"Poetry is not poor, and human nature is better than poetry. It is better to be an official." In the first sentence, the author points out that poetry does not make people "poor", and the last two sentences are translated into Gu's sentence "Men and guests should laugh at each other, and every sentence is not as good as a good official". The author fully affirmed Zheng Guyu's language. At the beginning of the poem, concise and lively language set poetry against being an official, fully affirmed the value of the poet by winning the poem over the good official, and embodied the persistent pursuit of poetry creation by ancient literati and the language they really loved.
"There are mountains and rivers, vegetation and vertical and horizontal paper; Insects, fish, birds and animals. " These four sentences are translated into Ouyang Xiu's words, saying that there is a vast world in the poet's chest, and the pen can drive mountains and rivers, plants, insects, fish, birds and beasts, and everything enters poetry. The words "vertical and horizontal" and "flying" here are very vivid, which show gloomy mountains and rivers, vegetation and vibrant insects, fish, birds and animals very vividly and outline a colorful artistic image world. "It is not difficult to take the 24-year-old Chinese book exam." These are respected not only by secular eyes, but also by orthodox historians. However, the author uses two simple and vivid metaphors: "When the water comes, the wind blows fast" to illustrate that it is not difficult for them to get tired of senior officials, but it is only a matter of time. There are so many loyal ministers and good generals, not to mention other mediocre people. People say that the author uses a pen in this way to compare the rarity of poets and further compare being an official to writing poems.
What is more difficult than being an official? The author replied: "Poetry is just dry and pure, and it will be tiring to create." Cao Pi pointed out in Essays on Canon: "Literature is dominated by qi, which is clear and turbid and cannot be caused by force." He believes that the article is divided into two parts according to the author's temperament. Here, the author excludes those who are obsessed with turbid qi from poets, and thinks that poetry is a concentrated expression of clear qi between heaven and earth, so the creator is unwilling to give it easily. The implication is that poetry is rare. Only by getting rid of the vulgarity in the world can we get clarity between heaven and earth and write clear poems. The author closely links the writing of poetry with the spirit of communication between heaven and earth, but actually points out that poets are born from the essence of heaven and earth, which can be described as praising the poet's value to the extreme.
The next one starts with the fact that powerful people in the world are not expensive enough. "Zhang Jin and Xu Shi are idle people, and they may not have a long-term reputation." They made friends with the descendants of Zhang Tang, and together with Xu Shi, they were called the four great families of the Western Han Dynasty. They are all high-ranking officials or nobles, and they were admired by people for some time. The author thinks it is extremely common to use the word "Hunxian" to obliterate these great men at that time.
"In the Southern Dynasties, the surname was based on this number; The West Lake Scenic Area is just an isolated mountain. " This verse vividly compares the dignitaries in history with the poets in history. "Southern Dynasties" refers to the four dynasties of Song, Qi, Liang and Chen. At that time, most of the nobles were corrupt, and Wang, Xie, Fan and Gu took turns in charge of state affairs. At that time, everyone was arrogant, but by this time, people have little memory of the rich and noble. Although the ancient dignitaries are mentioned here (including "Zhang Jin Xu Shi" in the rhyme), they actually refer to Shi Miyuan, Jia Sidao and others in the Southern Song Dynasty. They are either dead or arrogant, and the world looks askance. The author thinks that they will be spurned by people sooner or later. On the contrary, Lin Bu, a poet who lived in seclusion with his wife Mei in the early Song Dynasty in the West Lake, has always been remembered by people because he did not seek wealth. His residence has also become a scenic spot in the West Lake, adding infinite charm to the lakes and mountains, praising the poets who created spiritual wealth, trying to belittle wealth, fame and fortune, and expressing the poet's anger of despising powerful people. At this point, the author is still unfinished.
The word "cicada crown" means that aristocratic families can arrange their children to occupy high positions and pass on wealth and power to them, but it is impossible to give them the ability to help the world. They won't have poems handed down from generation to generation, nor can they create spiritual wealth. At this point, the author is full of the poet's pride, so he quoted Du Fu, who can make the poet proud most.
"Ling Du is old and self-sufficient when he was young." The sage of poetic country, a giant creator of spiritual wealth, left people unparalleled spiritual wealth, and he paid attention to the sufferings of the country and people all his life. However, he himself is often trapped by hunger and cold. A son and a daughter died of hunger and cold, and finally he died of poverty and disease. The poem quoted by the author was written by Du Fu when the book Governing Yuan De (AD 756) was trapped in Chang 'an by An Shi Rebellion. He was naked and hungry, and wrote this famous "Empty Capsule". One of them says, "The well is not frozen in the morning, but it is not cold in the bed at night." Du Fu's contemporaries included many "five-ling teenagers", princes and ministers, and even romantic emperors, but they were all forgotten by people like passing clouds. However, this poet, who only "saved a penny to study" at that time, was widely respected in the Song Dynasty for his wonderful poems (some people compared Du Fu to Confucius in the Song Dynasty) and became a model admired by many poets. The author used the authority of this poetic country to overwhelm the authority supported by the rich and powerful forces in the world (feudal society), which made the whole poem reach a climax. The word came to an abrupt end. These three sentences not only match the rhyme of the words, but also show that the poet whom the author respects most is a poet who loves his country and his people.
Ci expresses the author's view on the function of poetry, discusses the poet's position, and expresses the author's persistence in writing in the cold and hunger. The poet's condemnation of the powerful reflects the author's firmness, and the whole word is full of persistence in poetry creation, showing the lofty sentiments of "being poor but unable to move".
The tone of the word is high, vigorous and majestic, and the brushwork is ups and downs. The author repeatedly compares poets with dignitaries, and dignitaries are getting worse and worse. Guo Ziyi was really a national hero, who made great contributions to the Pingan-Anshi Rebellion and refused the Tubo invasion, while Zhang Jin-Hsu was half a hero and half a consort, but these heroes were only loyal to the Han Dynasty and had little to do with the Anbang Rebellion, much worse than Guo Ziyi, while the generals in the Southern Dynasties were. The poets used for comparison, from ordinary poets to Lin Bu, who lives in seclusion in the mountains, to Du Fu, are all promoted step by step, highlighting the theme more vividly, and the arrangement can be described as ingenious. Adapted into the content of the performance, the author's words are quite appropriate and accurate. For a hero like Guo Ziyi, as long as the objective conditions are met, it is "not difficult" to say it. For "Zhang Jin" and others, "Hunxian" is used, which shows the author's contempt for them. The word "calculate" is used for "general of the Southern Dynasties", which means "everything is enough". This is a negative influence on the children of the nobility.
From this perspective, the rhetoric of this word is simple and easy to understand, but it is very expressive. Through this poem "Spring in the Garden", the poet expressed his views on the role of poetry, discussed the poet's position, and also expressed his persistent love words in hunger and cold.