Farewell in the mountains
Farewell in the mountains, the sun sets over the firewood.
The spring grass will be green next year, will the king and grandson return?
Vernacular translation:
Sent off my friend in the deep mountains, the sunset half-hidden the firewood gate.
The spring grass will produce new green next year. My friend, can you return it?
Overall Appreciation:
This poem "Farewell in the Mountains" does not describe the scene of farewell from the pavilion, but the ingenuity and choice of writing and inking that are completely different from ordinary farewell poems. point.
The first line of the poem, "Let's see each other off in the mountains," tells the reader at the beginning that it's time to see each other off. The words used to separate the scene and farewell feelings are replaced by a seemingly emotionless "Let's see each other off." "The word was written in one stroke. Here, there is a jump of time from sending each other to sending each other off. The second sentence jumps from sending off pedestrians in the daytime to "the sun sets over the wood door", which jumps over a longer period of time. When the poet integrated life into the poem, he cut out the feelings and thoughts of the farewell person during this period and treated them as a dark scene.
The second sentence "The sun sets over the firewood door" does not describe the scene of saying goodbye to the friend, nor does it exaggerate the atmosphere of the breakup, but rather describes the action of the day after seeing off the friend. Anyone who has experienced parting knows that the moment before a traveler leaves is depressing, but the feeling of loneliness and loss often becomes stronger and denser at dusk on the day after parting. At this moment when separation and grief are most difficult to deal with, there must be a myriad of things to write about; however, the poem only contains the act of "covering the firewood". This is an extremely common thing that people who live in the mountains do every day at dusk, and it seems to have nothing to do with saying goodbye during the day. But the poet connected these two things that were originally unrelated to each other, making this action that was repeated every day show a different meaning from the past, thus embedding the feelings of separation in the lines and the sorrow of separation in the words. It makes the poet feel a kind of loneliness and loneliness, and he will naturally recall his friend's voice and smile, and the joy of getting along with his friend day and night in the mountains will appear in front of his eyes. At the same time, he will also imagine his friend's whereabouts after leaving the mountain, and he will also look forward to his early return and reunion. In a word, although the poet's body is inside Chai Fei, his heart is outside Chai Fei. But the poet did not say all of this directly, allowing readers to experience it from the details of the action of "covering the firewood leaf". If a poem has "blank space", it is worth chewing.
The first two sentences of the poem are a foil, while the last two sentences are the main body of the performance.
The third and fourth lines of the poem, "The spring grass will be green next year, and the kings and grandchildren will not return" are derived from the two sentences of "The Songs of Chu: Recruiting the Hermits" "The kings and grandchildren will not return from their travels, the spring grass will grow green". . But the poem is about sighing because the wanderer has been gone for a long time and will never come back. These two lines of poems are about the fear that the traveler will be gone for a long time and never come back on the day when he parted with the traveler.
These two sentences use the meaning of the sentence "Chu Ci: Recruiting Hermits", but they do not make people feel that they are allusions at all, but feel that they are affectionate words that flow naturally from the depths of the poet's heart. The allusion here is not only appropriate, but also flexible and clever. In "The Songs of Chu: Recruiting Hermits", the king and his grandson were left in the mountains. The author of the poems and poems wanted to invite him to leave the mountains and return home, but Wang Wei's poem used the opposite meaning, hoping that his friends would return to the mountains; "Chu Songs: Recruiting Hermits" was about wandering people After leaving for a long time, one sighs that he will not return, and Wang Wei's poem is on the day he parted with the pedestrian, he was worried that he would not return for a long time; "Chu Ci: Recruiting the Hermit" uses a direct exclamation, but Wang Wei uses a questioning tone to convey the emotion It is much more subtle and rich.
