Xumenshitan Xie Yu Shangdao Left (5)
[Song] Su Shi
Soft grass is a new beginning. Light sand and dust-free road. When to clean the coupling.
Mulberries are splashed in the warm day, and the wind is like wormwood. Stone is the middleman.
About "When to Clean up the Coupled Farmland"
Mr. Hu's "Selected Poems of Song Dynasty" notes: "When can I clean up the couplet-when can I clean up the farm tools and plow the fields? This means that I want to retire to the countryside. " (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1978, p. 68)
It is correct to say "when to clean up the coupling body" to retire to the countryside. But it is wrong to understand "arrangement" as "arrangement", which leads to "arrangement of farm tools". "Clean up" here means "take back". In ancient times, when a scholar came out to be an official, he handed himself over to the court and the son of heaven, while when he retired to be an official, he took himself for himself. Therefore, "when do I clean my coupling" means when can I retire and still plow?
Tang Bai Juyi's poem "Self-titled * * *" said: "It is advisable to leave early and collect the body of Yunquan." I mean I want to quit my job early and live in seclusion in the mountains. Su Song Shunqin's poem "Farewell to Pengmen" said: "We should be self-motivated in the early stage and make great achievements in the later stage. If you succeed, collect the body quickly, and Brother Shan will go back to Soochow. Under the white-headed forest, respect wine and entertainment. " I hope my friends will make contributions and come back to seclusion as soon as possible. Su Shi's second poem "The Second Rhyme of Self-driving in Ceng Zi" said, "If there is an old mountain by the road, tell me to come back sooner or later." If there is an old friend in the mountain beside the road, he will ask me when I will retire. Su Zhe's poem "Send An Chenguan out of the city immediately" said: "Why not close the garden with three acres of bamboo in a paddy field?" My hometown has rice fields and bamboo forests. Why should I lose? Why don't I retire? He Zhu's "Reducing the Word Huanxi Sand Frequently Carrying Wine" says: "Sang Yu is at home." It means retiring from office in old age and regaining freedom. Fan Chengda's poem "Tian Ping will go to the middle of Maochang Road in Xin 'an" said: "Song Yi will always shed tears of loneliness and poverty, and the spring stone will eventually make waves. "It means that he will eventually end his official career and return to his hometown to live in seclusion. In another poem, the painter Li Youzhi said: "Yu Zuobing Tian Guihai painted two pictures of the ice sky, and Guihai painted a Buddha rock road when crossing the Yellow River, and he also played a role." He said, "Clean up Sang Yu's past, and follow Ping even more at a loss. "It means that I am old and should retire. For the above examples, please refer to.
About "the sun warms mulberries like water flowers"
Mr. Hu's "Selected Songs of the Song Dynasty" notes: "It seems to splash, and it is as clear as splashing water." (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1978, p. 68)
Press: Su Shi's word "splash" is an excellent verb, which is not only fresh but also vivid. Unfortunately, Mr. Hu didn't understand the exact meaning of the word, so his explanation was specious.
In my opinion, what is written here is that in the case of backlight, the green leaves in Sang Ma reflect the summer sunshine into the poet's eyes, bright and bright, just like a basin of water. Su Shi's poem "Give Qian Duan Gongan Road to Xiuzhou and send it to his brother Huishan" says: "Look at the lake at the top of the mountain." Another poem in "Spring Day" says: "The sun shines on the west window." The poem "Send Chen to Tanzhou" says: "The Bailu Spring rises to the top of the mountain on the moon, and the cold light is like mercury." The usage of the word "splash" is the same, you can refer to it.
