China is a country of poetry. When it comes to China's poetic tradition, people always like to compare Chu Ci in The Book of Songs with Han Fu and Yuan Qu in Tang Poetry and Song Poetry. There are many talented people all over the country, and their poems and popularity will last for hundreds of years. In the 20th century, China created another great poet, Mao Zedong, whose poem is "Where did those lost times go before me?"? Behind me, where is the next generation? " .
Mao Zedong wrote the modern spirit in the form of classical poetry. His poems recorded the mental journey of his revolutionary life, and reflected the real life of China revolution in different periods. It is a heroic epic of China revolution. There were 39 poems that he agreed to publish before his death, of which only two were long tunes (9 1 Yu characters) with Qin Yuan Chun as the inscription. We have snowed in junior high school and are going to enjoy Changsha today. Changsha is the starting point of Mao Zedong's revolutionary life. Let's follow the shining footsteps of great men and walk into their lofty hearts.
Second, reading appreciation.
1, overall perception, familiar with the content
(1) Listen to Fan's pronunciation: Ge, broad, proud, thick, long and oppressive.
(2) Students read together and get familiar with the content.
2. Feel the image and clear your mind.
Changsha is a travelogue, and its outstanding feature is to create the image of the lyric hero "I". To read this word, we should start with feeling the lyrical image as a whole and clarify our thinking.
(1) Read the circle silently and find out the key words that shape the image of "I".
Clear: standing, watching, disappointed, asking, carrying, remembering, remembering.
② Clear your mind: (See preview tips)
Clarity: I write the scenery in front of me and the thoughts in my heart;
Xia Kun recalled the past, showed his youthful spirit and ideals, and secretly answered Shang Kun's questions.
③ Summarize the image characteristics: (Look at what you do, look at your heart)
Clarity: think independently and recall old words and old records.
④ Free reading and trying to recite. (Remember the key words and follow the train of thought)
Check the recitation, if you can't recite it, you may not have entered the artistic conception; If you can recite it, point out that you need to understand it deeply and grasp the emotional characteristics in detail.
3. Appreciation and evaluation
After clearing the train of thought and feeling the image of the lyric hero initially, we should further understand and grasp its emotional characteristics in detail.
(1) Lenovo suspects and creates suspense:
The normal word order of the first three sentences is-cold autumn, (poet) independent (in) Orange Island, (hope) north of Xiangjiang River. Poetic language often changes its order, among which "independence" ranks first, which enhances expressiveness. It uses the "close-up" lens to push the characters out of the scene, highlighting the image of the upright lyric hero and inspiring readers to have various imaginations and associations:
Lonely poets value personality most. Li Bai's "sitting alone in Jingting Mountain", Liu Zongyuan's "an old fisherman living in seclusion" and Yan Shu's "independent high-rise building, looking at the horizon" are detached, so what kind of feelings should the poet express when he is "independent" in Orange Island?
In the "cold autumn" atmosphere, we will think of Qu Yuan's Sad Autumn, Song Yu's Sad Autumn, and Du Fu's Here I am. Sad this autumn, and I have been sad for a hundred years, climbing this high alone "and Du Fu" pity Beijingers to flee south alone, unlike the Xiangjiang River flowing north ". Xiangjiang River goes north and poets go south-Guangzhou takes over the peasant movement workshop (see P 17 1 Note 1). Should we also express our sadness about autumn?
(2) Understand the lyric way and experience deep affection.
In order to deeply understand the emotional characteristics of lyric heroes, it is necessary for us to understand the common sense of lyric ways in poetry. (See Exercise 3: Some lyric poems express their passion directly, while others express their feelings by writing scenes, things, notes and people. As far as the content of Changsha is concerned, there are borrowing scenery to express emotion, expressing one's mind directly and remembering the past.
Qing: The seven sentences drawn from Shang Gan's Seeing are lyrical by borrowing scenery, while Melancholy and Wen are touching the scene and expressing their feelings directly. Xia Kun's "carrying", "remembering" and "remembering" show his sentimentality towards people and his lyricism towards things.
A. "Look" under the command of borrowing scenery to express emotion
What scenery do you write?
Qing dynasty: mountains, forests, rivers, kudzu, eagles and fish: ten thousand species.
What kind of artistic conception have you experienced?
Discussion Tip: Red leaves, green water, birds and fish jumps, these scenery look ordinary by themselves, and we can think of some famous poems and sentences:
Frost leaves are red in February flowers (Du Mu's Mountain Walk)
The water is blue, and thousands of feet bottoms out. (Wu Jun and Zhu Shu)
The sea is wide and the fish jumps, and the sky is high and birds fly. (See the junior high school text "Birds fly and fish jump and associate" for the famous Tang Priest's Xuanlan poem. However, the landscape in the poet's eyes is dense in images, orderly in combination, far or near, high or low, with points and total. And from the number (10000, 100), range (times, diffusion), color concentration (exhaustion, blue penetration), exercise intensity (struggle, attack, competition) and other aspects to highlight the characteristics of the scenery.
