In the history of China's poetry, if there were no landscape poems, the poetry culture would be dim. Speaking of landscape poems, Xie Lingyun, a poet of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, was the first. The school of landscape poetry initiated by Xie Lingyun introduced the beauty of nature into poetry, making landscape an independent aesthetic object, and he also became a master who influenced the style of landscape poetry in later generations.
Landscape poems refer to poems describing landscapes. Although poetry may not be purely about mountains and rivers, it may also have other auxiliary contents, but presenting the beauty of mountains and rivers and the sound that the eyes and ears can hear must be the main purpose of the poet's creation.
Definition:
Landscape poems refer to poems describing landscapes. In a landscape poem, it is not necessary for mountains and water to appear at the same time. Some only write mountain scenery, while others focus on water scenery. But whether it is water or mountains, it must be a landscape that has not been interfered by the poet's reason or emotion, that is, the landscape must remain the same.
Of course, the landscape in the poem is not limited to barren hills, but also includes other famous scenic spots artificially decorated, as well as the landscape in the suburbs, palaces or manors of the city.
Features of the work:
Good landscape poems always contain the author's profound life experience, not just a vague mountain. Rational poetry has both educational and aesthetic functions, and its realistic attitude and enterprising spirit are undoubtedly a powerful spur and encouragement to readers.
Most excellent landscape poems have the characteristics of "painting in poetry and poetry in painting". The so-called "painting in poetry" is to use a brush to dye the profound and implicit meaning of the mountains and waters, so that readers can get a direct aesthetic feeling.
For example, Meng Haoran's "Autumn Mountain sends Zhang Wu" vividly expresses the feeling of climbing in January: "On a north peak among white clouds, you have found your hiding place. Now, when I climb this mountain to see you, my heart flies high with the geese. Sadness is often the mood of dusk, and the mood is often the atmosphere of autumn. I looked down at the riverbank and took a flat-headed rest with the folks who came home. The forest in the distance is like a shepherd's purse, overlooking the river bank like a crescent moon. I hope you will pick me up, bring a basket of wine and get drunk on the Double Ninth Festival. "
Among them, there is the figure of the poet himself climbing the mountain, the pleasant feeling of Zhang Wu, an imaginary hermit in Beishan, and the wide field of vision and various scenery flashing in it. Its outstanding feature is to express it with a word "far" and set off far-reaching significance with a long-term vision. "Far meaning" is not explicitly stated, but it is vaguely described in the description of "Wild geese fly high in my heart". There is not much pen and ink to outline the vision, but it is very hierarchical.