Before Su Shi, Song Qi's poem "Enjoying Two Rhymes" was interpreted as: "The sun is warm and the valley is clean, and the blue water splashes several peaks." At the same time or later with Su Shi, Shi Juefan's poem "Beyond the Rules of the Second Rhyme Daolin Association" said: "The window is bright and clean, and the eyes are splashed." Li Zhiyi's "Man Fang Ting, the night scene on August 16th, the rhyme of Dongpo's old words becomes this" says: "It is particularly clear and eye-catching." After Su Shi, Fu Cha's poem "Three Accommodations for Professor Shen" said: "I was so happy that I spilled my eyes." Wang Anzhong's poem "Gong Li Hugh Wangchuan Villa" says: "Lotus flowers splash their eyes lightly." Shen Shi's Qingming Festival said, "Apricot fire burns in the air and splashes eyes." Wang Tingxuan's poem "Xiao Xiucai Lying on the Cloud Temple in Heshan" says: "The twilight eaves are blue and the eyes are splashing, and the cold mountains are far away." Ouyang Che's poem "Going home and rejuvenating the country, borrowing the ancestral rhyme of the DPRK, Jane Dunren" says: "Splashing on the mountains is refreshing." Yu Liangneng's poem "From Zhenyin to Zhenfeng Temple" says: "Blue light is thick." The fifth sentence of Zhao Fan's poem "Nineteen Miscellaneous Poems on the Way from Anren to Zhang Yu": "It will take a while for the rain to stop, and a Yunshan will shine brightly." Lu You's poem "Frost and Cold Can't Become a Monk" says: "The oil window is bright." Liu's poem "Beautiful Spring" says: "Spring is so beautiful." Wei Liaoweng's "Poems by Xie Youlong and Heshan in the Second Rhyme of Li's Participation in Politics" says: "There are endless streams splashing." It can be seen that this usage of the word "splash" is very common in the Song Dynasty.
Take a look at the above examples, such as "the lake shines on the top of the mountain", "the moon rises on the top of the mountain in the white dew fountain, and the cold light pours on the eyes like mercury" and "the stream shines continuously". Lakes, springs and streams are themselves "water". Is it necessary to "splash water" for its brightness? There is also a "sunny west window". How can the sun "splash water"?
Yujiaao
[Song] Li Qingzhao
The sky met clouds and fog. The galaxy wants to turn to Qian Fan. As if the dream soul belonged to the emperor. Smell the sky. Ask me politely where I'm going.
I report the long journey of sunset. Learn poetry. There are amazing sentences. 90,000 Li Fengpeng is a positive move. Let the wind stop. Pengzhou blew away three mountains.
About "Star River Bay is going to turn to Qian Fan Dance"
The second part of Selected Poems and Songs of China in Past Dynasties, edited by Mr. and Mr. Feng, notes: "The Milky Way has two interpretations: one refers to the Tianhe River, and the other refers to the stars and the Tianhe River. Use the latter here. This is the case with Du Fu's "The Milky Way is full of light" in Yao Tongquan's "The Highest Banquet with Wang Shiyu to Mount Dongshan". If you want to turn, the night will dawn and the stars will move to Tianhe. " (People's Literature Publishing House, 1979, p. 695)
Press: "Xinghe" has only one solution, that is, Tianhe, that is, the Milky Way. Because it is composed of stars, it is called "Milky Way". It may be inaccurate to say that "Xinghe" can also refer to "Tianhe of Stars". Du Fu's poem "The Milky Way is full of sky" means that Tianhe is made up of many stars, but the stars are not as inseparable as the river, so the light of Tianhe appears like countless stars and is broken. If there are scattered stars outside the Tianhe River, it is ok to say that their light is "broken" (scattered), but it is impossible to say that their light is "broken".
