Topographic characteristics of South Asia

The topography of South Asia is divided into three parts: the Himalayas in the north, with an average elevation of more than 6000 meters, and there are 14 peaks over 8000 meters. Mount Qomolangma between Nepal, India and China is 8844.43 meters above sea level, which is the highest mountain in the world. The vertical changes of climate, soil and vegetation are remarkable. The central part is the Great Plain (formed by Indus River, Ganges River and Brahmaputra River), with dense river network, numerous irrigation canals and developed agriculture. In the south are Deccan Plateau and coastal plain on the east and west sides. Between the plateau and the coastal plain are the East Kochi Mountains and the West Kochi Mountains. Rivers such as Godavari and Krishna flow into the Bay of Bengal from west to east. Rich in rice, wheat, sugarcane, jute, rapeseed, cotton, tea and so on. Rich in coal, iron, manganese, mica, gold and other minerals. The northern part of South Asia is separated from the main body of the Asian continent by the high Himalayas, and is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean on the east, west and south sides, which makes South Asia a relatively independent unit in geography. Therefore, the mainland part from the south of the Himalayas to the Indian Ocean is called the "South Asian subcontinent" (or the subcontinent for short). On the other hand, South Asia consists of most of the South Asian subcontinent and nearby Indian Ocean islands. The northern part is a narrow and rugged mountain on the south side of the Himalayas, the middle part is a slightly curved and wide Ganges-Indus lowland, and the southern part is high in the west and low in the east, with gentle ups and downs. The boundaries in South Asia are obvious. Young folded mountains (such as Suleiman Mountains in the northwest, Karakorum Mountains in the north, Himalayas, Badakai Mountains and Arakan Mountains in the east, etc.). ) It faces the peninsula in the north and the sea in the south. The central plain is alluvial by the Indus River and Ganges River. Originating in Tibet, China, the Indus River flows through the arid areas in western South Asia and flows into the Arabian Sea. The Ganges River originates in the Himalayan region in the northwest, flows through India and Bangladesh, flows into the Bay of Bengal, and the estuary is the Ganges Delta. The causes of thar desert in the northwest of South Asia are as follows: ① Winter is controlled by subtropical high belt, with little precipitation; ② The southwest monsoon can't reach in summer; ③ Overexploitation of the Indus Valley.