"Return or not", as a question, should be asked to the passer-by when parting, but here it is asked to come to the mind of the resident only after the passer-by has gone and the sun has set. , became a suspense that was not asked out loud. In this way, what is written is not the usual words to say when saying goodbye, but the expression of deep feelings after "farewell", which shows that the person in the poem is still shrouded in thoughts of separation until the sunset. Although they have just broken up, they are already looking forward to their early separation. After returning, I am afraid that he will not come back for a long time. As mentioned before, there are two periods of time skipped from "seeing each other off" to "covering the firewood door"; here, at sunset on the day of farewell, I think of the green grass in the coming year and ask when I will return. No return, this is another jump from the present to the future, and the jump time is even longer. The three words "return or not" convey the worry and doubt that a friend will not return, but also the hope that the friend will return next spring. Before Wang Wei, Xie Tiao of the Southern Qi Dynasty also used the meaning of the sentence in "Chu Ci: Recruiting Hermits" in his poem "Rewarding the King of Jin'an", and wrote the sentence "The grass becomes greener in spring and autumn, and the prince has not returned to the west".
The third sentence "Spring grass will be green next year", some books read: "Spring grass will be green every year." In comparison, "Spring grass will be green next year" is more beautiful. It is the aphorism of the whole poem. With this sentence, the green of the spring grass imagined by the poet in Chai Fei is described, giving the whole poem a color, a painting, and an imagery. The poet is looking forward to the return of his friends to enjoy the scenery of the spring mountains together. , there will be a bright and beautiful object to express it. The word "green" is poetic, and the word "ming" is also wonderful.
This farewell poem does not describe the reluctance to leave the pavilion, but goes a step further to express the hope of reunion after farewell. This is something that goes beyond ordinary farewell poems. At the beginning, the scene of farewell is hidden, and the writing begins with "Farewell", and then the loneliness of returning home after farewell is thicker and thicker, paving the way for the title of looking forward to his return, so he thinks that there is a time for the spring grass to become green again, and the return of the departed person. But it is difficult to determine. The feeling of farewell is beyond words. There is meaning in the mind and taste in the outside. It is truly ingenuity and one of a kind.
Wang Wei is good at picking up seemingly ordinary materials from life and using simple and natural language to show deep and sincere feelings, which is far-reaching.
This poem "Farewell in the Mountains" is like this.
"Farewell in the Mountains" is a work by Wang Wei, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty. This poem is written to say goodbye to a friend and expresses the reluctance to leave the friend. The subject matter is very common, but the conception is original and unique. Its most notable feature is that it does not focus on the word "farewell", but focuses on the actions and thoughts after farewell, and expresses the poet's desire to reunite with friends when the grass is green again next year. The language of the whole poem is simple and natural, the feelings are deep and sincere, original and thought-provoking.
Wang Wei (701-761, some say 699-761) was a native of Puzhou, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), and his ancestral home was Qixian County, Shanxi. A famous poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty, his courtesy name was Mojie and his nickname was Mojie Jushi.
Wang Wei was born in the Wang family in Hedong, and passed the first prize in the 19th year of Kaiyuan (731). Li Guanyou collected relics, censored the censor, and made the judge during the Hexi Festival. During the Tianbao period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei paid homage to the official doctor and gave him a job. When An Lushan captured Chang'an, Wang Wei was forced to take a pseudo-post. After Chang'an was recovered, he was awarded the title of Prince Zhongyun. During the Qianyuan period of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty, he served as Shangshu Youcheng, and was known as "Wang Youcheng" in his later life.
Wang Wei studied Zen and understood philosophy, studied Zhuang Daoism, and was proficient in poetry, calligraphy, painting, music, etc. He was famous among Kaiyuan and Tianbao for his poems, especially five-character poems, which often sang about mountains, rivers and pastoral areas, and collaborated with Meng Haoran. He is called "Wang Meng" and is also known as the "Poetry Buddha". His calligraphy and painting were so exquisite that later generations regarded him as the ancestor of Nanzong landscape painting. Su Shi commented on him: "When you taste Mojie's poems, there are paintings in the poems; when you look at Mojie's paintings, there are poems in the paintings." There are more than 400 poems in existence, and representative poems include "Acacia", "Mountain Dwelling in the Autumn Twilight" and so on. His works include "The Collection of Wang Youcheng" and "Secrets of Painting".