About "90,000 Li Fengpeng is in the right place"
Mr. Hu's "Selected Songs of the Song Dynasty" notes: "90,000 lifts-indicating that he is about to soar like a bird." (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1978, p. 189)
The second part of Selected Poems and Songs of China in Past Dynasties, edited by Mr. and Mr. Feng, notes: "The sentence of' 90,000': If you don't stop because of difficulties, you will move south like a bird." "Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour":' Peng moved to Nanming, and the water hit three thousand miles, and the climber (storm) was nine Wan Li.' "(People's Literature Publishing House, 1979, p. 696)
In the second volume, Zhu Dongrun, editor-in-chief of Selected Literary Works of China in Past Dynasties, commented: "Nine Wan Li sentences indicate that he is about to soar like a bird." Zhuangzi's Happy Tour:' Peng travels thousands of miles. Fly away angrily, its wings hang in the sky like clouds. ..... Peng moved to Nanming, the water hit three thousand miles, and the climber was nine Wan Li. "(Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1980, p. 53)
Press: "90,000 is a positive example", and it is well said that "Climbing the ladder and nine Wan Li" in the so-called "Peng ..." Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour "has been selected by many scholars. But they ignored the relationship between "Peng" and "Feng" in the original canon. In the Qing Dynasty, Guo Qingfan said in the Collection of Zhuangzi: "Rhyme Collection (edited by Song and others). ): get together. Take a whimper, and dedicate the words to Jufeng and hold them high. Tang Lu Deming's Interpretation of Zhuangzi Classics says: "Dancing ... Sima (according to Sima Biao of Jin Dynasty) says: The upper hand is called dancing. Erya says: Dancing is soaring. Guo Puyun: The storm is from the bottom up. "On this basis, this sentence of Li Qingzhao's Ci only says that Peng bird flies in the distance, and its wings set off a strong wind in Wan Li. The focus of the sentence is "wind." Nine Wan Li describes the size of this "wind", and Peng explains how this "wind" blows. So, next, I want to say to Feng: Don't stop, Feng, please blow my boat to Sanshen Mountain in the sea! The poet put himself on a ship. If she "wants to soar in Peng Like", fly to Sanshen Mountain by herself. Why pray for the strong wind to blow her boat to Sanshen Mountain?
About "Pengzhou Blows Away Three Mountains"
Mr. Hu's "Selected Songs of the Song Dynasty" notes: "Pengzhou blows away the three mountains-Pengzhou, and the boat is as light as grass." (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1978, p. 189)
Notes in Selected Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties by the Institute of Literature of China Academy of Social Sciences: "Pengzhou: A canoe is like grass, which is called a boat, and it is erratic." (People's Literature Publishing House 198 1 Edition, p. 227)
Press: In ancient books, some radicals with similar shapes often cross each other, and the crossing of the characters of grass head and pig head is one of them. Because this phenomenon is relatively common, in some cases, people also regard it as a common phenomenon and don't care so strictly. The word "Pengzhou" is actually a "Pengzhou". Song, Chen, Peng Nian Guangyun and other books "Sound and One East" say that "a tent, bamboo clips, will also turn the boat over". The awning of the cabin. In Song Ci, the word "Peng" appears frequently, and in quite a few cases, "Peng" has become synonymous with Zhou Zhen. For example, Liu Yong's "Sacrifice to Heaven" (sighing at the banquet) said: "I heard that the guests are crossing the boat. The awning window is closed, the blue sky is anxious, and the good dream is still broken. " The "awning window" is the ship window. Li Zhiyi's "Jade Case, Where to Respond to Prayer" said: "Small accounts are widely used." The tent is a ship. Zhou Zizhi's "Buji He Zai Yan You" said: "Under the frost leaves, there are orphans." A "lonely tent" is a lonely boat. Ye Mengde's "Tune the tune, and the Second Rhyme Uncle Temple becomes Linde's ancestor to rest" said: "I believe in coquettish life, but I care less about short skirts and make more clothes." "Canopy" is a canoe. Liu Yi stopped "Nian Nujiao berthed outside the city one night after the Mid-Autumn Festival" and said, "On the banks of the Hengjiang River, the