I. Original text
Stork tower
Tang Dynasty: Wang Zhihuan
The sun sets slowly near the western hills, and the Yellow River flows into the East China Sea.
By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
Second, translation.
The sunset slowly sinks beside the western hills, and the Yellow River rushes to the East China Sea.
If you want to see the scenery of Wan Li, you must climb a higher tower.
Three. notes
1. Stork Tower: The former site is in Yongji County, Shanxi Province. The building is three stories high, with Zhongtiao Mountain in front and the Yellow River at the bottom. Legend has it that storks often inhabit here, hence the name.
2. Day: the sun.
3. rely on: rely on.
4. Everyone: Disappear. The sun sets near the mountains.
5。 Desire: the desire to obtain something or achieve a certain purpose, but it also refers to hope and want.
6. Poverty: Exhausted, reaching the extreme.
7. clairvoyance: broad vision.
8. More: substitution and change. (Not the commonly understood meaning of "re")
Fourth, the creative background.
This poem is one of the last six quatrains of Wang Zhihuan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty.
The author served as editor-in-chief in Hengshui County, Jizhou (now Hengshui County, Hebei Province) in his early years, and was dismissed soon after being framed. Wang Zhihuan, who was less than 30 years old, lived a life of visiting relatives and friends. When writing this poem, Wang Zhihuan was only thirty-five years old.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) appreciation
The first two sentences of the poem, "The mountains cover the day, and the ocean drains the golden river", are about the magnificent scenery seen from the stairs. Here, the poet captured the rivers and mountains of Wan Li in a very simple and plain language with just ten words; When we read these ten words a thousand years later, we seem to be underground, and we feel open-minded when we see the scenery. Looking into the distance, a touch of sunset sank to the endless rolling mountains in front of the building and disappeared into Ran Ran at the end of the field of vision. This is the sky view, the distant view and the western view. The second sentence is about the Yellow River flowing through the front and bottom of the building, roaring south, then turning east in the distance and flowing to the sea. This is from the ground to the horizon, from near to far, from west to east. When these two poems are combined, the scenery of up and down, far and near, and things are all contained under the pen, which makes the picture look particularly broad and distant. As far as the second poem is concerned, the poet can't see the Yellow River entering the sea from the stork building. The sentence is written in the middle of the poem, which is a way to combine the foreground with the sky. This writing increases the breadth and depth of the picture.
There are two sentences in Du Fu's Song of Wang Zai's Painting Landscape: "Traveling in ancient times, talking about Wan Li recently". Although it is about painting, it can also be used to talk about poetry. These two poems written by Wang Zhihuan's landscape make it possible for Wan Li to be close at hand and Wan Li to be close at hand.
At this point, the poem seems to have written all the scenery in front of us, but surprisingly, in the second half of the poem, the poet pushed the poem to a higher level and showed readers a bigger vision with the words "But you go up a storey still higher, and your vision will be broadened by three hundred li". These two poems are not only unexpected, but also very natural, close to the first two; At the same time, the use of the word "Lou" at the end also plays a role in pointing out that this is a poem about climbing stairs. It can be inferred from the second half of the poem that the first half was written on the second floor. The poet wanted to see the distant scenery as far as possible, and even climbed to the top floor of the building. The poem seems to write the process of climbing stairs straightforwardly, but it has far-reaching implications and is intriguing. Here is the poet's enterprising spirit, forward-looking mind, and also the philosophy of standing high and looking far.
As far as the whole poem is concerned, this poem is said by the Japanese monk Konghai in On the Chamber of Secrets in the Mirror. Some people say that poetry should not be reasonable. This should only mean that poetry should not be blunt, boring and abstract, not that philosophy cannot be revealed and promoted in poetry. Just like this poem, it perfectly dissolves truth, scenery and events, making readers feel comfortable instead of reasoning. This is a mode to express the philosophy of life through thinking in images according to the characteristics of poetry.
The writing of this poem has another feature: it is a quatrain full of antithesis. When Shen Deqian chose this poem in the Tang Dynasty, he pointed out: "Four languages are correct, and it is not too expensive to read, so the bones are high." There are only two couplets in the quatrains, both of which are antithetical sentences. If it is not full of momentum and clear-cut, it will easily appear dull or fragmented. In this poem, the previous combination is the opposite name, the so-called "right and wrong", and the sentence is extremely neat, heavy and powerful, which shows the greatness of the scene written; The latter is a flowing pair. Although the two sentences are relative, there is no trace of confrontation. The poet is also very mature in using dual skills.
Meng Qian Bi Tan pointed out that "only Li Yi, Wang Zhihuan and Chang Dang can describe the scenery" in the poems left by the Tang people in the stork house. Li Yi's poems are seven-rhythm poems; Wandering poem is also a five-line poem, also called "In the Lodge of the Heron". The whole poem is as follows: "On birds, they rise above the ground. Ye Ping is surrounded by the sky, and the river breaks into mountains. " The poetic scene is also magnificent and can be called a masterpiece. However, Wang Zhihuan's poems were the first, but in comparison, he lost in the end, and Wang's poems had to be once and for all. ?
A brief introduction to the author of intransitive verbs
Wang Zhihuan (688-742) was a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His name is Ji Ling, Han nationality, from Jiangzhou (now Xinjiang County, Shanxi Province). Bold and uninhibited, he often mourned swordsmanship, and his poems were sung by musicians at that time. At that time, he often sang with Gao Shi and Wang Changling, and was famous for describing the frontier fortress scenery. Representative works include Heron Pavilion and Liangzhou Ci. "The mountain covers the day, and the sea drains the golden river. But as long as you go up a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles. "This is the eternal swan song.