Pastoral Miscellanies of Four Seasons (I) is an idyllic poem written by Fan Chengda, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, and it is also one of his family poems, Pastoral Miscellanies of Sixty Seasons.
Name of the work
Four seasons pastoral miscellaneous interest
Foreign name
Sitianyuan
Year of creation
Southern Song Dynasty
Source of works
Sixty pastoral songs of the four seasons
Literary genre
poetic sentiment
original work
Four Seasons Pastoral Miscellaneous Glory (Ⅰ)
Song-Fan Chengda
Tilling during the day, numb at night,
The children in the village are responsible for their own affairs.
Children and grandchildren have not been liberated to engage in farming and textile,
And learn to grow melons in the shade of mulberry trees.
To annotate ...
1. Miscellaneous interest: a poem written at random without a fixed theme.
2. Day (zhòu): daytime.
3. Field: weed control.
4. Performing hemp: Twist hemp into a line.
5, do their job: everyone has a certain job.
6. Children and grandchildren: refers to children.
7. Unsolved: I don't understand.
8. Provide: engage and participate.
9. Next: Close.
10. Mulberry shade: a shady place under mulberry trees.
poetic sentiment
Go out to weed the fields during the day and come back to rub hemp rope at night.
Farmers, men and women, each bear the burden of the family.
Children don't know how to cultivate,
And learn to grow melons under mulberry trees like adults.
Make an appreciative comment
Pastoral Miscellanies of Four Seasons is a group of large-scale family poems written by the poet after he retired from his hometown, with a total of 60 poems, which describe the rural scenery and farmers' life in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and also reflect the exploitation and hardship of farmers. This is one of them, which describes a scene of rural summer life.
The first sentence says: weeding in the fields during the day and rubbing hemp thread at night. "Tillage" means weeding. In early summer, the seedlings need weeding. This is what men should do. "Ji Ma" refers to women who rub twine and weave cloth at night after finishing other work during the day. This sentence directly wrote the labor scene. The second sentence "Children in the village mind their own affairs", that is, "children" refers to men and women, and the whole poem uses the tone of an old farmer, and "children" refers to young people. "Being in charge" means that both men and women are not allowed to be idle and mind their own business. In the third sentence, "children and grandchildren are not prepared for farming and weaving", and "children and grandchildren" refer to those children who can neither farm nor weave, but are not idle. They have come into contact with children and love labor, so they "learn to plant melons under the shade of mulberry trees", that is, learn to plant melons under the lush mulberry trees. This is a common phenomenon in rural areas, but it is quite distinctive. The conclusion shows the naive interest of rural children.
With a fresh style, the poet described the tense labor atmosphere in the early summer in the countryside in a more delicate way, which made it interesting to read.
Brief introduction of the author
Fan Chengda: (1126 ——1193) Poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. Zi Zhi was born in Pingjiang, Wu Jun (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). Shaoxing twenty-four years (1 154), a scholar. He was appointed as Huizhou secretariat to join the army and was transferred to the Ministry of Rites as foreign minister. Later, he learned about the country, reduced taxes and built water conservancy projects, which was quite successful. Avenue for six years (1 170), he used the official title of living in Lang Mansion to impersonate the official rank of a university student as the ambassador to Jin State. In order to change the etiquette of accepting the imperial edict of the State of Jin, Fan Chengda asked for the "Mausoleum" in Henan. In the State of Jin, his camera was smashed, thus maintaining the prestige of Song Ting. He came back from the whole festival and wrote it. Later, he served as CEO of Jingjiang, Xiandu and Jiankang. In Xichun, the official took part in political affairs. He left his job two months later because he was accompanied by filial piety. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in his hometown of Shihu. Fan Chengda, Lu You, Yang Wanli and You Mao are also called the four great masters of the Southern Song Dynasty.
When he wrote poetry, he started from Jiangxi Poetry School, then got rid of the bondage and influence of Jiangxi Poetry School, widely learned from famous poets in Tang and Song Dynasties, and finally became his own family. His poems have a wide range of themes, and his works reflecting the content of rural social life have the highest achievements. His pastoral poems generally describe the vast life in the countryside and the sufferings of farmers, which have profound social content and at the same time show a quiet and leisurely pastoral life. They are the epitome of China's ancient pastoral poems. His patriotic poems make a volume of quatrains of Jin En's line the most valuable. What best embodies the characteristics of his poems is his 60 poems "Four Seasons and Pastoral Miscellaneous Interest" written in his later years. This group of poems comprehensively and profoundly describes the scenery, customs and habits of the four seasons in rural areas, and reflects the hard work and hard life of farmers. His poetry style is delicate and graceful, gentle and elegant, full of folk songs. His prose was also famous at that time. Ci is close to Qin Guan, and his later works are close to Su Shi. Fan Chengda's works had a significant influence in the late Southern Song Dynasty, especially in the early Qing Dynasty. At that time, there was a saying that "the sword is in the south and the lake is in the lake". Yang Wanli once said in the preface to Fan Chengda's Collected Works: "As for poetry, it is fresh and beautiful, and there is Bao Xie in it, which is cool and heroic, and bravely pursues Taibai." There are poems such as Shihu Jushi and Shihu Ci that have been passed down from generation to generation.