short eaves hang down in the clear sky." "Short canopy" is a ship. Shi Hong's "Fisherman's Proud Introduction" (boating on the ice in the twelfth lunar month): "Build a shed every year. Three winter nights. Why do you need to borrow cow clothes to wear when it's warm? " The "canopy" is the cabin. Zhang Lun's "Zhong Chao CuO" (rustling reeds and cold leaves) said: "Scatter a tent of fireworks to make Sha Ting fly." The tent is a ship. Lu You's "Love Embroidery" said: "I will not hesitate to exchange mink fur for fishing awnings." Gao's "Red Lips" said: "Fishing for the moon and canopy is leisure." "Fishing awning" and "fishing awning" are fishing boats. Chen Renjie's farewell to Ding Jun in Qinyuan Spring because I thought it was different said, "I am very popular with you. When the rain stops, the Chinese parasol tree is lonely and drunk." "Yin Peng" is the ship on which the poet rides. Yu Zhan's "Ancient Weizhou people in Shengshumei said that this ship once carried Qiantang Palace people" said: "Don't suffer in tents. Who is it, Tian Yue's child? " "A tent" means a boat full. It's all evidence
Man Jiang Hong
Jiang Xing and Yang Ji Weng Yun
[Song] Xin Qiji
Through the mountains, strangers seem to know each other in the old days. It's a dream, an ordinary trip, Jiangnan Jiangbei. The best place to go is to bring a staff member, which can save several lives. Laugh at the dust, and after 39 years, grow into a guest.
Wu Chudi is from the southeast. Heroes, enemies of Cao Liu. Blown away by the west wind, there is no trace. Louguan is an adult, and the flag is white before it is rolled. Sighing the world, turning sorrow into joy and looking for each other, today is still the past.
About "Heroes, Enemies of Cao Liu"
Mr. Hu's "Selected Poems of Song Dynasty" notes: "Revenge of the Three Kingdoms", in which Cao Cao said to Liu Bei: "Today, the heroes in the world are only Guo Jun and Cao Er, and the first one is not enough (Yuan Shao). "These two sentences are to recall the past and to hide the author's pride." (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1978, p. 267)
Yu Pingbo's Notes on Selected Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties said: "The enemy" refers to Battle of Red Cliffs, that is, Sun Quan said, "Without Liu Yuzhou, you can't be Cao Cao."
(See "Three Kingdoms Shu Shu and Zhuge Liang Chuan"). "Dang" means "enemy". Liu Bei can beat Cao Cao, so he can beat Cao Cao. How can there be such a person now? So we went on to say,' the west wind blew away and there was no dust.' Borrowing the past to hurt the present leads to the following two sentences:' building view' and' standard'. Another article, Nanxiangzi Gu Beiting Huai, wrote: "Cao Liu, who is the enemy of heroes all over the world? The first two sentences of giving birth to a child like Sun Zhongmou are the same as this article, and the next sentence is more meaningful. Cao Liu is the enemy, and Sun Quan can be the enemy of Cao Liu, so it becomes the best of three games. Although this article does not point out Sun Shi, it is also intentional. "
(People's Literature Publishing House, 1979, p. 200)
According to the words "Jiangxing" in the title and "Wuchudi" in the title, we can know that this word was written in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This area was Sun Wu's territory during the Three Kingdoms period. Therefore, the poet's comments are based on Sun Wu. The so-called "heroic thing, enemy of Cao Liu" does not mean a specific historical event like Battle of Red Cliffs, nor does it mean that only Cao Cao and Liu Bei were equal opponents at that time; Rather, Sun Quan's heroic career can be compared with that of Cao Cao and Liu Bei. Another poem by Xin Qiji, "Nan Xiang Zi Deng Jing Kou Gu Bei Ting Huai", was written in Jingkou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu), which was once the capital of Sun Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. So the discussion in that word is also centered on Sun Wu. The so-called "Who is the enemy of the hero in the world, Cao Liu" does not mean that the hero in the world is only the enemy of Cao Liu, but: Who is the enemy of Sun Quan? Only Cao Cao and Liu Bei!
Mr. Hu said that these two sentences "also hide the author's pride", probably mistakenly thinking that the poet himself is a "hero" who can compete with him.
(Author: Nanjing Normal University College)