original text
Chai Lu
Wang Wei
No one can be seen in the silent valley, only the voice is heard.
The shadow of the sunset shone into the depths of the forest, and the scenery on the moss was pleasant.
To annotate ...
Luzhai (zhài): one of Wang Wei's Wangchuan villas (in the southwest of Lantian County, Shaanxi Province). Firewood: a fence surrounded by trees, connecting "village" and "hill".
But: only.
Yǐng: Same as "ghost", sunlight reflected by clouds when the sun goes down.
Answer: Again.
translate
There was no one in the lonely mountain, only a burst of voices was heard.
The afterglow of the sun returned to the depths of the forest and shone on the moss in the forest.
Brief analysis
The word "empty mountain" at the beginning of the poem is relative to no one, and it also shows that the poet's vision is broader and he can take in everything in a glance; If you are in a virgin forest, you can't get the image of an "empty mountain". From these two sentences, we can also get a glimpse of the characteristics of the scenery situation in the mountains. The word "ring" in the antithesis echoes the word "empty mountain": only when there are not too many obstacles can the sound echo back and forth in the valley, and people can say "human voice". So the surrounding scenery must be sparse. The first two sentences are quiet because of sound and move because of sound; The last two sentences are written deeply, with the color of light. The scenery on the mountain will change from time to time because of dusk and wind and rain. This poem chooses the scenery in the evening as the description object. At this time, the sunset shone back into the depths of the forest, and some light fell on the moss. It's getting dark, and all kinds of scenery are many-hued, with sharp contrast between light and shade. Not far away, the gloomy shadow cast on the ground gradually elongated; Deep in the Woods, it's quiet because of the darkness. The best time for this kind of landscape is late summer and early autumn, and it must be sunny evening, so it can't rain all the time. The first perspective of this poem is deep in the forest. People's senses can't directly perceive the depths of the forest. This poem describes deep affection with "infinity" and "mystery" that are invisible or unimaginable. And that affection is deepest in the sunset in late summer and early autumn. The second perspective point is moss. This scene is at the bottom of your eyes. You can observe its shape and distinguish its color. Moss lives in dark and humid places. Its growth is the result of dense trees blocking the sun, but now it is in the sunset. These two perspectives are combined and reflect each other, which makes poetic truth and reality coexist.