The first realm of poetry, called "physical realm", is more common in pastoral poetry, with the spirit in the heart and the body in the realm. And see the situation in your heart, and then think.
The second realm of poetry, called "situation", often exists in the joy, sadness and resentment of poetry. Love begins in the realm and is intended in the body. And the trend of thought is rushing, it is necessary to be affectionate.
The third realm of poetry, called "artistic conception", is often found in poems with mixed scenes, which is based on meaning and thinking. And think about it in your mind, and then realize it.
From The Book of Songs, Songs of the South and Han Fu to Tang Poetry and Song Poetry, in the formation and evolution of the system of poetry itself, the literary concept has also been constantly evolving through the ages. The object of the environment turns to the subject, the reproduction of the environment turns to the performance, and the imitation of the environment turns to the abstraction. Throughout the ages, it has been repeatedly used in the classic "material environment", "scene" and "artistic conception", making it full of reality and charm. Thus gradually formed a group of images in modern literature.
Moon image is one of the most outstanding literary aesthetics in China's classical literature. Classical literary theory puts forward: "Flowers and birds are lingering, clouds and thunder are vigorous, spring is gloomy, and snow and moon are empty" (from Liu Xizai's Art Outline in Qing Dynasty). It can be seen that the moon image in ancient literature is usually used to represent the beauty of peace and tranquility.
In modern Chinese and western literary theories, images have risen from the representation I mentioned earlier to the "perceptual" means of literary expression. This is mainly because images, as "ideographic images" in literature, are gradually directly used to express philosophy with certain abstractness in later literary works. Therefore, the current "image" already contains philosophical elements, forming the so-called "image art". For example, some modern pop songs "I admit it's all the fault of the moon." The moonlight is so beautiful, you are so touching. " "It's nice to see the moonlight. I shouldn't sing solo. " At first glance, these lyrics have little to do with the moon, but the moon, as an image, can easily make readers form a kind of thinking in the process of literary acceptance. This also makes the text itself intriguing in literary criticism.
To give a few examples: Su Shi's Haitang has "the east wind worships all, and the spring fog turns empty and the moon turns." Here, the image of the moon, the natural law of its movement and its elegant appearance form the "summoning structure" in literature. The expression of the moon gives the necessary literary morphemes to guide the following, which makes the whole poem form a unique artistic charm.
Wang Wei's Autumn Night in the Mountains, moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream. It also contains an image of the moon. It's getting late and the moon is hanging in the sky. It is not difficult to find that the image of the moon in the first sentence of the two poems has four artistic effects: quietness, clearness, brightness and quietness, which is different from the clear spring flowing on the rocks described below. The antithesis of poetry is not only even and relative, but also relative in meaning, which brings infinite natural beauty to readers.
Later, the moon was used in the handwriting of literati to express homesickness and sadness, such as when the moon is full in the West Building, which we are familiar with. In these works, the moon, as an image, has the function of "expressing the feelings of life experience and expressing the meaning that is difficult to express clearly".
The graceful words formed by later generations are precisely because the love of beauty is human nature. The artistic form of beauty is a bridge to communicate human feelings. Taking the moon as an image and creating a beautiful artistic conception is one of the basic characteristics of graceful words. Except for the famous poem I mentioned just now, "The wild goose returns, and the west building will be full tomorrow." In addition, there are "Yang Liuan and Xiaofeng" (Liu Yong's "Yulinling") "When is the spring flower and autumn moon? What do you know about the past? Last night, the east wind blew in the small building, so my country couldn't bear to look back at Ye Mingyue in the Ming Dynasty "(Yu Meiren)," Cars are like running water in Ma Rulong, and flowers and moons are spring breeze "(Looking at the South of the Yangtze River by Li Yu) and so on.
Then, when we look at the image of the moon, I personally think it should include six aspects:
On the one hand, it is philosophical, which plays a certain sense of "metaphysical comfort" in literary works, such as "the wall is dark at dusk, and the moon flies under the porch." (Jiang Yan's Biefu);
The second aspect is its symbolic significance. By describing the "perceptual observation" of the moon as an external thing, we don't look at the problem directly with the moon itself, but take it as an "expression of meaning" (Hegel said. );
The third aspect is its absurdity, which regards the moon as "the image of human heart" and "loyal to the nature of heaven and earth" (Zhang Xuecheng's Literature and History). The so-called absurdity means that the image of the moon is logically symbolic of "transcending strangeness" and "inconceivability". For example, "Let me punish you instead of the moon!" "Internet vocabulary was popular in Taiwan Province Province in the 1990s. )
The fourth aspect is its abstraction, which is somewhat consistent with the first aspect. This is a late symbolism theory. The viewpoint is: "The poet has abstract thinking, so he has his philosophy. In creative activities, abstract thinking is mainly at work. " (French poet P. Valery said. It can be understood that if the moon is used as an image instead of the sun or other things in the works, it is because the soft light, quietness, comeliness and vastness of the moon are incomparable to the sun and other things. And this "is often related to the thinking and expression caused by the current situation of human living environment." (Kafka)
The fifth aspect is its solvability, which is reflected in the fact that literary works containing the image of the moon form a solution process in the process of literary acceptance, which makes it easier for readers to ponder and think about the moon in the solution process, so as to achieve some understanding of literary works. In this kind of works, the image form of the moon is no longer natural or common sense, it will become a kind of doubt and make people guess.
The sixth aspect is its fuzziness. Hegel said that "poetry is always a mystery", and poems containing the image of the moon often make people feel that "it is difficult to draw the most exact conclusion" (An Introduction to Literary Theory by Tong Qingbing). At this time, the image of the moon has become an artistic realm, which can load some thoughts or philosophies. For this research topic, it is of course necessary to appreciate and analyze more specific works, and classify and analyze many works according to the cooperative era, genre format, author and works themselves, so as to get a more general interpretation. The above ideas are just some of my views, hoping to inspire and help you.