Leaves fall like a waterfall, while I watch the long river roll forward.
I came from three thousand miles away. With the sadness of autumn, with my sorrow of a hundred years, I climbed this height alone.
Bad luck has formed a bitter frost on my temples, and heartache and fatigue are a thick dust in my wine.
To annotate ...
Precautions:
1, Zhu: a small island in the water.
2, back: detour.
3, a hundred years: or a lifetime.
4, down and out: still sleepy, still in decline.
5. New Station: At this time, Du Fu is giving up drinking due to illness.
Brief analysis:
This poem was written by Du Fu in Kuizhou in the second year of Dali (767). The bleak autumn was vividly written by the poet, and the feelings aroused by it were even more touching. This is not only because of the nature of autumn, but also because of the poet's strong emotional color about the autumn of life. Couplets are famous sentences that are passed down by later generations. There are two sentences and fourteen words in it.
The ancients had the custom of climbing mountains on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. This poem was a lyric work by the poet on the Double Ninth Festival in Dali, Tang Daizong in the second year (767). At this time, Du Fu lived in Kuizhou (now fengjie county, Sichuan Province) on the banks of the Yangtze River, suffering from severe lung disease, and his life was very difficult. Through the description of sad autumn scenery, this poem expresses the poet's sadness when he was old and sick and was in a foreign land.
The first four sentences of the poem describe the scenery that turns pale when you look up to the distance. The first couplet borrows six kinds of scenery, such as wind, sky, ape, bamboo, sand and bird, with the words of urgency, height, sadness, clearness, whiteness and flying, indicating the order and environment of the festival, rendering a strong autumn feeling, and the scenery has distinct characteristics of Kuizhou area. These two sentences are not only workers' couplets, but also self-correcting in the sentence. The last sentence is written in water, which is a continuation of the second sentence. Write the mountain as a distant view and the water as a bird's eye view. When falling wood, it is said to be "rustling" and decorated with "boundless", such as smelling the bleak autumn wind and seeing fallen leaves; The Yangtze River is said to be "rolling". Start it with the word "endless". For example, when you smell the rolling waves, you can see the surging water. The two poems are extremely vivid and vivid, both in description form and description momentum. From the bleak scenery and profound artistic conception, we can observe the poet's feelings and sad mood. The last four sentences of the poem express the generosity of climbing. The last sentence of the necklace "Wan Li" shows that Kuizhou is far from home, which is the depth of rendering sadness from a distance; "Sad autumn" is a season in sharp contrast with sadness. The word "autumn" was brought out after the first two couplets wrote autumn. To conform to the seasonal climate, who is "climbing the mountain". The next sentence is about loneliness and illness. "One hundred years" is still a lifetime; "More than a hundred years of illness", full of diseases in his later years, the pain can be imagined; The word "independence" describes the loneliness of being unaccompanied; The word "coming to power" is a clear-cut topic, and feelings are born of the scene. These two words are concise and rich in meaning. They described being far away from their homeland and wandering for a long time, but they were sick and unaccompanied in their later years, and they couldn't help climbing alone in autumn. They can't help but be filled with sadness. Wei Lian further wrote that the country is in peril, its career is bumpy, and old age and sorrow lead to white hair. However, due to illness, I am an abstinence newcomer, so I can't get rid of all kinds of melancholy. The ancients used to drink while climbing the mountain on the Double Ninth Festival, but the poet even lost this joy. This connection is divided into five or six sentences: "difficult" tasting is caused by "frequent customers"; "Down and out" or even "sick". The first half of the poem describes the scenery, and the second half expresses emotions, each with its own intricate writing style. The first couplet focuses on describing the specific scenery in front of us, just like the meticulous brushwork of a painter, showing the shape, sound, color and state one by one. The second couplet focuses on rendering the atmosphere of the whole autumn, just like the painter's freehand brushwork, which should only be vivid and meaningful, so that readers can supplement their feelings with imagination.
All eight sentences in this poem are correct. At first glance, the beginning and the end seem to be "wrong", and the chest and abdomen seem to be "wrong". Careful appreciation, "every sentence is regular, and every sentence is regular." No wonder Hu Yinglin praised it as "a masterpiece through the ages", and Yang Lun even praised it as "the first of Du Ji's seven-character poems" (Du Shi Jing Quan) in Qing Dynasty.
The two 14-character sentences in the neck couplet contain multiple meanings and describe the hardships of life, which makes people feel strong sympathy.