Qing: What is presented to us is a free and open space, a colorful picture scroll, and the quiet and great rhythm in late autumn is full of vitality, sweeping away the eternal sadness in autumn.
From this magnificent artistic conception of late autumn, what kind of emotional attitude do we feel from the poet?
Tip: If you are a negative and pessimistic poet, facing the same scenery, you may sigh like this:
The mountain is lazy and the stone is empty;
The water is ruthless, and the deceased is like this;
Yellow leaves fall and life ends;
Eagle hovering alone, small fish drifting feebly;
It's not all kinds of people fighting for freedom, but the trees are falling apart.
Cheng Ming: In contrast, we can see that the poet has integrated his active pursuit of life and sincere concern for the fate of his home country into his enthusiastic concern for all kinds of creatures in nature.
Reading tip: imagine the picture, enter the artistic conception, and read the positive feelings of care and love.
B, "disconsolate" and "ask" directly express their feelings.
Poets stand and look at the scenery and express their feelings through it. The accumulated emotions finally broke out into straightforward questions and sublimated into philosophical thinking. At this time, standing in front of us is no longer an ordinary tourist or an ordinary poet, but a philosopher who cares about the world.
Reading skills: reading profound thoughts.
C, "recite", "remember" and "remember" things with people.
Deep thinking naturally aroused the poet's thoughts and memories of his revolutionary comrades-in-arms and revolutionary activities when he was young. What kind of people and things is that?
Show the slides, fill in the facts and confirm the meaning of the words:
18, 18-year-old Mao Zedong came to Changsha and began his study and revolutionary life here for 13 years.
A.1913-1918, studying in Hunan first normal college, often goes to orange island to play and swim with classmates.
B.1965438+In April 2008, he and He Shuheng founded Xinmin Society with the goal of transforming China and the world;
During the May 4th Movement, the editor-in-chief of Xiangjiang Review published a series of important papers, which attracted the attention of the progressive ideological circles throughout the country.
C.1965438+In September 2005, the poet issued a pamphlet against Yuan as emperor;
At the end of 19 19, he organized and led the movement to expel the warlord Zhang Chu-xiang.
This word vividly sums up the past in poetic language.
Discussion: "Carry", "Companion" and "Classmate" indicate that the characters are closely related and United.
"Proud" and "thick" show the characteristics of the times, and the hard times contrast the efforts of the characters.
The description caused by "QIA" shows the temperament endowment, mental state and fighting action of the characters.
The image of "earth" is not beautiful, which just shows the contempt for warlord bureaucrats.
"Hit the water in the middle stream" is full of lofty sentiments and lofty aspirations, which is meaningful and reminiscent of "mainstay".
What kind of image do we associate from the poet's memories of the past? Tip: If you think about it carefully, what we see is neither the ancient literati's "turning a deaf ear to things outside the window and reading only sage books" nor the contemporary youth's "I bet my youth on tomorrow". It reminds us of Gu Xiancheng's feelings of "family affairs, state affairs and what's going on in the world", and even reminds us of Lu Xun's oath of "I commend Xuanyuan with blood" and Zhou Enlai's lofty ideal of "breaking the wall for ten years" and "studying for the rise of China".
Clear: I remember "classmates" and "scholars". What stands in front of us is clearly a group of fighters who dare to declare war on the old world.
Reading Tip: Read your emotions.
Third, the summary of integration.
Looking at the whole word freehand brushwork, we look at a tourist; Borrowing scenery to express feelings, we saw a poet; Profound questions, we see a philosopher; Looking back, we saw a group of soldiers.
Appreciation method: read the entry, grasp the key words, clarify the thinking and grasp the image as a whole; Understand the lyric way and experience the emotional characteristics.
Read the complete words and feelings according to the reading tips.
Fourth, the reading is over.
Play slides of Mao Zedong's poems, listen to music and read tapes.
Students who are good at reciting should read the whole word and ask to read their feelings.
On a crisp autumn day in late autumn, I stood alone in Orange Island, watching the clear water of Xiangjiang River slowly flow northward.
You see, Wanshan turns red, and layers of trees seem to be dyed; The autumn water of the whole river is crystal clear, and ships ride the wind and waves and compete with each other. Eagle is agile and vigorous, flying in the vast blue sky, fish is light and free, floating in clear water, and everything strives for freedom in autumn.
Facing the boundless universe, I want to ask: Who decides and dominates the rise and fall of this boundless earth?
Back in the past, my friends and I often wandered around here hand in hand to discuss state affairs. Numerous extraordinary years still haunt me.
Students are in their youth and prime of life; Everyone is full of ambition, passion and vigor. Commenting on state affairs, writing these articles with a clear-cut stand, and treating those dignitaries, warlords and bureaucrats at that time as dirt.
Do you remember when we were swimming in the river, the waves almost blocked the speeding boat?