wandering.
The artistic feature of this poem is to write sadness with joy. Only by saying that spring is harmonious can we compare the poet's eagerness to return home. It does not reveal homesickness directly from the scenery, but compares the poet's deep homesickness with the difference between objective scenery and subjective feelings.
Five quatrains
Don du fu
"Two orioles sing green willows, and egrets cover the sky."
My window framed the snow-covered western hills. My door often says "goodbye" to ships sailing eastward.
appreciate
Poetry, with its vibrant natural beauty, seems to create a fresh and relaxed atmosphere. In these two sentences, the poet implicitly described this beautiful scenery from different angles. Cui is new green, which is the color when everything recovers and germinates in early spring. With "singing", the cry of orioles seems to give people a crisp and pleasant feeling. In early spring, pairs of orioles sing on the budding willow branches. What a happy life! The oriole sings on the willow tree, which is the vitality that moves in silence. The next sentence is about the vitality of nature with a more obvious dynamic trend: Wan Li is clear, and egrets fly in this fresh sky, which is not only a kind of freedom, but also an upward struggle, which means the word "Shang" is wonderful. These two sentences, with "yellow" lining "Cui" and "white" lining "Qing", are bright in color and full of vitality in early spring. The first two sentences also describe the crow of the oriole, and describe this vibrant and colorful image of early spring from the visual and auditory perspectives respectively. This colorful technique adds vitality. Furthermore, the first sentence says that the oriole sings on the willow, and the last sentence says that the egrets fly to the sky. The space between them is much wider, from bottom to top, from near to far, so that the poet can see and feel the vitality and fill the whole environment, thus showing the prosperity of early spring from another angle.
The third sentence "The window contains snow in Xiling". Looking from the window, you can see the snow in Xishan because of the clear sky and sunny days in early spring. But I think it's not satisfactory. Can you understand it better? As pointed out in the last two sentences, it was early spring at that time, and the autumn snow in winter was about to melt, giving people a moist feeling. There is a word "containing" between "window" and "snow" in this sentence, which makes the moisture moisten the frozen window lattice in winter when the first snow melts, making it worse. And "Xiling" might as well be understood as the poet's thinking of Xiling when he saw the snow melting in front of the thatched cottage, thinking of the long-term snow on Xiling Mountain and then replacing the snow seen on the window with the snow on Xiling Mountain for thousands of years. But why did the poet use this poem "A Thousand Autumn Snow" to replace the residual snow on the window last year? The poet's years of neglect have broadened his artistic conception. Above, I have briefly described Du Fu's writing of this poem. At that time, Du Fu had drifted away from the imperial court for many years, but suddenly he had an effective opportunity.
6 stunt Rou Shi
When it comes, it turns yellow,
The roadside was full of flying balls yesterday.
I am more adrift than Huayang,
Huayang is very busy all spring.